كتاب القدرThe Decree

Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'z-Zinad from al-Araj from

Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant

him peace, said, "Adam and Musa argued and Adam got the better of

Musa. Musa rebuked Adam, 'You are Adam who led people astray and

brought them out of the Garden.' Adam said to him, 'You are Musa to

whom Allah gave knowledge of everything and whom he chose above people

with His message.' He said, 'Yes.' He said, 'Do you then censure me

for a matter which was decreed for me before I was created?' "

Yahya related to me from Malik from Zayd ibn Abi Unaysa that Abd

al-Hamid ibn Abd ar-Rahman ibn Zayd ibn al-Khattab informed him from

Muslim ibn Yasar al-Juhani that Umar ibn al-Khattab was asked about

this ayat - "When your Lord took their progeny from the Banu Adam from

their backs and made them testify against themselves. 'Am I not your

Lord?' They said, 'Yes, we bear witness'

Lest you should say

on the Day of Rising, 'We were heedless of that.'" (Sura 7 ayat 172)

Umar ibn al-Khattab said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah

bless him and grant him peace, being asked about it. The Messenger of

Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Allah, the

Blessed, the Exalted, created Adam. Then He stroked his back with His

right hand, and progeny issued from it. He said, "I created these for

the Garden and they will act with the behaviour of the people of the

Garden." Then He stroked his back again and brought forth progeny from

him. He said, "I created these for the Fire and they will act with the

behaviour of the people of the Fire." 'A man said, 'Messenger of

Allah! Then of what value are deeds?' The Messenger of Allah, may

Allah bless him and grant him peace, answered, 'When Allah creates a

slave for the Garden, he makes him use the behaviour of the people of

the Garden, so that he dies on one of the actions of the people of the

Garden and by it He brings him into the Garden. When He creates a

slave for the Fire, He makes him use the behaviour of the people of

the Fire, so that he dies on one of the actions of the people of the

Fire, and by it, He brings him into the Fire.' "

Yahya related to me from Malik that he heard that the Messenger

of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "I have left

two matters with you. As long as you hold to them, you will not go the

wrong way. They are the Book of Allah and the Sunna of His Prophet."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Ziyad ibn Sad from Amr ibn

Muslim that Tawus al-Yamani said, "I found some of the companions of

the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,

saying 'Everything is by decree.' " Tawus added, "I heard Abdullah ibn

Umar say that The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant

him peace. said, 'Everything is by decree - even incapacity and

ability,' (or 'ability and incapacity')."

Malik related to me from Ziyad ibn Sad that Amr ibn Dinar said,

"I heard Abdullah ibn az-Zubayr say in a khutba, 'Allah - He is the

Guider and the One Who Tempts Away.' "

Yahya related to me from Malik that his paternal uncle, Abu

Suhayl ibn Malik said, "I was a prisoner with Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz. He

said, 'What do you think about these Qadariyya (fatalists)?' I said,

'My opinion is that one should ask them to turn from wrong action, if

they will do so. If not, subject them to the sword.' Umar ibn Abd al-

Aziz said, 'That is my opinion.

Malik added, "That is my

opinion also."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'z-Zinad from al-Araj from

Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant

him peace, said, "A woman should not ask for the divorce of her sister

to make her plate empty and in order to marry. She has what is decreed

for her."

Yahya related to me from Malik from Yazid ibn Ziyad that Muhammad

ibn Kab al-Quradhi said, ''Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan said from the

mimbar, 'O people! Nothing keeps away what Allah gives and nothing

gives what Allah keeps away. The earnestness of the earnest one does

not profit him. When Allah desires good for him, he gives him

understanding in the deen.' Then Muawiya said, 'I heard these words

from the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,

on these blocks of wood.' "

Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that this was

said "Praise be to Allah who created everything as is necessary, who

does not hasten anything He defers and determines. Allah is enough for

me and sufficient. Allah hears whoever makes dua to him. Allah does

not have a goal."

Yahya related to me from Malik that he heard that this was said

"No one will die until his provision is completed for him, so behave

correctly in your seeking it."