بَابُ الِاعْتِصَامِ بِالْكِتَابِ وَالسُّنَّةِAdhering to the Qur'an and the Sunnah
وَقَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: {وَاعْتَصِمُوا بِحَبْلِ اللهِ جَمِيعًا} (ال عمران: ۱۰۳ ، وَقَوْلِهِ: {لَقَدْ كَانَ لَكُمْ فِي رَسُولِ اللهِ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ} (الأحزاب: ۲۱ ، وَقَوْلِهِ: {قُلْ إِن كُنْتُمْ تُحِبُّونَ اللهَ فَاتَّبِعُونِي يُحْبِبْكُمُ اللهُ وَيَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ ذُنُوبَكُمْ وَاللهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ} (ال عمران ۳۱ ، وَقَوْلِهِ : {وَمَا آتَاكُمُ الرَّسُولُ فَخُذُوهُ وَمَا نَهَاكُمْ عَنْهُ فَانْتَهُوا} (الحشر: ۷ ، وَقَوْلِهِ: { وَمَنْ يُطِعِ اللهَ وَالرَّسُولَ فَأُولَئِكَ مَعَ الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ النَّبِيِّينَ وَالصِّدِّيقِينَ وَالشُّهَدَاءِ وَالصَّالِحِينَ} (النساء: ٦٩ ، وَقَوْلِهِ: {مَنْ يُطِعِ الرَّسُولَ فَقَدْ أَطَاعَ اللهَ) (النساء: ۸۰
And the words of Allah, the Almighty: {And hold firmly to the rope of Allah all together} (Aal Imran: 103), and His words: {Indeed, you have in the Messenger of Allah an excellent example} (Al-Ahzab: 21), and His words: {Say"If you love Allah, then follow me, and Allah will love you and forgive you your sins, and Allah is Forgiving and Merciful"} (Aal Imran: 31), and His words: {And whatever the Messenger has given you, take it, and what he has forbidden you, refrain from it} (Al-Hashr: 7), and His words: {And whoever obeys Allah and the Messenger, those are with the ones upon whom Allah has bestowed favor, of the prophets, the steadfast affirmers of truth, the martyrs, and the righteous} (An-Nisa: 69), and His words: {Whoever obeys the Messenger has obeyed Allah} (An-Nisa: 80).
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ (رضي الله عنها) قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَنْ أَحْدَثَ فِي أَمْرِنَا هَذَا مَا لَيْسَ مِنْهُ فَهُوَ رَدُّ». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
From Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Whoever introduces something into this matter of ours that is not part of it, it will be rejected." [Agreed upon]
وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «أَمَّا بَعْدُ، فَإِنَّ خَيْرَ الْحَدِيْثِ كِتَابُ اللهِ، وَخَيْرَ الْهَدْيِ هَدْيُ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَشَرَّ الْأُمُورِ مُحْدَثَاتُهَا، وَكُلَّ بِدْعَةٍ ضَلَالَةٌ». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
From Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "As for what follows: The best of speech is the Book of Allah, and the best of guidance is the guidance of Muhammad, and the worst of matters are those that are newly introduced, and every innovation is misguidance." [Narrated by Muslim]
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «أَبْغَضُ النَّاسِ إِلَى اللهِ ثَلَاثَةٌ: مُلْحِدٌ فِي الْحَرَمِ، وَمُبْتَغِ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ سُنَّةَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، وَمُطَّلِبٌ دَمَ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ؛ لِيُهْرِيقَ دَمَهُ». رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ.
From Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with both of them), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "The most disliked of people to Allah are three: a heretic in the sanctuary, one who seeks in Islam the practices of the time of ignorance, and one who demands the blood of a Muslim without a right, to shed his blood." [Narrated by Bukhari]
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «كُلُّ أُمَّتِي يَدْخُلُوْنَ الْجَنَّةَ إِلَّا مَنْ أَبَى. قِيلَ: وَمَنْ أَبَى؟ قَالَ: مَنْ أَطَاعَنِي دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةِ، وَمَنْ عَصَانِي فَقَدْ أَبَى». رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ.
From Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Every member of my Ummah will enter Paradise, except for those who refuse." It was said: "Who would refuse?" He said: "Whoever obeys me will enter Paradise, and whoever disobeys me has refused." [Narrated by Bukhari]
وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: جَاءَتْ مَلَائِكَةٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَهُوَ نَائِمٌ، فَقَالُوا: إِنَّ لِصَاحِبِكُمْ هَذَا مَثَلًا فَاضْرِبُوا لَهُ مَثَلًا. فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ إِنَّهُ نَائِمٌ. وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: إِنَّ الْعَيْنَ نَائِمَةٌ وَالْقَلْبَ يَقْظَانُ. فَقَالُوا: مَثَلُهُ كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ بَنَى دَارًا، وَجَعَلَ فِيهَا مَأْدُبَةً، وَبَعَثَ دَاعِيًا، فَمَنْ أَجَابَ الدَّاعِيَ دَخَلَ الدَّارَ وَأَكَلَ مِنَ الْمَأْدُبَةِ، وَمَنْ لَمْ يُجِبِ الدَّاعِيَ لَمْ يَدْخُلِ الدَّارَ وَلَمْ يَأْكُلْ مِنَ الْمَأْدُبَةِ. فَقَالُوا: أَوِّلُوهَا لَهُ يَفْقَهْهَا. قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: إِنَّهُ نَائِمٌ. وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: إِنَّ الْعَيْنَ نَائِمَةٌ وَالْقَلْبَ يَقْظَانُ. فَقَالُوا : فَالدَّارُ الْجَنَّةُ، وَالدَّاعِي مُحَمَّدٌ ﷺ ، فَمَنْ أَطَاعَ مُحَمَّدًا ﷺ فَقَدْ أَطَاعَ اللهَ، وَمَنْ عَصَى مُحَمَّدًا ﷺ فَقَدْ عَصَى اللهَ، وَمُحَمَّدٌ ﷺ فَرْقٌ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ. رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ.
From Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The angels came to the Prophet (peace be upon him) while he was asleep, and they said: "Your companion has an example, so strike an example for him." Some of them said: "He is asleep." Some of them said: "His eyes are asleep, but his heart is awake." They said: "His example is like a man who built a house, placed a banquet in it, and sent an inviter. Whoever answered the call entered the house and ate from the banquet, and whoever did not answer the call did not enter the house and did not eat from the banquet." They said: "Interpret this for him so that he may understand it." Some of them said: "He is asleep." Some of them said: "His eyes are asleep, but his heart is awake." They said: "The house is Paradise, and the inviter is Muhammad (peace be upon him). Whoever obeys Muhammad (peace be upon him) has obeyed Allah, and whoever disobeys Muhammad (peace be upon him) has disobeyed Allah. Muhammad (peace be upon him) is the distinction between the people." [Narrated by Bukhari]
وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: جَاءَ ثَلَاثَةُ رَهْطٍ إِلَى أَزْوَاجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ يَسْأَلُوْنَ عَنْ عِبَادَةِ النَّبِيِّ، فَلَمَّا أُخْبِرُوْا بِهَا كَأَنَّهُمْ تَقَالُّوْهَا، فَقَالُوا: أَيْنَ نَحْنُ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَقَدْ غَفَرَ اللهُ لَهُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ وَمَا تَأَخَّرَ. فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمْ: أَمَّا أَنَا، فَأُصَلِّي اللَّيْلَ أَبَدًا. وَقَالَ الْآخَرُ: أَنَا أَصَوْمُ النَّهَارَ أَبَدًا، وَلَا أُفْطِرُ. وَقَالَ الآخَرُ: أَنَا أَعْتَزِلُ النِّسَاءَ، فَلَا أَتَزَوَّجُ أَبَدًا.
فَجَاءَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِلَيْهِمْ ، فَقَالَ: «أَنْتُمُ الَّذِينَ قُلْتُمْ كَذَا وَكَذَا؟ أَمَا وَاللهِ، إِنِّي لَأَخْشَاكُمْ لِلَّهِ وَأَتْقَاكُمْ لَهُ، لَكِنِّي أَصُوْمُ وَأُفْطِرُ، وَأُصَلِّي وَأَرْقُدُ، وَأَتَزَوَّجُ النِّسَاءَ، فَمَنْ رَغِبَ عَن سُنَّتِي فَلَيْسَ مِنِّي». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
From Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: Three men came to the wives of the Prophet (peace be upon him) asking about the worship of the Prophet. When they were informed about it, it seemed to them that it was too little. They said: "Where are we in comparison to the Prophet (peace be upon him), for Allah has forgiven him for his past and future sins?" One of them said: "As for me, I will pray all night forever." The second one said: "I will fast during the day forever and will not break my fast." The third one said: "I will abstain from women and will never marry."
Then the Prophet (peace be upon him) came to them and said: "Are you the ones who said such and such? By Allah, I am the most fearful of Allah and the most pious of you. But I fast and break my fast, I pray and sleep, and I marry women. So whoever turns away from my Sunnah is not from me." [Narrated by Bukhari and Muslim]
وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ (رضي الله عنها) قَالَتْ: صَنَعَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ شَيْئًا فَرَخَّصَ فِيهِ، فَتَنَزَّهَ عَنْهُ قَوْمٌ، فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ ، فَخَطَبَ ، فَحَمِدَ اللهَ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: «مَا بَالُ أَقْوَامٍ يَتَنَزَّهُونَ عَنِ الشَّيْءِ أَصْنَعُهُ، فَوَاللّهِ، إِنِّي لَأَعْلَمُهُمْ بِاللّهِ وَأَشَدُّهُمْ لَهُ خَشْيَةً». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
From Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) did something and made it permissible, but some people refrained from it. When this reached the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), he delivered a sermon, praised Allah, and then said: "What is the matter with certain people who refrain from something that I do? By Allah, I know them best in relation to Allah and am the most fearful of Him." [Narrated by Bukhari and Muslim]
وَعَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ ﷺ قَالَ: قَدِمَ نَبِيُّ اللهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ وَهُمْ يَأْبُرُوْنَ النَّخْلَ، فَقَالَ: «مَا تَصْنَعُونَ؟» قَالُوا : كُنَّا نَصْنَعُهُ. قَالَ: «لَعَلَّكُمْ لَوْ لَمْ تَفْعَلُوا كَانَ خَيْرًا». فَتَرَكُوهُ، فَنَقَصَتْ. قَالَ: فَذَكَرُوا ذَلِكَ لَهُ، فَقَالَ: «إِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ، إِذَا أَمَرْتُكُمْ بِشَيْءٍ مِنْ أَمْرِ دِينِكُمْ فَخُذُوا بِهِ، وَإِذَا أَمَرْتُكُمْ بِشَيْءٍ مِنْ رَأْبِي فَإِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
From Rafi' ibn Khadij (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) came to Madinah and saw them grafting the date palms. He asked, "What are you doing?" They replied, "We are grafting them." He said, "Perhaps if you didn't do that, it would be better." They left it, and the yield decreased. They mentioned this to him, and he said: "I am only a human being. If I command you to do something concerning your religion, then follow it, but if I command you to do something based on my own opinion, I am just a human being." [Narrated by Muslim]
وَعَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «إِنَّمَا مَثَلِي وَمَثَلَ مَا بَعَثَنِيَ اللهُ بِهِ كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ أَتَى قَوْمًا، فَقَالَ: يَا قَوْمِ، إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ الْجَيْشَ بِعَيْنَيَّ، وَإِنِّي أَنَا النَّذِيرُ الْعُرْيَانُ، فَالنَّجَاءَ النَّجَاءَ. فَأَطَاعَهُ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ، فَأَدْلَجُوا، فَانْطَلَقُوا عَلَى مَهْلِهِمْ، فَنَجَوْا، وَكَذَّبَتْ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْهُمْ، فَأَصْبَحُوا مَكَانَهُمْ، فَصَبَّحَهُمُ الْجَيْشُ، فَأَهْلَكَهُمْ وَاجْتَاحَهُمْ. فَذَلِكَ مَثَلُ مَنْ أَطَاعَنِي فَاتَّبَعَ مَا جِئْتُ بِهِ، وَمَثَلُ مَنْ عَصَانِي وَكَذَّبَ مَا جِئْتُ بِهِ مِنَ الْحَقِّ». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
From Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "The example of me and what I have been sent with is like that of a man who came to a people and said: 'O my people, I have seen the army with my own eyes, and I am the clear warner. So flee, flee.' Some of his people obeyed him and left, traveling at their own pace, and they were saved. Some of them denied him, and they stayed in their place. The army came upon them in the morning and destroyed them. That is the example of the one who obeys me and follows what I have brought, and the example of the one who disobeys me and denies the truth that I have brought." [Narrated by Bukhari and Muslim]
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَثَلِي كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ اسْتَوْقَدَ نَارًا، فَلَمَّا أَضَاءَتْ مَا حَوْلَهَا جَعَلَ الْفَرَاشُ وَهَذِهِ الدَّوَابُّ الَّتِي تَقَعُ فِي النَّارِ يَقَعْنَ فِيْهَا، وَجَعَلَ يَحْجِزُهُنَّ وَيَغْلِبْنَهُ، فَيَقْتَحِمَنَّ فِيْهَا، فَأَنَا آخِذٌ بِحُجَزِكُمْ عَنِ النَّارِ، وَأَنْتُمْ تَقَحَّمُوْنَ فِيهَا. هَذِهِ رِوَايَةُ الْبُخَارِيِّ، وَلِمُسْلِمٍ نَحْوُها، وَقَالَ فِي آخِرِهَا: «قَالَ: «فَذَلِكَ مَثَلِي وَمَثَلُكُمْ، أَنَا آخِذٌ بِحُجَزِكُمْ عَنِ النَّارِ، هَلُمَّ عَنِ النَّارِ، هَلُمَّ عَنِ النَّارِ، فَتَغْلِبُونِي تَقَحَّمُوْنَ فِيهَا».
From Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "My example is like that of a man who lit a fire, and when it illuminated everything around it, the moths and insects began falling into the fire. He tried to prevent them, but they overwhelmed him and continued to fall into it. I am holding onto your waist to pull you away from the fire, but you are slipping away and falling into it." [Narrated by Bukhari, and a similar narration is Narrated by Muslim, who adds at the end: "This is my example and your example. I am holding onto your waist to pull you away from the fire, saying: 'Come away from the fire, come away from the fire,' but you are overpowering me and falling into it."
وَعَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَثَلُ مَا بَعَثَنِي اللهُ بِهِ مِنَ الْهُدَى وَالْعِلْمِ كَمَثَلِ الْغَيْثِ الْكَثِيرِ أَصَابَ أَرْضًا، فَكَانَتْ مِنْهَا طَائِفَةٌ طَيِّبَةٌ قَبِلَتِ الْمَاءَ فَأَنْبَتَتِ الْكَلَأَ وَالْعُشْبَ الْكَثِيرَ، وَكَانَتْ مِنْهَا أَجَادِبُ أَمْسَكَتِ الْمَاءَ، فَنَفَعَ اللهُ بِهَا النَّاسَ، فَشَرِبُوا وَسَقُوْا وَزَرَعُوا وَأَصَابَ مِنْهَا طَائِفَةً أُخْرَى إِنَّمَا هِيَ قِيْعَانٌ لَا تُمْسِكُ مَاءً وَلَا تُنْبِتُ كَلَأً، فَذَلِكَ مَثَلُ مَنْ فَقُهَ فِي دِينِ اللهِ وَنَفَعَهُ مَا بَعَثَنِيَ اللهُ بِهِ، فَعَلِمَ وَعَلَّمَ، وَمَثَلُ مَنْ لَمْ يَرْفَعْ بِذَلِكَ رَأْسًا وَلَمْ يَقْبَلْ هُدَى اللهِ الَّذِي أُرْسِلْتُ بِهِ». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
From Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "The example of what Allah has sent me with, of guidance and knowledge, is like a heavy rain that fell upon the earth. Some of the land was good, accepting the water, which then grew lush plants and abundant grass. Some land was hard, retaining the water, and people benefitted from it by drinking, irrigating, and planting. And some land was barren, unable to retain the water or grow plants. This is the example of the one who understands the religion of Allah and benefits from what I have been sent with, who learns and teaches others. And the example of the one who turns away and does not accept the guidance of Allah that I have been sent with." [Narrated by Bukhari and Muslim]
وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَتْ: تَلَا رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: {هُوَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْكَ الْكِتَابَ مِنْهُ آيَاتٌ مُحْكَمَاتٌ}، وَقَرَأَ إِلَى: {وَمَا يَذَّكَّرُ إِلَّا أُولُو الْأَلْبَابِ 7} (آل عمران: ۷ قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ «فَإِذَا رَأَيْتَ - وَعِنْدَ مُسْلِمٍ: رَأَيْتُمْ - الَّذِينَ يَتَّبِعُوْنَ مَا تَشَابَهَ مِنْهُ فَأُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ سَمَّاهُمُ اللهُ فَاحْذَرُوْهُمْ». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
From Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) recited: {He is the One who sent down to you the Book, containing verses that are clear and others that are ambiguous...} (Al Imran 3:7), and then he recited: {None will take heed except those with understanding.} The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) then said: "When you see those who follow the ambiguous verses, they are the ones whom Allah has mentioned. Be cautious of them." This is agreed upon by Bukhari and Muslim.
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْن عَمْرِو (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: هَجَرْتُ إِلَى رَسُوْلِ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمًا، قَالَ: فَسَمِعَ أَصْوَاتَ رَجُلَيْنِ اخْتَلَفَا فِي آيَةٍ، فَخَرَجَ عَلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُعْرَفُ فِي وَجْهِهِ الْغَضَبُ، فَقَالَ: «إِنَّمَا هَلَكَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ بِاخْتِلَافِهِمْ فِي الْكِتَابِ». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
From Abdullah ibn Amr (may Allah be pleased with them), who said: One day, I went to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), and I heard the voices of two men disputing over a verse. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) came out to us, and his face showed signs of anger. He said: "The people before you were destroyed because of their disputes over the Book." [Narrated by Muslim.
وَعَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «إِنَّ أَعْظَمَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فِي الْمُسْلِمِينَ جُرْمًا مَنْ سَأَلَ عَنْ شَيْءٍ لَمْ يُحَرَّمْ عَلَى النَّاسِ فَحُرِّمَ مِنْ أَجْلِ مَسْأَلَتِهِ». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ وَرَوَى الْبُخَارِيُّ نَحْوَهُ.
From Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "The greatest sinner among the Muslims is the one who asks about something that is not forbidden for the people, and then it is made forbidden because of his question." [Narrated by Muslim, and Bukhari has a similar narration.
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَكُونُ فِي آخِرِ الزَّمَانِ دَجَّالُوْنَ كَذَّابُوْنَ، يَأْتُوْنَكُمْ مِنَ الْأَحَادِيثِ بِمَا لَمْ تَسْمَعُوْا أَنْتُمْ وَلَا آبَاؤُكُمْ، فَإِيَّاكُمْ وَإِيَّاهُمْ ، لَا يُضِلُّوْنَكُمْ وَلَا يَفْتِنُوْنَكُمْ». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
From Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "In the latter days, there will be liars and deceivers who will bring to you new sayings, which neither you nor your forefathers have heard. Beware of them, for they will lead you astray and cause you great trial." [Narrated by Muslim.
وَعَنْهُ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: كَانَ أَهْلُ الْكِتَابِ يَقْرَؤُوْنَ التَّوْرَاةَ بِالْعِبْرَانِيَّةِ وَيُفَسِّرُوْنَهَا بِالْعَرَبِيَّةِ لِأَهْلِ الْإِسْلَامِ، فَقَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «لَا تُصَدِّقُوْا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ وَلَا تُكَذِّبُوْهُمْ، {قُولُوا آمَنَّا بِاللهِ وَمَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْنَا} الْآيَةَ (البقرة: ١٣٦). رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ.
From Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The People of the Book used to read the Torah in Hebrew and explain it in Arabic to the Muslims. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Do not believe the People of the Book, nor disbelieve them. Say: 'We believe in Allah and in what has been revealed to us.'" (Al-Baqarah 2:136). [Narrated by Bukhari.
وَعَنْهُ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ : «كَفَى بِالْمَرْءِ كَذِبًا أَنْ يُحَدِّثَ بِكُلِّ مَا سَمِعَ». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
From Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "It is sufficient for a person to be considered a liar if he narrates everything he hears." [Narrated by Muslim.
وَعَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُوْدٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَا مِنْ نَبِيٍّ بَعَثَهُ اللهُ فِي أُمَّةٍ قَبْلِي إِلَّا كَانَ لَهُ فِي أُمَّتِهِ حَوَّارِيُّوْنَ وَأَصْحَابٌ يَأْخُذُوْنَ بِسُنَّتِهِ وَيَقْتَدُوْنَ بِأَمْرِهِ، ثُمَّ إِنَّهَا تَخْلُفُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ خُلُوفٌ، يَقُولُونَ مَا لَا يَفْعَلُونَ، وَيَفْعَلُونَ مَا لَا يُؤْمَرُونَ. فَمَنْ جَاهَدَهُمْ بِيَدِهِ فَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ، وَمَنْ جَاهَدَهُمْ بِلِسَانِهِ فَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ، وَمَنْ جَاهَدَهُمْ بِقَلْبِهِ فَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ. وَلَيْسَ وَرَاءَ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ حَبَّةُ خَرْدَلٍ». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
From Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "There was no prophet sent by Allah to any nation before me, except that he had companions and disciples who followed his way and acted according to his commands. Then after them came a group who spoke without acting, and acted without being commanded. Whoever struggles against them with his hand is a believer, and whoever struggles with his tongue is a believer, and whoever struggles with his heart is a believer. There is no faith beyond that, not even the weight of a mustard seed." [Narrated by Muslim.
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَنْ دَعَا إِلَى هُدًى كَانَ لَهُ مِنَ الْأَجْرِ مِثْلُ أُجُورِ مَنْ تَبِعَهُ، لَا يَنْقُصُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ أُجُورِهِمْ شَيْئًا، وَمَنْ دَعَا إِلَى ضَلَالَةٍ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْإِثْمِ مِثْلُ آثَامِ مَنْ تَبِعَهُ، لَا يَنْقُصُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ آثَامِهِمْ شَيْئًا». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
From Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Whoever calls to guidance will have the same reward as those who follow him, without diminishing their rewards in any way. And whoever calls to misguidance will have the same burden of sin as those who follow him, without diminishing their sins in any way." [Narrated by Muslim.
وَعَنْهُ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ : « بَدَأَ الْإِسْلَامُ غَرِيبًا وَسَيَعُودُ كَمَا بَدَأَ، فَطُوبَى لِلْغُرَبَاءِ». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
From Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Islam began as something strange and it will return to being strange, so blessed are the strangers." [Narrated by Muslim.
وَعَنْهُ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «إِنَّ الْإِيْمَانَ لَيَأْرِزُ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ كَمَا تَأْرِزُ الحَيَّةُ إِلَى جُحْرِهَا». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
From Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Indeed, faith returns to Madinah just as a snake returns to its hole." This is agreed upon [Narrated by Bukhari and Muslim]
وَعَنْ رَبِيعَةَ الْجُرَشِيِّ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: أُتِيَ نَبِيُّ اللهِ ، فَقِيلَ لَهُ: لِتَنَمْ عَيْنُكَ، وَلْتَسْمَعْ أُذُنُكَ، وَلْيَعْقِلْ قَلْبُكَ. قَالَ: فَنَامَتْ عَيْنِي وَسَمِعَتْ أُذُنَايَ وَعَقَلَ قَلْبِي. قَالَ: فَقِيلَ لِي: سَيِّدٌ بَنَى دَارًا فَصَنَعَ فِيْهَا مَأْدُبَةً، وَأَرْسَلَ دَاعِيًا، فَمَنْ أَجَابَ الدَّاعِيَ دَخَلَ الدَّارَ، وَأَكَلَ مِنَ الْمَأْدُبَةِ وَرَضِيَ عَنْهُ السَّيِّدُ. وَمَنْ لَمْ يُجِبِ الدَّاعِيَ لَمْ يَدْخُلِ الدَّارَ، وَلَمْ يَأْكُلْ مِنَ الْمَأْدُبَةِ وَسَخَطَ عَلَيْهِ السَّيِّدُ. قَالَ: فَاللّهُ السَّيِّدُ، وَمُحَمَّدٌ الدَّاعِي، وَالدَّارُ الْإِسْلَامُ، وَالْمَأْدُبَةُ الْجَنَّةُ. رَوَاهُ الدَّارِمِيُّ.
From Rabi'a al-Jurashi (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Prophet (peace be upon him) was approached, and it was said to him: "Let your eyes sleep, let your ears hear, and let your heart understand." He said: "My eyes slept, my ears heard, and my heart understood." Then it was said to me: "A master built a house and set up a banquet within it. He sent an invitation, and whoever responded to the invitation entered the house, ate from the banquet, and was pleased with the master. But whoever did not respond to the invitation did not enter the house, did not eat from the banquet, and the master was angry with him." I said: "Allah is the master, Muhammad is the inviter, the house is Islam, and the banquet is Paradise." [Narrated by al-Darimi.
وَعَنْ أَبِي رَافِع (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «لَا أُلْفِيَنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ مُتَّكِئًا عَلَى أَرِيْكَتِهِ يَأْتِيْهِ الْأَمْرُ مِنْ أَمْرِي مِمَّا أَمَرْتُ بِهِ أَوْ نَهَيْتُ عَنْهُ، فَيَقُوْلُ: لَا أَدْرِي مَا وَجَدْنَا فِي كِتَابِ اللهِ اتَّبَعْنَاهُ». رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالتَّرْمِذِيُّ وَابْنُ مَاجَه وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي »دَلَائِلِ النُّبُوَّةِ».
From Abu Rafi' (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Let none of you find himself reclining on his couch when a matter from my affairs, which I have commanded or prohibited, comes to him, and he says: 'We do not know, whatever we find in the Book of Allah, we follow it.'" [Narrated by Ahmad, Abu Dawood, Tirmidhi, Ibn Majah, and al-Bayhaqi in Dalail al-Nubuwwah.
وَعَنِ الْمِقْدَامِ بْنِ مَعْدِيْكَرِبَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ : «أَلَا إِنِّي أُوْتِيْتُ الْقُرْآنَ وَمِثْلَهُ مَعَهُ. أَلَا يُوْشِكُ رَجَلٌ شَبْعَانُ عَلَى أَرِيكَتِهِ، يَقُولُ: عَلَيْكُمْ بِهَذَا الْقُرْآنِ، فَمَا وَجَدْتُمْ فِيهِ مِنْ حَلَالٍ فَأَحِلُّوهُ، وَمَا وَجَدْتُمْ فِيهِ مِنْ حَرَامٍ فَحَرِّمُوهُ، وَإِنَّ مَا حَرَّمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ كَمَا حَرَّمَ اللهُ. أَلَا لَا يَحِلُّ لَكُمْ لَحْمُ الْحِمَارِ الْأَهْلِيِّ 1 وَلَا كُلُّ ذِي نَابٍ مِنَ السِّبَاعِ وَلَا لُقَطَةُ مُعَاهِدٍ إِلَّا أَنْ يَسْتَغْنِيَ عَنْهَا صَاحِبُهَا. وَمَنْ نَزَلَ بِقَوْمٍ فَعَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ يَقْرُوهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَقْرُوهُ فَلَهُ أَنْ يُعْقِبَهُمْ بِمِثْلِ قِرَاهُ. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ، وَرَوَى الدَّارِمِيُّ نَحْوَهُ، وَكَذَا ابْنُ مَاجَه إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: «كَمَا حَرَّمَ اللهُ».
From Al-Miqdam bin Ma'di Karib (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Indeed, I have been given the Qur'an, and something like it along with it. A man who is reclining on his couch will soon say: 'You should follow only this Qur'an. Whatever you find in it that is lawful, make it lawful, and whatever you find in it that is forbidden, make it forbidden. Indeed, what the Messenger of Allah has forbidden is like what Allah has forbidden.' Know that the flesh of the domesticated donkey is not lawful for you, nor is the flesh of any carnivorous animal with fangs, nor the property of a treaty-bound person, unless the owner becomes free from it. Whoever stays with a people, it is their duty to honor him, and if they do not honor him, he is allowed to retaliate by doing the same." [Narrated by Abu Dawood, and al-Darimi narrated something similar, and Ibn Majah up to the statement: "As Allah has forbidden."
The statement "ألا لا يحل لكم لحم الحمار الأهلي" (Know that the flesh of the domesticated donkey is not lawful for you) marks the beginning of a clarification based on the Sunnah, which does not have a direct mention in the Qur'an. This is not a specification but an example, as noted by al-Tibi.
As for the phrase "ولا لقطة معاهد" (nor the property of a treaty-bound person), the reason for specifying the property of a treaty-bound person is due to the special consideration for the covenant (عهد) that such individuals have. The reasoning behind this is that there might be a tendency for one to unjustly take possession of the property of a non-Muslim, who is a disbeliever, due to an assumption of their lack of rights. This interpretation is also found in the Mirqaat.
Ali al-Qari, may Allah have mercy on him, said: "His saying: 'They must honor him (i.e., provide hospitality) and if they do not, he may retaliate by giving them the same amount of hospitality' was in the early days of Islam. The command to take an equivalent amount of hospitality from the wealth of the host was one of the penalties that was abrogated with the obligation of Zakat."
Notes / الحواشي
2 His saying: “They must honor him…” This was in the early days of Islam when the Prophet ﷺ would send military expeditions for Jihad. They would pass through the Arab tribes’ settlements without any markets to buy food from and without provisions. Therefore, hospitality was made obligatory to ensure that they did not interrupt their journey for Jihad. However, as Islam became stronger and compassion and mercy grew among the people, the obligation was abrogated, and it remained as permissible and recommended. This was stated in “al-Mirqat.”
1 قوله : ألا لا يحل لكم الحمار الأهلي: شروع في بيان ما ثبت بالسنة، وليس له أثر في الكتاب على سبيل التمثيل لا التحديد، كذا قاله الطيبي. وقوله: ولا لقطة معاهد وجه التخصيص الاهتمام بشأن المعاهد لعهده؛ لأن النفس ربما تستأهل في لقطته؛ لكونه كافرا. كذا في «المرقاة».
وَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ الْقَارِي رَحِمَهُ اللهُ الْبَارِي: قَوْلُهُ: «فَعَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ يَقْرُوهُ۲ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَقْرُوْهُ فَلَهُ أَنْ يُعْقِبَهُمْ بِمِثْلِ قِرَاهُ كَانَ فِي بَدْءِ الْإِسْلَامِ، وَالْأَمْرُ بِأَخْذِ مِقْدَارِ الْقِرَى مِنْ مَالِ الْمَنْزُوْلِ بِهِ كَرْهًا كَانَ مِنْ جُمْلَةِ الْعُقُوْبَاتِ الَّتِي نُسِخَتْ بِوُجُوبِ الزَّكَاةِ.
۲ قوله: فعليهم أن يقروه إلخ: هذا كان في بدء الإسلام، فإنه كان يبعث الجيوش إلى الغزو، وكانوا يمرون في طريقهم بأحياء العرب ليس هناك سوق يشترون منه الطعام، ولا معهم زاد، فأوجب عليهم ضيافتهم؛ لئلا ينقطعوا عن الغزو. فلما قوي الإسلام، وغلبت الشفقة والرحمة على الناس، نسخ الوجوب وبقي الجواز والاستحباب. قاله في «المرقاة».
وَعَنِ الْعِرْبَاضِ بْنِ سَارِيَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ، فَقَالَ: «أَيَحْسَبُ أَحَدُكُمْ مُتَّكِئًا عَلَى أَرِيكَتِهِ يَظُنُّ أَنَّ اللهَ لَمْ يُحَرِّمْ شَيْئًا إِلَّا مَا فِي هَذَا الْقُرْآنِ. أَلَا وَإِنِّي وَاللّهِ ، قَدْ أَمَرْتُ وَوَعَظْتُ وَنَهَيْتُ عَنْ أَشْيَاءَ، إِنَّهَا لَمِثْلُ الْقُرْآنِ أَوْ أَكْثَرُ، وَإِنَّ اللهَ لَمْ يُحِلَّ لَكُمْ أَنْ تَدْخُلُوا بُيُوتَ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ، وَلَا ضَرْبَ نِسَائِهِمْ وَلَا أَكْلَ ثِمَارِهِمْ، إِذَا أَعْطَوْكُمُ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِمْ». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ.
Narrated Al-Irbad ibn Sariyah (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) stood up and said: "Does any one of you think, reclining on his couch, that Allah has not prohibited anything except what is in this Qur'an? Verily, by Allah, I have commanded, admonished, and prohibited things. They are like the Qur'an or even more. And indeed, Allah has not permitted you to enter the houses of the People of the Book except with permission, nor to strike their women, nor to eat their fruits unless they give you what is owed to them." [Narrated by Abu Dawood]
وَعَنْهُ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: صَلَّى بِنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ، ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْنَا بِوَجْهِهِ، فَوَعَظَنَا مَوْعِظَةً بَلِيْغَةً ذَرَفَتْ مِنْهَا الْعُيُونُ، وَوَجِلَتْ مِنْهَا القُلُوْبُ، فَقَالَ رَجَلٌ: يَا رَسُوْلَ اللهِ، كَأَنَّ هَذِهِ مَوْعِظَةُ مُوَدِّعٍ فَأَوْصِنَا. قَالَ: أُوصِيكُمْ بِتَقْوَى اللهِ وَالسَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ، وَإِنْ كَانَ عَبْدًا حَبَشِيًّا فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ يَعِشْ مِنْكُمْ بَعْدِي فَسَيَرَى اخْتِلَافًا كَثِيرًا، فَعَلَيْكُمْ بِسُنَّتِي سُنَّةِ الْخُلَفَاءِ الرَّاشِدِينَ الْمَهْدِيِّينَ، تَمَسَّكُوْا بِهَا وَعَضُّوا عَلَيْهَا بِالنَّوَاجِدِ، وَإِيَّاكُمْ وَمُحْدَثَاتِ الْأُمُورِ؛ فَإِنَّ كُلَّ مُحْدَثَةٍ بِدْعَةٌ، وَكُلَّ بِدْعَةٍ ضَلَالَةٌ. رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ التَّرْمِذِيُّ وَابْنُ مَاجَه، إِلَّا أَنَّهُمَا لَمْ يَذْكُرَا الصَّلَاةَ.
And from him (may Allah be pleased with him) who said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) led us in prayer one day, then he turned to us with his face and gave us an eloquent admonition, from which tears flowed and hearts trembled. A man said: "O Messenger of Allah, it seems as if this is a farewell advice. So advise us." He (ﷺ) said: "I advise you to fear Allah, listen, and obey, even if a black Abyssinian slave becomes your leader. Indeed, whoever lives after me will see many differences. So, you must follow my Sunnah and the Sunnah of the rightly guided Caliphs. Hold fast to it and bite onto it with your molars. And beware of newly introduced matters, for every innovation is a misguidance, and every misguidance is a deviation." [Narrated by Ahmad, Abu Dawood, Tirmidhi, and Ibn Majah, except they did not mention the prayer.]
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: خَطَّ لَنَا رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ خَطَّا، ثُمَّ قَالَ: هَذَا سَبِيْلُ اللهِ، ثُمَّ خَطَّ خُطُوْطًا عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَعَنْ شِمَالِهِ، وَقَالَ: هَذِهِ سُبُلٌ، عَلَى كُلِّ سَبِيلٍ مِنْهَا شَيْطَانٌ يَدْعُو إِلَيْهِ، وَقَرَأَ: {وَأَنَّ هَذَا صِرَاطِي مُسْتَقِيمًا فَاتَّبِعُوهُ} الْآيَةَ (الأنعام: ١٥٣). رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ النَّسَائِيُّ وَالدَّارِمِيُّ.
Narrated Abdullah ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) drew a line for us, then said: "This is the path of Allah." Then he drew several lines to the right and left of it and said: "These are the paths, and on each of them there is a devil calling to it." Then he recited the verse: {And indeed, this is my straight path, so follow it} (Al-An'am: 153). [Narrated by Ahmad, Nasai, and Darimi]
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْن عَمْرٍو (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «لَا يُؤْمِنُ أَحَدُكُمْ حَتَّى يَكُوْنَ هَوَاهُ تَبْعًا لِمَا جِئْتُ بِهِ». رَوَاهُ الْبَغَوِيُّ فِي «شَرْحِ السُّنَّةِ».
وَقَالَ النَّوَوِيُّ فِي أَرْبَعِيْنِهِ: هَذَا حَدِيْثُ صَحِيحٌ، رَوَيْنَاهُ فِي كِتَابِ الْحُجَّةِ بِإِسْنَادٍ صَحِيح.
Narrated Abdullah ibn Amr (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "None of you truly believes until his desires are in accordance with what I have brought." [Narrated by al-Baghawi in "Sharh al-Sunnah"]
وَعَنْ بَلَالِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ الْمُزَنِيِّ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَنْ أَحْيَا سُنَّةً مِنْ سُنَّتِي قَدْ أُمِيتَتْ بَعْدِي، فَإِنَّ لَهُ مِنَ الْأَجْرِ مِثْلَ مَنْ عَمِلَ بِهَا مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَنْقُصَ مِنْ أُجُورِهِمْ شَيْئًا، وَمَنِ ابْتَدَعَ بِدْعَةَ ضَلَالَةٍ لَا يَرْضَاهَا اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ مِثْلُ آثَامِ مَنْ عَمِلَ بِهَا لَا يَنْقُصُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ أَوْزَارِ النَّاسِ شَيْئًا». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.
Narrated Bilal ibn Harith al-Muzani (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Whoever revives a Sunnah of mine that has been neglected after me, will have the reward of those who act upon it, without diminishing their rewards in any way. And whoever innovates a misguided innovation, which neither Allah nor His Messenger are pleased with, will have the burden of the sins of those who act upon it, without diminishing the sins of the people in any way." [Narrated by Tirmidhi]
وَعَنْ عَمْرِو بنِ عَوْفٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «إِنَّ الدِّينَ لَيَأْرِزُ إِلَى الحِجَازِ كَمَا تَأْرِزُ الْحَيَّةُ إِلَى جُحْرِهَا، وَلَيَعْقِلَنَّ الدِّينُ مِنَ الْحِجَازِ مَعْقِلَ الْأُرْوِيَّةِ مِنْ رَأْسِ الْجَبَلِ. إِنَّ الدِّينَ بَدَأَ غَرِيبًا وَسَيَعُوْدُ كَمَا بَدَأَ. فَطُوبَى لِلْغُرَبَاءِ، وَهُمُ الَّذِينَ يُصْلِحُوْنَ مَا أَفْسَدَ النَّاسُ مِنْ بَعْدِي مِنْ سُنَّتِي». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.
Narrated Amr ibn Awf (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Indeed, religion will return to the Hijaz, just as the snake returns to its hole. And religion will be preserved in the Hijaz, just as the 'Urwah (a type of wild goat) is preserved on the top of the mountain. Religion began as something strange, and it will return to being strange. So, blessed are the strangers, those who will reform what the people corrupted of my Sunnah after me." [Narrated by Tirmidhi]
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «لَيَأْتِيَنَّ عَلَى أُمَّتِي كَمَا أَتَى عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ، حَذْوَ النَّعْلِ بِالنَّعْلِ ، حَتَّى إِنْ كَانَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ أَتَى أُمَّهُ عَلَانِيَةً لَكَانَ فِي أُمَّتِي مَنْ يَصْنَعُ ذَلِكَ، وَإِنَّ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ تَفَرَّقَتْ عَلَى ثِنْتَيْنِ وَسَبْعِينَ مِلَّةً، وَتَفْتَرِقُ أُمَّتِي عَلَى ثَلَاثٍ وَسَبْعِينَ مِلَّةً كُلُّهُمْ فِي النَّارِ إِلَّا مَلَّةً وَاحِدَةً». قَالُوا: مَنْ هِيَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ: «مَا أَنَا عَلَيْهِ وَأَصْحَابِي». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.
وَفِي رِوَايَةِ أَحْمَدَ وَأَبِي دَاوُدَ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ : «ثِنْتَانِ وَسَبْعُوْنَ فِي النَّارِ، وَوَاحِدَةٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ، وَهِيَ الْجَمَاعَةُ. وَإِنَّهُ سَيَخْرُجُ فِي أُمَّتِي أَقْوَامٌ تَتَجَارَى بِهِمْ تِلْكَ الْأَهْوَاءُ كَمَا يَتَجَارَى الْكَلَبُ بِصَاحِبِهِ، لَا يَبْقَى مِنْهُ عِرْقٌ وَلَا مَفْصِلٌ إِلَّا دَخَلَهُ».
Narrated Abdullah ibn Amr (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "There will come upon my Ummah what came upon the Children of Israel, so much so that if among them there was one who openly committed an immoral act with his mother, there will be among my Ummah those who do the same. The Children of Israel split into seventy-two sects, and my Ummah will split into seventy-three sects, all of them in the Fire except one." They asked: "Which one is that, O Messenger of Allah?" He replied: "The one I and my companions are upon." [Narrated by Tirmidhi]
And in the narration of Ahmad and Abu Dawood from Muawiyah: "Seventy-two of them will be in the Fire and one in Paradise, and that is the Jama'ah. And indeed, there will emerge from my Ummah some people who will be swept away by those desires, just as the dog is swept by its master, and not a single vein or joint will be left in them except that it will be affected."
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «إِنَّ اللهَ لَا يَجْمَعُ أُمَّتِي - أَوْ قَالَ: أُمَّةَ مُحَمَّدٍ - عَلَى ضَلَالَةٍ، وَيَدُ اللهِ عَلَى الْجَمَاعَةِ، وَمَنْ شَدَّ شَدَّ فِي النَّارِ». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.
Narrated Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Indeed, Allah will never unite my Ummah: or he said, the Ummah of Muhammad: on misguidance, and the hand of Allah is upon the Jama'ah, and whoever separates himself will be in the Fire." [Narrated by Tirmidhi]
وَعَنْهُ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «اتَّبِعُوا السَّوَادَ الْأَعْظَمَ؛ فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ شَدَّ شَدَّ فِي النَّارِ». رَوَاهُ ابْنُ مَاجَه.
Narrated Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Follow the larger group, for indeed, whoever separates himself will be in the Fire." [Narrated by Ibn Majah]
وَعَنْهُ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ : «يَا بُنَيَّ، إِنْ قَدَرْتَ أَنْ تُصْبِحَ وَتُمْسِيَ، وَلَيْسَ فِي قَلْبِكَ غَشٌّ لِأَحَدٍ فَافْعَلْ». ثُمَّ قَالَ: «يَا بُنَيَّ، وَذَلِكَ مِنْ سُنَّتِي، وَمَنْ أَحَبَّ سُنَّتِي فَقَدْ أَحَبَّنِي، وَمَنْ أَحَبَّنِي كَانَ مَعِي فِي الْجَنَّةِ». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.
Narrated Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "O my son, if you can wake up in the morning and evening without any malice in your heart towards anyone, then do so." Then he said: "O my son, this is part of my Sunnah, and whoever loves my Sunnah loves me, and whoever loves me will be with me in Paradise." [Narrated by Tirmidhi]
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَنْ تَمَسَّكَ بِسُنَّتِي عِنْدَ فَسَادِ أُمَّتِي فَلَهُ أَجْرُ مِائَةِ شَهِيْدٍ». رَوَاهُ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي كِتَابِ الزُّهْدِ لَهُ.
Narrated Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Whoever holds fast to my Sunnah at the time of corruption in my Ummah will have the reward of a hundred martyrs." [Narrated by Al-Bayhaqi in his book "Zuhd"]
وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ (رضي الله عنه) عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ حِيْنَ أَتَاهُ عُمَرُ، فَقَالَ: إِنَّا نَسْمَعُ أَحَادِيثَ مِنْ يَهُودَ تُعْجِبُنَا، أَفَتَرَى أَنْ نَكْتُبَ بَعْضَهَا؟ فَقَالَ: «أَمْتَهَوِّكُونَ أَنْتُمْ كَمَا تَهَوَّكَتِ الْيَهُودُ وَالنَّصَارَى، لَقَدْ جِئْتُكُمْ بِهَا بَيْضَاءَ نَقِيَّةً، وَلَوْ كَانَ مُوسَى حَيًّا مَا وَسِعَهُ إِلَّا اتَّبَاعِي». رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي «شُعَبِ الْإِيْمَانِ».
Narrated Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him): When Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said: "We hear some narrations from the Jews that amaze us, do you think we should write some of them?" He (ﷺ) replied: "Are you trying to become like the Jews and Christians? I have brought to you something pure and clear. If Musa (Moses) were alive, he would have no choice but to follow me." [Narrated by Ahmad and Al-Bayhaqi in "Shu'ab al-Iman"]
وَعَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَنْ أَكَلَ طَيِّبًا وَعَمِلَ فِي سُنَّةٍ وَأَمِنَ النَّاسُ بَوَائِقَهُ دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ». فَقَالَ رَجَلٌ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِنَّ هَذَا الْيَوْمَ لَكَثِيرٌ في النَّاسِ. قَالَ: «وَسَيَكُوْنُ فِي قُرُوْنٍ بَعْدِي». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.
Narrated Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Whoever eats what is pure, works according to the Sunnah, and the people are safe from his evil, will enter Paradise." A man said: "O Messenger of Allah, this is rare among the people." He replied: "It will be common in the generations to come." [Narrated by Tirmidhi]
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «إِنَّكُمْ فِي زَمَانٍ مَنْ تَرَكَ مِنْكُمْ عُشْرَ مَا أُمِرَ بِهِ هَلَكَ، ثُمَّ يَأْتِي زَمَانٌ مَنْ عَمِلَ مِنْهُمْ بِعُشْرِ مَا أُمِرَ بِهِ نَجَا». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.
Narrated Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "You are living in a time where anyone who abandons one-tenth of what he has been commanded will perish, and then there will come a time where anyone who practices one-tenth of what he has been commanded will be saved." [Narrated by Tirmidhi]
وَعَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَا ضَلَّ قَوْمٌ بَعْدَ هُدًى كَانُوا عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا أُوتُوا الْجَدَلَ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ: {مَا ضَرَبُوهُ لَكَ إِلَّا جَدَلًا بَلْ هُمْ قَوْمٌ خَصِمُونَ 58} (الزخرف : ٥٨). رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَالتَّرْمِذِيُّ وَابْنُ مَاجَه.
Narrated Abu Umama (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "A people will never go astray after having been guided except that they will engage in arguments." Then the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) recited the verse: "They did not strike it for you except as an argument. Rather, they are a people of dispute." (Az-Zukhruf: 58) [Narrated by Ahmad, Tirmidhi, and Ibn Majah]
وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ (رضي الله عنه): أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ يَقُوْلُ: «لَا تُشَدِّدُوْا عَلَى أَنْفُسِكُمْ فَيُشَدِّدُ اللهُ عَلَيْكُمْ؛ فَإِنَّ قَوْمًا شَدَّدُوْا عَلَى أَنْفُسِهُمْ ، فَشَدَّدَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِمْ، فَتِلْكَ بَقَايَاهُمْ في الصَّوَامِعِ وَالدِّيَارِ، رَهْبَانِيَّةً ابْتَدَعُوْهَا، مَا كَتَبْنَاهَا عَلَيْهِمْ». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ.
Narrated Anas (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to say: "Do not make things difficult for yourselves, for Allah will make things difficult for you. A people made things difficult for themselves, so Allah made things difficult for them. That is why their remnants are found in their monasteries and their homes, a form of monasticism they innovated, which We did not prescribe for them." [Narrated by Abu Dawood]
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «نَزَلَ الْقُرْآنُ عَلَى خَمْسَةِ أَوْجُهِ: حَلَالٌ وَحَرَامٌ وَمُحْكَمٌ وَمُتَشَابِهٌ وَأَمْثَالٌ. فَأَحِلُّوْا الخَلَالَ وَحَرَّمُوا الْحَرَامَ، وَاعْمَلُوا بِالْمُحْكَمِ، وَآمِنُوا بِالْمُتَشَابِهِ، وَاعْتَبِرُوا بِالْأَمْثَالِ». هَذَا لَفْظُ الْمَصَابِيحِ، وَرَوَى البَيْهَقِيُّ فِي «شُعَبِ الْإِيْمَانِ» وَلَفْظُهُ: «فَاعْمَلُوا بِالْحَلَالِ، وَاجْتَنِبُوا الْحَرَامَ، وَاتَّبِعُوا الْمُحْكَمَ».
Narrated Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "The Qur'an has descended in five ways: lawful, unlawful, clear, ambiguous, and parables. So, make the lawful lawful and the unlawful unlawful, act upon the clear verses, believe in the ambiguous ones, and take heed from the parables." This is the narration of Al-Masabih, and Al-Bayhaqi narrated it in "Shu'ab al-Iman" with the wording: "Act upon the lawful, avoid the unlawful, and follow the clear."
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «الْأَمْرُ ثَلَاثَةٌ: أَمْرٌ بَيِّنٌ رُشْدُهُ، فَاتَّبِعْهُ. وَأَمْرٌ بَيِّنٌ غَيُّهُ، فَاجْتَنِبْهُ. وَأَمْرٌ اخْتُلِفَ فِيْهِ، فَكِلْهُ إِلَى اللهِ عَزَّوَجَلَّ». رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ.
Narrated Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "There are three types of matters: a matter whose right is clear, so follow it; a matter whose wrong is clear, so avoid it; and a matter about which there is disagreement, so leave it to Allah, the Almighty." [Narrated by Ahmad]
وَعَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: "إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ ذِئْبُ الْإِنْسَانِ كَذِئْبِ الْغَنَمِ، يَأْخُذُ الشَّاذَّةَ وَالْقَاصِيَةَ وَالنَّاحِيَةَ، وَإِيَّاكُمْ وَالشِّعَابَ، وَعَلَيْكُمْ بالْجَمَاعَةِ وَالْعَامَّةِ». رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ.
Narrated Mu'adh ibn Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Indeed, Satan is like a wolf to the human being, just as a wolf is to the sheep. He takes the stray, the isolated, and the weak. Beware of the paths of misguidance, and adhere to the community and the common folk." [Narrated by Ahmad]
وَعَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَنْ فَارَقَ الْجَمَاعَةَ شِبْرًا فَقَدْ خَلَعَ رِبْقَةَ الْإِسْلَامِ مِنْ عُنُقِهِ». رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ.
Narrated Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Whoever separates from the congregation by a handspan has removed the yoke of Islam from his neck." [Narrated by Ahmad and Abu Dawood]
وَعَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ مُرْسَلًا قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «تَرَكْتُ فِيْكُمْ أَمْرَيْنِ لَنْ تَضِلُّوْا مَا تَمَسَّكْتُمْ بِهِمَا: كِتَابَ اللهِ وَسُنَّةَ رَسُوْلِهِ». كَذَا فِي «الْمُوَطَّأَ».
Narrated Malik ibn Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) as a mursal report: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "I have left among you two matters, as long as you hold fast to them, you will never go astray: the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of His Messenger." [Narrated in "Al-Muwatta."
وَعَنْ غُضَيْفِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ الثَّمَالِيِّ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَا أَحْدَثَ قَوْمٌ بِدْعَةً إِلَّا رُفِعَ مِثْلُهَا مِنَ السُّنَّةِ، فَتَمَسُّكٌ بِسُنَّةٍ خَيْرٌ مِنْ إِحْدَاثِ بِدْعَةٍ». رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ.
Narrated Ghudayfah ibn al-Harith al-Thamali (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "No people have innovated a bid'ah (innovation) except that something similar to it is removed from the Sunnah. So adhering to the Sunnah is better than innovating a bid'ah." [Narrated by Ahmad]
وَعَنْ حَسَّانٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: «مَا ابْتَدَعَ قَوْمٌ بِدْعَةً فِي دِينِهِمْ إِلَّا نَزَعَ اللهُ مِنْ سُنَّتِهِمْ مِثْلَهَا، ثُمَّ لَا يُعِيدُهَا إِلَيْهِمْ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ». رَوَاهُ الدَّارِمِيُّ.
Narrated Hassan (may Allah be pleased with him): "No people have innovated a bid'ah in their religion except that Allah removes something of the Sunnah similar to it, and then does not restore it to them until the Day of Judgment." [Narrated by Darimi]
وَعَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مَيْسَرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَنْ وَقَّرَ صَاحِبَ بِدْعَةٍ فَقَدْ أَعَانَ عَلَى هَدْمِ الْإِسْلَامِ». رَوَاهُ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي شُعَبِ الْإِيْمَانِ مُرْسَلًا.
Narrated Ibrahim ibn Maysarah: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Whoever honors a person of bid'ah has aided in the destruction of Islam." [Narrated by Al-Bayhaqi in "Shu'ab al-Iman," mursal]
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: مَنْ تَعَلَّمَ كِتَابَ اللهِ، ثُمَّ اتَّبَعَ مَا فِيْهِ، هَدَاهُ اللهُ مِنَ الضَّلَالَةِ فِي الدُّنْيَا، وَوَقَاهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ سُوْءَ الْحِسَابِ.
وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ قَالَ: مَنِ اقْتَدَى كِتَابَ اللهِ لَا يَضِلُّ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَلَا يَشْقَى فِي الْآخِرَةِ، ثُمَّ تَلَا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ: {فَمَنِ اتَّبَعَ هُدَايَ فَلَا يَضِلُّ وَلَا يَشْقَى} (طه: ۱۲۳). رَوَاهُ رَزِينٌ.
Narrated Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him): "Whoever learns the Book of Allah, then follows what is in it, Allah will guide him from misguidance in this world, and protect him from the evil reckoning on the Day of Judgment." In another narration, he said: "Whoever follows the Book of Allah will not go astray in this world nor will he be miserable in the Hereafter," then he recited the verse: {And whoever follows My guidance will not go astray and will not be miserable} (Taha: 123). [Narrated by Razin]
وَعَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ (رضي الله عنه): أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ: «ضَرَبَ اللهُ مَثَلًا صِرَاطًا مُسْتَقِيمًا، عَنْ جَنْبَتَي الصِّرَاطِ سُوْرَانِ، فِيهِمَا أَبْوَابٌ مُفَتَّحَةٌ، وَعَلَى الْأَبْوَابِ سُتُورٌ مُرْخَاةٌ، وَعِنْدَ رَأْسِ الصِّرَاطِ دَاعٍ يَقُوْلُ: اسْتَقِيمُوا عَلَى الصِّرَاطِ وَلَا تَعْوَجُوْا وَفَوْقَ ذَلِكَ دَاعٍ يَدْعُو، كُلَّمَا هَمَّ عَبْدٌ أَنْ يَفْتَحَ شَيْئًا مِنْ تِلْكَ الْأَبْوَابِ قَالَ: وَيْحَكَ لَا تَفْتَحْهُ؛ فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ تَفْتَحْهُ تَلِجْهُ».
ثُمَّ فَسَّرَهُ، فَأَخْبَرَ أَنَّ الصِّرَاطَ هُوَ الْإِسْلَامُ، وَأَنَّ الْأَبْوَابَ الْمُفَتَّحَةَ مَحَارِمُ اللهِ، وَأَنَّ السُّتُوْرَ الْمُرْخَاةَ حُدُودُ اللهِ، وَأَنَّ الدَّاعِيَ عَلَى رَأْسِ الصِّرَاطِ هُوَ الْقُرْآنُ، وَأَنَّ الدَّاعِيَ مِنْ فَوْقِهِ هُوَ وَاعِظُ اللهِ فِي قَلْبِ كُلِّ مُؤْمِنٍ». رَوَاهُ رَزِينٌ، وَرَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي «شُعَبِ لْإِيْمَانِ» عَنِ النَّوَاسِ بْنِ سَمْعَانَ ، وَكَذَا التِّرْمِذِيُّ عَنْهُ، إِلَّا أَنَّهُ ذَكَرَ أَخْصَرَ مِنْهُ.
Narrated Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Allah has set forth a parable of a straight path. On both sides of the path, there are two walls, and within them are open doors with curtains hanging over them. At the head of the path, there is a caller who says: 'Stay straight on the path and do not deviate.' Above that, there is another caller who calls: 'Whenever a servant is about to open one of these doors, he is warned: 'Woe to you! Do not open it, for if you open it, you will enter.'" Then the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) explained: "The path is Islam, the open doors represent the prohibitions of Allah, the curtains are the limits set by Allah, the caller at the head of the path is the Qur'an, and the caller from above is the admonisher of Allah in the heart of every believer." [Narrated by Razin, Ahmad, Al-Bayhaqi in "Shu'ab al-Iman" from Nawwas ibn Sam'an, and also narrated by Tirmidhi, though he mentioned a shorter version]
وَعَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: مَنْ كَانَ مُسْتَنَّا فَلْيَسْتَنَّ بِمَنْ قَدْ مَاتَ؛ فَإِنَّ الْحَيَّ لَا تُؤْمَنُ عَلَيْهِ الفِتْنَةُ. أُوْلَئِكَ أَصْحَابُ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ ، كَانُوا أَفْضَلَ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ، أَبَرُّهَا قُلُوْبًا، وَأَعْمَقُهَا عِلْمًا، وَأَقَلُّهَا تَكَلُّفًا. اِخْتَارَهُمُ اللهُ لِصُحْبَةِ نَبِيِّهِ وَلِإِقَامَةِ دِينِهِ، فَاعْرِفُوْا لَهُمْ فَضْلَهُمْ، وَاتَّبِعُوهُمْ عَلَى أَثَرِهِمْ، وَتَمَسَّكُوْا بِمَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ مِنْ أَخْلَاقِهِمْ وَسِيَرِهِمْ؛ فَإِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا عَلَى الْهُدَى الْمُسْتَقِيمِ. رَوَاهُ رَزِينُ.
Narrated Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him): "Whoever seeks to follow a good example should follow those who have passed away, for the living are not safe from trials. Those who were companions of Muhammad (ﷺ) were the best of this nation: they had the purest hearts, the deepest knowledge, and the least affectation. Allah chose them for the companionship of His Prophet and for the establishment of His religion. Recognize their virtue, follow their example, and cling to as much as you can of their character and way of life, for they were on the straight path." [Narrated by Razin]
وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ (رضي الله عنه): أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَابِ الله أَتَى رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بِنُسْخَةٍ مِنَ التَّوْرَاةِ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، هَذِهِ نُسْخَةٌ مِنَ التَّوْرَاةِ. فَسَكَتَ، فَجَعَلَ يَقْرَأُ وَوَجْهُ رَسُوْلِ اللهِ ﷺ يَتَغَيَّرُ ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : ثَكِلَتْكَ الثَوَاكِلُ، مَا تَرَى مَا بِوَجْهِ رَسُوْلِ اللهِ ﷺ ، فَنَظَرَ عُمَرُ إِلَى وَجْهِ رَسُوْلِ اللهِ ﷺ ، فَقَالَ: أَعُوْذُ بِاللّهِ مِنْ غَضَبِ اللهِ وَغَضَبِ رَسُوْلِهِ، رَضِيْنَا بِاللهِ رَبًّا، وَبِالْإِسْلَامِ دِينًا، وَبِمُحَمَّدٍ نَبِيًّا. فَقَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ، لَوْ بَدَا لَكُمْ مُوسَى فَاتَّبِعْتُمُوهُ وَتَرَكْتُمُونِي لَضَلَلْتُمْ عَنْ سَوَاءِ السَّبِيْلِ، وَلَوْ كَانَ حَيًّا وَأَدْرَكَ نُبُوَّتِي لَا تَّبَعَنِي». رَوَاهُ الدَّارِمِيُّ.
Narrated Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him): Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) brought a copy of the Torah to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and said: "O Messenger of Allah, this is a copy of the Torah." The Prophet (ﷺ) remained silent, and his face began to change. Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "May your mother grieve for you! Do you not see what is happening on the face of the Messenger of Allah?" Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) then looked at the face of the Prophet (ﷺ) and said: "I seek refuge in Allah from His anger and the anger of His Messenger. We are pleased with Allah as our Lord, with Islam as our religion, and with Muhammad as our Prophet." The Prophet (ﷺ) then said: "By Him in Whose hand is the soul of Muhammad, if you had followed Moses and left me, you would have gone astray from the right path. And if Moses were alive and had reached my prophethood, he would have certainly followed me." [Narrated by al-Darimi]
وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: كَلَامِي لَا يَنْسَخُ كَلَامَ اللهِ 1 ، وَكَلَامُ اللهِ يَنْسَخُ كَلَامِي، وَكَلَامُ اللهِ يَنْسَخُ بَعْضُهُ بَعْضًا. رَوَاهُ الدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ.
وَقَالَ الشَّيْخُ فِي «اللَّمْعَاتِ»: وَقَدْ ثَبَتَ عِنْدَ الْحَنَفِيَّةِ أَنَّ الْحَدِيثَ يَكُوْنُ نَاسِخًا لِلْكِتَابِ فَالْمُرَادُ بِـ «كَلَامِي» فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيْثِ أَيْ مَا أَقُوْلُهُ اجْتِهَادًا أَوْ رَأْيًا. وَلَوْ حُمِلَ قَوْلُهُ ﷺ : «كَنَسْخِ الْقُرْآنِ» فِي الْحَدِيْثِ الْآتِي عَلَى مَعْنَى نَسْخِ الْأَحَادِيثِ الْقُرْآنَ بِإِضَافَةِ الْمَصْدَرِ إِلَى الْمَفْعُوْلِ لَثَبَتَ الْحَدِيثُ نَاسِخًا لِلْكِتَابِ.
Narrated Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "My words do not abrogate the words of Allah, and the words of Allah abrogate my words, and the words of Allah abrogate some of each other." [Narrated by al-Daraqutni]
Notes / الحواشي
The scholar in "Al-Lam'aat" explained that according to the Hanafi school, this hadith refers to words that are opinions or ijtihad of the Prophet (ﷺ), not the Qur'an itself. The concept of abrogation here does not necessarily apply to the Qur'an alone but also to the prophetic sayings in the context of legal rulings.
The discussion you've shared elaborates on the concept of abrogation (نسخ) in Islamic jurisprudence, particularly with reference to the Qur'an and the Sunnah (Prophet’s sayings). It explains that both the Qur'an and the Sunnah can abrogate each other, and there are four possible combinations of abrogation: Qur'an abrogating the Qur'an, Sunnah abrogating the Sunnah, Qur'an abrogating Sunnah, and Sunnah abrogating Qur'an. This is a point of difference with the Shafi'i school, which holds that only the Qur'an can abrogate the Qur'an, and only the Sunnah can abrogate the Sunnah.
The hadith "My words do not abrogate the words of Allah" refers to the Prophet (ﷺ) mentioning his personal opinions or ijtihad (reasoning). These personal opinions are not considered as abrogating the Qur'an, but the Sunnah, when firmly established by revelation, can abrogate certain verses of the Qur'an.
Examples of abrogation include the direction of prayer (Qibla), where initially the Prophet directed prayers towards Jerusalem but later the Qur'an abrogated that ruling, directing prayers towards Makkah. Another example is the changing ruling on visiting graves, where the Prophet initially prohibited it but later permitted it.
The conversation also touches on how the Sunnah and Qur'an work together, with the Prophet’s words and actions complementing the Qur’an, sometimes explaining it in greater detail or abrogating or modifying certain earlier laws.
There is also a clarification on the issue of prostration (Sujood). The original practice of prostrating to Adam (عليه السلام) by the angels was for honor, not worship. Later, this practice was abrogated, and a new rule was established where, if prostration was to occur, it would be for a wife to show respect and honor to her husband.
This discussion highlights the depth of Islamic legal thought, where rulings evolve over time based on both the Qur'an and Sunnah, ensuring they suit the changing circumstances of society.
1 قوله: كلامي لا ينسخ كلام الله إلخ إنما يجوز النسخ بالكتاب والسنة متفقا ومختلفًا، فيجوز نسخ الكتاب بالكتاب والسنة، وكذا يجوز نسخ السنة بالسنة والكتاب، فهي أربع صور عندنا أي نسخ الكتاب بالكتاب، ونسخ السنة بالسنة، ونسخ الكتاب بالسنة، ونسخ السنة بالكتاب، خلافًا للشافعي في المختلف، فلا يجوز عنده إلا نسخ الكتاب بالكتاب والسنة بالسنة. قلنا: لما كان النسخ بيان مدة الحكم المطلق، جاز أن يبيّن الله مدة كلام رسوله، أو رسوله مدة كلام ربه.
وقوله : «كلامي لا ينسخ كلام الله يؤيد ظاهرا مذهب الشافعي، ولكن المراد به ما أقوله اجتهادا أو رأيا، هذا كلامه لا ينسخ كلام الله، وغيره من الأحاديث الثابتة بالوحي يكون ناسخًا للكتاب، ويؤيده قوله : كنسخ القرآن في الحديث الآتي على معنى نسخ الأحاديث القرآن بإضافة المصدر إلى المفعول، فمثاله: نسخ الوصية للوالدين والأقربين بقوله (عليه السلام): لا وصية لوارث. وأجيب بأن الناسخ إنما هو آية الميراث، وفيه بحث؛ إذ الكلام في الوصية لا في مقدار الموصى به. ومن هذا القبيل قوله (عليه السلام): نحن معاشر الأنبياء لا نورث. هذا هو النوع الأول.
والنوع الثاني: وكلام الله ينسخ كلامي، وهذا يؤيد مذهب أبي حنيفة في الجواز، خلافًا للشافعي. ومثاله: نسخ التوجه إلى بيت المقدس؛ فإنه ﷺ كان متوجها إلى الكعبة، ثم تحوّل إلى بيت المقدس بالسنة، ثم نسخ بقوله تعالى: {فَوَلِّ وَجْهَكَ شَطْرَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ} (البقرة: ١٤٤).
والنوع الثالث: «وكلام الله ينسخ بعضه بعضا»، وهذا لا خلاف فيه، كآيات المسالمة بآيات القتال.
بقي في الحديث قسم رابع، وهو نسخ السنة بالسنة، وجوازه متفق عليه. مثاله: كنت نهيتكم عن زيارة القبور، ألا فزوروها.
فاجتمع في هذا الحديث الناسخ والمنسوخ، وهو مستفاد من الحديث الآتي، وهو قوله : «أحاديثنا ينسخ بعضها بعضًا». التقطته من «نور الأنوار» و«قمر الأقمار» و«اللمعات» و «المرقاة».
وقال في «رد المحتار»: اختلفوا في سجود الملائكة، قيل: كان لله تعالى، والتوجه إلى آدم للتشريف كاستقبال الكعبة، وقيل: بل لآدم على وجه التحية والإكرام، ثم نسخ بقوله (عليه السلام) : لو أمرت أحدًا أن يسجد لأحد لأمرت المرأة أن تسجد لزوجها. «التاتارخانية».
قال في «تبيين المحارم»: والصحيح الثاني، ولم يكن عبادة له، بل تحِيَّةً وإكرامًا، ولذا امتنع عنه إبليس، وكان جائزا فيما مضى، كما في قصة يوسف. قال أبو منصور الماتريدي: وفيه دليل على نسخ الكتاب بالسنة.
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «إِنَّ أَحَادِيثَنَا يَنْسَخُ بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا كَنَسْخِ الْقُرْآنِ». رَوَاهُ الدَّارَ قُطْنِيُّ.
Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with both of them) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Indeed, some of our sayings abrogate others, just as the Qur'an abrogates itself." [Narrated by Al-Daraqutni]
وَعَنْ أَبِي ثَعْلَبَةَ الْخُشَنِي (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «إِنَّ اللهَ فَرَضَ فَرَائِضَ فَلَا تُضَيِّعُوْهَا، وَحَرَّمَ حُرُمَاتٍ فَلَا تَنْتَهِكُوْهَا، وَحَدَّ حُدُودًا فَلَا تَعْتَدُوْهَا، وَسَكَتَ عَنْ أَشْيَاءَ مِنْ غَيْرِ نِسْيَانٍ فَلَا تَبْحَثُوا عَنَهَا». رَوَاهُ الدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ.
Abu Tha'labah Al-Khushani (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Indeed, Allah has prescribed obligations, so do not neglect them. He has set limits, so do not transgress them. He has forbidden certain things, so do not violate them. And He has remained silent about some matters out of mercy and not forgetfulness, so do not probe into them." [Narrated by Al-Daraqutni]