بَابُ الدَّعَوَاتِ الْمُتَفَرِّقَةِ فِي الْأَوْقَاتِVarious Supplications for Different Occasions
۱قوله: الدعوات المتفرقة في الأوقات واعلم أن كل ما ورد من الشارع في زمن أو حال مخصوص يسن لكل أحد أن يأتي به لذلك، ولو مرة للاتباع. قاله في «المرقاة».
وَقَوْلِاللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: ﴿يَذْكُرُونَ اللَّهَ قِيَامًا وَقُعُودًا وَعَلَى جُنُوبِهِمْ (آل عمران: ۱۹۱)
1 The statement "Various supplications for different occasions" - Know that whatever has been prescribed by the Lawgiver for specific times or situations should be practiced by everyone at least once to follow the Sunnah. As mentioned in Al-Mirqat.
عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ (رضي الله عنهما)قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «لَوْ أَنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ أَهْلَهُ قَالَ: بِاسْمِ اللهِ اللَّهُمَّ جَنَّبْنَا الشَّيْطَانَ وَجَنَّبْ الشَّيْطَانَ مَا رَزَقْتَنَا؛ فَإِنَّهُ إِنْ يُقَدَّرْ بَيْنَهُمَا وَلَدٌ فِي ذَلِكَ لَمْ يَضُرُّهُ شَيْطَانٌ أَبَدًا». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "If anyone of you intends to approach his wife, let him say: 'In the name of Allah. O Allah, keep Satan away from us and from what You provide us.' If Allah decrees that they should have a child, Satan will never harm it." [Agreed upon]
وَعَنْهُ (رضي الله عنه)أَنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ يَقُولُ عِنْدَ الْكَرْبِ:۱ «لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ الْعَظِيمُ الْحَلِيمُ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ رَبُّ الْعَرْشِ الْعَظِيمِ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ رَبُّ السَّمَوَاتِ وَرَبُّ الْأَرْضِ وَرَبُّ الْعَرْشِ الْكَرِيمِ». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) would say during times of distress: "There is no god but Allah, the All-Mighty, the Forbearing. There is no god but Allah, Lord of the Mighty Throne. There is no god but Allah, Lord of the heavens and earth, and Lord of the Noble Throne." [Agreed upon]
Notes / الحواشي
1 The statement "He would say during times of distress" - This supplication indicates that no one can remove distress except Allah. At-Tibi said this is a remembrance that leads to the removal of distress. An-Nawawi said this is a noble hadith that should be given attention and frequently recited during difficulties. At-Tabari said the early scholars would recite it and called it "the supplication of distress." Ibn Battal narrated that Abu Bakr ar-Razi saw the Prophet (ﷺ) in a dream telling him to recite this supplication, and when he did, he was released from prison. As mentioned in Umdat al-Qari.
۱ قوله: يقول عند الكرب إلخ في هذا الذكر إشارة بأنه لا يقدر أحد على إزالة الغم إلا الله. قال الطيبي : هذا ذكر يترتب عليه رفع الكرب. قاله في المرقاة». وقال النووي: وهو حديث جليل ينبغي الاعتناء به، والإكثار عنه عند الكرب، والأمور العظيمة. قال الطبري: كان السلف يدعون به ويسمونه دعاء الكرب انتهى. وقال ابن بطال : حدثني أبو بكر الرازي قال: كنت بأصبهان عند أبي نعيم أكتب الحديث عنه، وهناك شيخ يقال له : أبو بكر بن علي عليه مدار الفتيا، فسعى به عند السلطان، فسجنه، فرأيت النبي في المنام وجبريل عن يمينه يحرك شفتيه بالتسبيح لا يفتر، فقال لي النبي قل لأبي بكر بن علي يدعو بدعاء الكرب الذي في صحيح البخاري حتى يفرج الله عنه، فأصبحت فأخبرته، فدعا به فلم يكن إلا قليلا حتى أخرج من السجن. كذا في «عمدة القاري».
وَعَنْ أَبِي بَكْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه)قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «دَعَوَاتُ الْمَكْرُوبِ: اللَّهُمَّ رَحْمَتَكَ أَرْجُو فَلَا تَكِلْنِي إِلَى نَفْسِي طَرْفَةَ عَيْنٍ، وَأَصْلِحْ لِي شَأْنِي كُلَّهُ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ.
Abu Bakra (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "The supplication of the distressed is: 'O Allah, I hope for Your mercy, so don't leave me to myself even for a blink of an eye. Rectify all my affairs. There is no god but You.'" [Narrated by Abu Dawud]
وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ (رضي الله عنه)أَنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ إِذَا كَرَبَهُ أَمْرُ يَقُوْلُ: «يَا حَيُّ يَا قَيُّومُ بِرَحْمَتِكَ أَسْتَغِيثُ». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was distressed by something, he would say: "O Ever-Living, O Sustainer, I seek help through Your mercy." [Narrated by Tirmidhi]
وَعَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ (رضي الله عنه)أَنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ: «مَنْ كَثُرَ هَمُّهُ فَلْيَقُلْ: اللهُمَّ إِنِّي عَبْدُكَ وَابْنُ عَبْدِكَ وَابْنُ أَمَتِكَ، وَفِي قَبْضَتِكَ نَاصِيَتِي بِيَدِكَ، مَاضٍ فِيَّ حُكْمُكَ، عَدْلُ فِي قَضَاؤُكَ، أَسْأَلُكَ بِكُلِّ اسْمٍ هُوَ لَكَ سَمَّيْتَ بِهِ نَفْسَكَ، أَوْ أَنْزَلْتَهُ فِي كِتَابِكَ، أَوْ عَلَّمْتَهُ أَحَدًا مِنْ خَلْقِكَ، أَوْ اسْتَأْثَرْتَ بِهِ فِي مَكْنُوْنِ الْغَيْبِ عِنْدَكَ، أَنْ تَجْعَلَ الْقُرْآنَ رَبِيعَ قَلْبِي وَجِلَاءَ هَمِّيْ وَغَمِّي، مَا قَالَهَا عَبْدُ قَطُّ إِلَّا أَذْهَبَ اللَّهُ غَمَّهُ وَأَبْدَلَهُ بِهِ فَرَجًا». رَوَاهُ رَزِينٌ.
Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Whoever is overwhelmed by worries should say: 'O Allah, I am Your servant, son of Your servant, son of Your maidservant. My forelock is in Your hand. Your command over me is executed. Your decree concerning me is just. I ask You by every name belonging to You with which You have named Yourself, or revealed in Your Book, or taught to any of Your creation, or kept with You in the knowledge of the unseen, to make the Qur'an the spring of my heart, the light of my chest, and the remover of my grief.' No servant says this except that Allah removes his grief and replaces it with relief." [Narrated by Razin]
وَعَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ (رضي الله عنه)قَالَ: قَالَ رَجُلُ: هُمُومٌ لَزِمَتْنِي وَدُيُونُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، قَالَ: «أَفَلَا أُعَلِّمُكَ كَلَامًا، إِذَا قُلْتَهُ أَذْهَبَ اللهُ هَمَّكَ وَقَضَى عَنْكَ دَيْنَكَ؟ قَالَ: قُلْتُ: بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ. قَالَ: «قُلْ إِذَا أَصْبَحْتَ وَإِذَا أَمْسَيْتَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْهَمِّ وَالْحَزَنِ، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْعَجْزِ وَالْكَسَلِ، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْبُخْلِ وَالْجُبْنِ، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ غَلَبَةِ الدَّيْنِ وَقَهْرِ الرِّجَالِ». قَالَ: فَفَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ، فَأَذْهَبَ اللهُ هَمِّي، وَقَضَى عَنِّي دَيْنِي. رَوَاهُ أَبُوْ دَاوُدَ.
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that a man said: "O Messenger of Allah, I am overwhelmed by worries and debts." He said, "Shall I teach you words to say that will remove your worries and pay your debts? Say morning and evening: 'O Allah, I seek refuge in You from worry and grief, from incapacity and laziness, from cowardice and miserliness, and from being overwhelmed by debt and overpowered by men.'" The man did so, and Allah removed his worries and paid his debts. [Narrated by Abu Dawud]
وَعَنْ عَلِىٍّ(رضي الله عنه)أَنَّهُ جَاءَهُ مُكَاتَبُ، فَقَالَ: إِنِّي عَجَزْتُ عَنْ كِتَابَتِي فَأَعِنِّي، قَالَ: أَلَا أُعَلِّمُكَ كَلِمَاتٍ عَلَّمَنِيهِنَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَوْ كَانَ عَلَيْكَ مِثْلُ جَبَلٍ كَبِيرٍ دَيْنًا، أَذَاهُ اللهُ عَنْكَ، قُلْ: «اللَّهُمَّاكْفِنِي بِحَلَالِكَ عَنْ حَرَامِكَ، وَأَغْنِنِي بِفَضْلِكَ عَمَّنْ سِوَاكَ». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي الدَّعَوَاتِ الْكَبِيرِ».
Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that a slave who was trying to earn his freedom came to him saying he couldn't manage. Ali said, "Shall I teach you words the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) taught me? If you had a debt like a huge mountain, Allah would pay it for you. Say: 'O Allah, suffice me with what You have made lawful against what You have made unlawful, and make me independent of all besides You.'" [Narrated by Tirmidhi and Bayhaqi]
وَعَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ صُرَدٍ (رضي الله عنه)قَالَ: اسْتَبَّ رَجُلَانِ عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَنَحْنُ عِنْدَهُ جُلُوسٌ، وَأَحَدُهُمَا يَسُبُّ صَاحِبَهُ مُغْضَبًا قَدْ احْمَرَّ وَجْهُهُ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: "إِنِّي لَأَعْلَمُ كَلِمَةً لَوْ قَالَهَا لَذَهَبَ عَنْهُ مَا يَجِدُ لَوْ قَالَ: أَعُوذُ بِاللهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ، فَقَالُوا لِلرَّجُلِ : أَلَا تَسْمَعُ مَا يَقُولُ النَّبِيُّ ؟ قَالَ : إِنِّي لَسْتُ بِمَجْنُونٍ. مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Sulaiman ibn Surad (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that two men were quarreling in the presence of the Prophet (ﷺ), one cursing the other in anger with a red face. The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "I know a word that if he says it, his anger will go away: 'I seek refuge with Allah from Satan the accursed.'" They told the man, "Don't you hear what the Prophet is saying?" He replied, "I'm not crazy." [Agreed upon]
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه)قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: إِذَا سَمِعْتُمْ صِيَاحَ الدِّيْكَةِ فَسَلُوا اللَّهَ تَعَالَى مِنْ فَضْلِهِ؛ فَإِنَّهَا۱ رَأَتْ مَلَكًا، وَإِذَا سَمِعْتُمْ نَهِيقَ الْحِمَارِ فَتَعَوَّذُوْا بِاللهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ؛ فَإِنَّهُ رَأَى شَيْطَانًا»٢. مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "When you hear a rooster crow, ask Allah of His bounty, for it has seen an angel. When you hear a donkey bray, seek refuge with Allah from Satan, for it has seen a Satan." [Agreed upon]
Notes / الحواشي
1 The statement "it has seen an angel" indicates the recommendation to supplicate when righteous beings are present, as mercy descends at their mention. As mentioned in Al-Mirqat. 2 The statement "it has seen a Satan" indicates the descent of wrath and punishment upon disbelievers, so one should seek refuge when passing by them. As mentioned in Al-Mirqat.
۱قوله: فإنها رأت ملكا فيه استحباب الدعاء عند حضور الصالحين؛ فإن عند ذكرهم تنزل الرحمة فضلا عن وجودهم وحضورهم، فيستحب عند ذلك طلب الرحمة والبركة من الله الكريم. كذا في «المرقاة».
٢ قوله: فإنه رأى شيطانا: هذا يَدلُّ على نزول الغضب والعذاب على أهل الكفر، فيستحب الاستعاذة عند مرورهم خوفا أن يصيبه من شرورهم. قاله في «المرقاة».
وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ (رضي الله عنه)قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَقُوْلُ: «إِذَا سَمِعْتُمْ نُبَاحَ الْكِلَابِ وَنَهِيقَ الْحَمِيرِ بِاللَّيْلِ فَتَعَوَّذُوْا بِاللهِ؛ فَإِنَّهُنَّ يَرَيْنَ مَا لَا تَرَوْنَ». رَوَاهُ الْبَغَوِيُّ فِي شَرْحِ السُّنَّةِ».
Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that he heard the Prophet (ﷺ) say: "When you hear dogs barking or donkeys braying at night, seek refuge with Allah, for they see what you don't see." [Narrated by Al-Baghawi]
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ (رضي الله عنهما)قَالَ: كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِذَا وَدَعَ رَجُلًا أَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ، فَلَا يَدَعُهَا حَتَّى يَكُوْنَ الرَّجُلُ هُوَ يَدَعُ يَدَ النَّبِيِّ ، وَيَقُولُ: «أَسْتَوْدِعُ اللَّهَ دِينَكَ وَأَمَانَتَكَ وَآخِرَ عَمَلِكَ». وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: «وَخَوَاتِيمَ عَمَلِكَ». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ وَابْنُ مَاجَهِ، وَفِي رِوَايَتِهِمَا لَمْ يَذْكُرْ وَآخَرَ عَمَلِكَ».
Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that when the Prophet (ﷺ) bid farewell to someone, he would take his hand and not let go until the man let go first. He would say: "I entrust to Allah your religion, your trust, and your final deeds." In another narration: "and the conclusion of your deeds." [Narrated by Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah]
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْخِطَمِي (رضي الله عنه)قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِﷺ إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَسْتَوْدِعَ الْجَيْشَ قَالَ: «أَسْتَوْدِعُ اللهَ دِينَكَ وَأَمَانَتَكُمْ وَخَوَاتِيمَ أَعْمَالِكُمْ». رَوَاهُ أَبُوْ دَاوُدَ.
Abdullah al-Khitmi (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) wanted to bid farewell to an army, he would say: "I entrust to Allah your religion, your trust, and the conclusion of your deeds." [Narrated by Abu Dawud]
وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ (رضي الله عنه)، قَالَ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِنِّي أُرِيدُ سَفَرًا فَزَوَّدْنِي، فَقَالَ: «زَوَّدَكَ اللهُ التَّقْوَى». قَالَ: زِدْنِي، قَالَ: «وَغَفَرَ ذَنْبَكَ». قَالَ: زِدْنِي بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُتَيْ. قَالَ: «وَيَسَّرَ لَكَ الْخَيْرَ حَيْثُمَا كُنْتَ. رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ، وَقَالَ: هَذَا حَدِيْثُ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ.
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that a man came to the Prophet (ﷺ) saying, "O Messenger of Allah, I intend to travel, so supply me." He said, "May Allah supply you with piety." The man said, "Add more." He said, "And forgive your sins." The man said, "Add more, by my father and mother!" He said, "And make good easy for you wherever you are." [Narrated by Tirmidhi]
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: إِنَّ رَجُلًا قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُسَافِرَ فَأَوْصِنِي، قَالَ: «عَلَيْكَ بِتَقْوَى اللهِ وَالتَّكْبِيرِ عَلَى كُلِّ شَرَفٍ، فَلَمَّا أَنْ وَلَّى الرَّجُلُ قَالَ: «اللَّهُمَّ أَطْوِ لَهُ الْبُعْدَ وَهَوَّنْ عَلَيْهِ السَّفَرَ». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.
Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that a man said, "O Messenger of Allah, I intend to travel, so advise me." He said, "Hold to taqwa of Allah and say 'Allahu Akbar' on every elevation." When the man turned to leave, he said, "O Allah, shorten the distance for him and make the journey easy." [Narrated by Tirmidhi]
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ (رضي الله عنهما) أَنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ إِذَا اسْتَوَى عَلَى بَعِيرِهِ خَارِجًا إِلَى سَفَرٍ كَبَّرَ ثَلَاثًا، ثُمَّ قَالَ: ﴿سُبْحَانَ الَّذِي سَخَّرَ لَنَا هَذَا وَمَا كُنَّا لَهُ مُقْرِنِينَ وَإِنَّا إِلَى رَبِّنَا لَمُنقَلِبُونَ﴾(الزخرف: ١٣-١٤) اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا نَسْأَلُكَ فِي سَفَرِنَا هَذَا الْبِرَّ وَالتَّقْوَى وَمِنْ الْعَمَلِ مَا تَرْضَى، اللَّهُمَّ هَوَّنْ عَلَيْنَا سَفَرَنَا هَذَا، وَاطْرِ لَنَا بُعْدَهُ، اللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ الصَّاحِبُ فِي السَّفَرِ وَالْخَلِيفَةُ فِي الْأَهْلِ وَالْمَالِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ وَعْثَاءِ السَّفَرِ وَكَابَةِ الْمَنْظَرِ وَسُوءِ الْمُنْقَلَبِ فِي الْمَالِوَالْأَهْلِ، وَإِذَا رَجَعَ قَالَهُنَّ، وَزَادَ فِيهِنَّ: «آئِبُوْنَ تَائِبُوْنَ عَابِدُوْنَ لِرَبِّنَا حَامِدُوْنَ». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) mounted his camel for travel, he would say "Allahu Akbar" three times, then say: "Glory to Him Who has subjected this to us, for we could never have done it by ourselves. Indeed, to our Lord we are returning (Qur'an 43:13-14). O Allah, we ask You for righteousness and piety in this journey, and for deeds that please You. O Allah, make this journey easy for us and shorten its distance. O Allah, You are the Companion on the journey and the Successor over the family and wealth. O Allah, I seek refuge in You from the hardships of travel, gloomy scenes, and bad return in wealth and family." When returning, he would say the same and add: "Returning, repenting, worshiping, and praising our Lord." [Narrated by Muslim]
وَعَنْ عَلِيٍّ(رضي الله عنه)أَنَّهُ أُتِيَ بِدَابَّةٍ لِيَرْكَبَهَا ، فَلَمَّا وَضَعَ رِجْلَهُ فِي الرِّكَابِ قَالَ: بِاسْمِ اللهِ، فَلَمَّا اسْتَوَى عَلَى ظَهْرِهَا قَالَ: الْحَمْدُ لِلهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: ﴿سُبْحَانَ الَّذِي سَخَّرَ لَنَا هَذَا وَمَا كُنَّا لَهُ مُقْرِنِينَ وَإِنَّا إِلَى رَبِّنَا لَمُنقَلِبُونَ﴾(الزخرف: ١٣-١٤) ثُمَّ قَالَ: الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ ثَلَاثًا وَاللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ ثَلَاثًا، سُبْحَانَكَ إِنِّي ظَلَمْتُ نَفْسِي فَاغْفِرْ لِي، فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوبَ إِلَّا إِلَّا أَنْتَ. ثُمَّ ضَحِكَ، فَقِيلَ: مِنْ أَيَّ شَيْءٍ ضَحِكْتَ؟ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ صَنَعَ كَمَا صَنَعْتُ، ثُمَّ ضَحِكَ، فَقُلْتُ: مِنْ أَيَّ شَيْءٍ ضَحِكْتَ يَا رَسُوْلَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ: «إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَيَعْجَبُ مِنْ عَبْدِهِ إِذَا قَالَ: رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لِي ذُنُوبِي، يَقُوْلُ: يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ لَا يَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوبَ غَيْرِي». رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَالتَّرْمِذِيُّ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ.
Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that when he was given a mount to ride, he would say "Bismillah" when placing his foot in the stirrup, "Alhamdulillah" when seated, then recite "Glory to Him Who has subjected this to us..." (Qur'an 43:13-14). Then he would say "Alhamdulillah" three times, "Allahu Akbar" three times, and "Subhanaka, I have wronged myself, so forgive me, for none forgives sins but You." Then he laughed. When asked why, he said, "I saw the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) do the same and laugh. When I asked why, he said, 'Your Lord is amazed at His servant when he says, "Forgive my sins," knowing that none forgives sins but Me.'" [Narrated by Ahmad, Tirmidhi and Abu Dawud]
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سَرْجِسَ (رضي الله عنه)قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِﷺ إِذَا سَافَرَ يَتَعَوَّذُ مِنْ وَعْثَاءِ السَّفَرِ وَكَابَةِ الْمُنْقَلَبِ وَالْخَوْرِ بَعْدَ الْكَوْرِ وَدَعْوَةِ الْمَظْلُومِ وَسُوءِ الْمَنْظَرِ فِي الْأَهْلِ وَالْمَالِ. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمُ.
Abdullah ibn Sarjis (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) traveled, he would seek refuge from the hardships of travel, gloomy scenes, regression after progress, the supplication of the oppressed, and seeing evil in family and wealth. [Narrated by Muslim]
وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ (رضي الله عنه)قَالَ: كُنَّا إِذَا صَعِدْنَا كَبَّرْنَا، وَإِذَا نَزَلْنَا سَبَّحْنَا. رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ.
Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: "When we ascended (a hill), we would say 'Allahu Akbar,' and when we descended, we would say 'SubhanAllah.'" [Narrated by Bukhari]
Notes / الحواشي
1 The statement: “We used to practice coitus interruptus, etc.”: Meaning with a free woman, and likewise with a partially freed slave woman, with her permission. However, in Al-Khaniyah: It is permissible in our time due to its corruption. Kamal said: Let an excuse that waives her permission be considered, as per his wording. In Al-Fatawa: If he fears harm from the child with a free woman, he may practice coitus interruptus without her consent due to the corruption of the time, so let similar excuses be considered as waiving her permission. Thus, it is known from Al-Khaniyah that the transmitted position of the school is non-permissibility, and this is a qualification by the school’s scholars due to changes in some rulings with the change of time. This was affirmed in Al-Fath, and Qahistani also confirmed it, saying: This applies if he does not fear harm to the child due to the corruption of the time; otherwise, it is permissible without her permission.
۱ قوله: كنا نعزل إلخ : أي ويعزل عن الحرة وكذا المكاتبة بإذنها، لكن في الخانية: أنه يباح في زماننا لفساده. قال الكمال»: فليعتبر عذرًا مسقطاً لإذنها عبارته، وفي الفتاوى»: إن خاف من الولد السوء في الحرة يسعه العزل بغير رضاها؛ لفساد الزمان، فليعتبر مثله من الأعذار مسقطاً لإذنها . فقد علم مما في الخانية» أن منقول المذهب عدم الإباحة، وإن هذا تقييد من مشايخ المذهب لتغير بعض الأحكام بتغير الزمان. وأقره في «الفتح»، وبه جزم القهستاني أيضًا حيث قال: وهذا إذا لم يخف على الولد السوء؛ لفساد الزمان، وإلا فيجوز بلا إذنها.
وَعَنْ خَوْلَةَ بِنْتِ حَكِيمٍ (رضي الله عنها)قَالَتْ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُوْلُ: «مَنْ نَزَلَ مَنْزِلًا ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَعُوذُ بِكَلِمَاتِ اللهِ التَّامَّاتِ مِنْ شَرِّ مَا خَلَقَ، لَمْ يَضُرَّهُ شَيْءٍ حَتَّى يَرْتَحِلَ مِنْ مَنْزِلِهِ ذَلِكَ». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
Khawla bint Hakim (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that she heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: "Whoever stops at a place and says, 'I seek refuge in Allah's perfect words from the evil of what He has created,' nothing will harm him until he leaves that place." [Narrated by Muslim]
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه)قَالَ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُوْلَ اللهِ، مَا لَقِيتُ مِنْ عَقْرَبٍ لَدَغَتْنِي الْبَارِحَةَ، قَالَ: «أَمَا لَوْ قُلْتَ حِينَ أَمْسَيْتَ: أَعُوذُ بِكَلِمَاتِاللهِ التَّامَّاتِ مِنْ شَرِّ مَا خَلَقَ، لَمْ تَضُرَّكَ. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that a man came to the Prophet (ﷺ) saying, "O Messenger of Allah, I was stung by a scorpion last night." He said, "Had you said when evening came, 'I seek refuge in Allah's perfect words from the evil of what He has created,' it wouldn't have harmed you." [Narrated by Muslim]
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا سَافَرَ فَأَقْبَلَ اللَّيْلُ قَالَ: «يَا أَرْضُ، رَبِّي وَرَبُّكِ اللهُ ، أَعُوذُ بِاللهِ مِنْ أَسَدٍ وَأَسْوَدَ، وَمِنْ الْحَيَّةِ وَالْعَقْرَبِ، وَمِنْ شَرِّ سَاكِنِ الْبَلَدِ، وَمِنْ وَالِدٍ وَمَا وَلَدَ». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ.
Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) traveled and night fell, he would say: "O earth, my Lord and your Lord is Allah. I seek refuge in Allah from lions, black snakes, scorpions, the evil of inhabitants, and from parent and child." [Narrated by Abu Dawud]
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ إِذَا كَانَ فِي سَفَرٍ وَأَسْحَرَ يَقُولُ: سَمِعَ سَامِعُ بِحَمْدِ اللهِ وَحُسْنِ بَلَائِهِ عَلَيْنَا رَبَّنَا صَاحِبْنَا وَأَفْضِلْ عَلَيْنَا عَائِدًا بِاللهِ مِنَ النَّارِ». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that when the Prophet (ﷺ) was traveling and reached dawn, he would say: "A listener has heard our praise of Allah and His excellent favor upon us. Our Lord, accompany us and bestow favor upon us. I seek refuge in Allah from the Fire." [Narrated by Muslim]
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا قَفَلَ مِنْ غَزْءٍ أَوْ حَجَّ أَوْ عُمْرَةٍ يُكَبِّرُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَرَفٍ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ ثَلَاثَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ، ثُمَّ يَقُولُ: «لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ، لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ ، وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ ، آئِبُوْنَ تَائِبُوْنَ عَابِدُوْنَ سَاجِدُوْنَ لِرَبِّنَا حَامِدُوْنَ، صَدَقَ اللهُ وَعْدَهُ، وَنَصَرَ عَبْدَهُ، وَهَزَمَ الْأَحْزَابَ وَحْدَهُ». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) narrated: Whenever Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) returned from a battle or Hajj or Umrah, he would say Takbir (Allahu Akbar) three times at every elevated place on the way, then say: "There is no god but Allah alone, Who has no partner. His is the dominion and His is the praise, and He is Able to do all things. We are returning, repenting, worshipping, prostrating to our Lord, and praising Him. Allah has fulfilled His promise, granted victory to His servant, and alone defeated the allied clans." [Agreed upon]
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي أَوْفَى (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: دَعَا رَسُوْلُ اللهِﷺ يَوْمَ الْأَحْزَابِ عَلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ، فَقَالَ: «اللَّهُمَّ مُنْزِلَ الْكِتَابِ سَرِيعَ الْحِسَابِ اللَّهُمَّ اهْزِمُ الْأَحْزَابَ اللَّهُمَّ اهْزِمْهُمْ وَزَلْزِلْهُمْ». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ..
Abdullah bin Abi Awfa (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) invoked Allah against the pagans on the Day of the Clans, saying: "O Allah, Revealer of the Book, Swift in taking account! O Allah, defeat the clans! O Allah, defeat them and shake them." [Agreed upon]
وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا غَزَا قَالَ: «اللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ عَضُدِي وَنَصِيرِي، بِكَ أَحُولُ، وَبِكَ أَصُولُ، وَبِكَ أُقَاتِلُ». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ وَأَبُوْ دَاوُدَ.
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: Whenever Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) went to battle, he would say: "O Allah, You are my support and my helper. By You I move, by You I attack, and by You I fight." [Narrated by Tirmidhi and Abu Dawud]
وَعَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قُلْنَا يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، هَلْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ نَقُولُهُ فَقَدْ بَلَغَتِ الْقُلُوبُ الْحَنَاجِرَ؟ قَالَ: «نَعَمْ ، اللهُمَّ اسْتُرْ عَوْرَاتِنَا وَآمِنْ رَوْعَاتِنَا»، قَالَ: فَضَرَبَ اللهُ وُجُوهَ أَعْدَائِهِ بِالرِّيحِ، فَهَزَمَ اللهُ بِالرِّيحِ. رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ.
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: On the Day of the Trench we said: "O Messenger of Allah, is there anything we should say as our hearts have reached our throats (out of fear)?" He said: "Yes. Say: 'O Allah, cover our weaknesses and calm our fears.'" He said: So Allah struck the faces of their enemies with wind, and Allah defeated them with the wind. [Narrated by Ahmad]
وَعَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى (رضي الله عنه) أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ إِذَا۱ خَافَ قَوْمًا قَالَ: «اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا نَجْعَلُكَ فِي نُحُورِهِمْ، وَنَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شُرُورِهِمْ». رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَأَبُوْ دَاوُدَ.
Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet (ﷺ) used to say when he feared a people: "O Allah, we make You their adversary, and we seek refuge in You from their evils." [Narrated by Ahmad and Abu Dawud]
Notes / الحواشي
1 The statement: "when he feared a people" - In Al-Hisn it is mentioned: "If one fears an enemy or others, reciting Surah Quraysh is protection from every evil - this has been tried." As mentioned in Al-Maraqi.
۱قوله : إذا خاف قوما وفي «الحصن»: وإن خاف من عدو وغيره فقراءة لإيلاف قريش أمان من كل سوء مجرب. قاله في «المرقاة».
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بُسْرِ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: نَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى أَبِي، قَالَ: فَقَرَّبْنَا إِلَيْهِ طَعَامًا وَوَطْبَةٌ فَأَكَلَ مِنْهَا، ثُمَّ أُتِيَ بِتَمْرٍ فَكَانَ يَأْكُلُهُ وَيُلْقِي النَّوَى بَيْنَ إِصْبَعَيْهِ، وَيَجْمَعُ السَّبَّابَةَ وَالْوُسْطَى وَفِي رِوَايَة: فَجَعَلَ يُلْقِي النَّوَى عَلَى ظَهْرِ أُصْبُعَيْهِ السَّبَّابَةُ وَالْوُسْطَى، ثُمَّ أَتَى بِشَرَابٍ فَشَرِبَهُ، فَقَالَ أَبِي، وَأَخَذَ بِلِجَامِ دَابَّتِهِ: ادْعُ اللَّهَ لَنَا، فَقَالَ: «اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ لَهُمْ فِيمَا رَزَقْتَهُمْ وَاغْفِرْ لَهُمْ وَارْحَمْهُمْ». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
Abdullah ibn Busr (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) stayed at my father's house. We presented some food and a small water-skin to him, and he ate from it. Then dates were brought and he ate them, putting the date pits between his fingers (index and middle). Then he was given a drink which he drank, after which my father took hold of his mount's reins and said: "Pray to Allah for us." So he said: "O Allah, bless for them what You have provided them, forgive them and have mercy on them." [Narrated by Muslim]
وَعَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ (رضي الله عنه) أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ إِذَا رَأَى الْهِلَالَ قَالَ: «اللَّهُمَّ أَهِلَّهُ عَلَيْنَا بِالْيُمْنِ وَالْإِيمَانِ وَالسَّلَامَةِ وَالْإِسْلَامِ رَبِّي وَرَبُّكَ اللَّهُ». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ. وَقَالَ: هَذَا حَدِيْثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ، وَرَوَاهُ الدَّارِمِيُّ وَابْنُ حِبَّانَ وَزَادَ: وَالتَّوْفِيقِ لِمَا تُحِبُّ وَتَرْضَى».
Talha ibn Ubaidullah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet (ﷺ) used to say when he saw the new moon: "O Allah, let this moon appear on us with blessing, faith, safety and Islam. My Lord and your Lord is Allah." [Narrated by Tirmidhi who said it is hasan gharib. Also narrated by Darimi and Ibn Hibban with addition: "and with success for what You love and are pleased with."]
وَعَنْ قَتَادَة (رضي الله عنه) بَلَغَهُ أَنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ الله كَانَ إِذَا رَأَى الْهِلَالَ قَالَ: «هِلَالُ خَيْرٍ وَرُشْدٍ، هِلَالُ خَيْرٍ وَرُشْدٍ ، هِلَالُ خَيْرٍ وَرُشْدٍ، آمَنْتُ بِالَّذِي خَلَقَكَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ، ثُمَّ يَقُولُ: «الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي ذَهَبَ بِشَهْرِ كَذَا وَجَاءَ بِشَهْرٍ كَذَا». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ.د
Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to say when he saw the new moon: "A crescent of goodness and guidance, a crescent of goodness and guidance, a crescent of goodness and guidance. I believe in the One Who created you" (three times), then he would say: "Praise be to Allah Who has taken away such-and-such month and brought such-and-such month." [Narrated by Abu Dawud]
وَعَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَابِ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَا : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِﷺ: «مَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ رَأَى مُبْتَلَى، فَقَالَ: الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي عَافَانِي مِمَّا ابْتَلَاكَ بِهِ، وَفَضَّلَنِي عَلَى كَثِيرٍ مِمَّنْ خَلَقَ تَفْضِيلًا ، إِلَّا لَمْ يُصِبْهُ ذَلِكَ الْبَلَاءُ كَائِنَا مَا كَانَ. رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ، وَرَوَاهُ ابْنُ مَاجَه عَنِ ابْنِ عُمُرَ.
Umar ibn al-Khattab and Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with them) narrated that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "No man sees an afflicted person and says: 'Praise be to Allah Who has saved me from what He has afflicted you with, and Who has favored me over many of His creation,' except that he will not be afflicted with that same affliction." [Narrated by Tirmidhi, and Ibn Majah from Ibn Umar]
وَعَنْ عُمَرَ(رضي الله عنه) أَنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ: «مَنْ دَخَلَ السُّوقَ فَقَالَ: لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ الْمُلْكُ، وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ، يُحْيِي وَيُمِيتُ، وَهُوَ حَيُّ لَا يَمُوتُ، بِيَدِهِ الْخَيْرُ، وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ، كَتَبَ اللهُ لَهُ أَلْفَ أَلْفِ حَسَنَةٍ، وَمَحَا عَنْهُ أَلْفَ أَلْفِ سَيِّئَةٍ، وَرَفَعَ لَهُ أَلْفَ أَلْفِ دَرَجَةٍ، وَبَنَى لَهُ بَيْتًا فِي الْجَنَّةِ. رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ وَابْنُ مَاجَهِ. وَفِي الشَرْحِ السُّنَّةِ»: «مَنْ قَالَ فِي سُوْقٍ جَامِعٍ يُبَاعُ فِيْهِ» بَدْلَ مَنْ دَخَلَ السُّوْقَ».
Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Whoever enters the marketplace and says: 'There is no god but Allah alone, without partner. His is the dominion and His is the praise. He gives life and causes death, and He is Living and does not die. In His Hand is all good, and He has power over all things,' then Allah will record for him a million good deeds, erase a million bad deeds, raise him a million levels, and build for him a house in Paradise." [Narrated by Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah. In Sharh as-Sunnah: "Whoever says this in a major marketplace where buying and selling occurs" instead of "whoever enters the marketplace."]
وَعَنْ بُرَيْدَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِذَا دَخَلَ السُّوْقَ قَالَ: «بِسْمِ اللهِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ خَيْرَ هَذِهِ السُّوْقِ وَخَيْرَ مَا فِيْهَا، وَأَعُوْذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّهَا وَشَرِّ مَا فِيْهَا، اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوْذُ بِكَ أَنْ أُصِيْبَ فِيْهَا صَفَقَةٌ خَاسِرَةً. رَوَاهُ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي الدَّعَوَاتِ الْكَبِيرِ».
Buraydah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: When the Prophet (ﷺ) entered the marketplace, he would say: "In the name of Allah. O Allah, I ask You for the good of this marketplace and the good of what is in it. I seek refuge in You from its evil and the evil of what is in it. O Allah, I seek refuge in You from making a bad deal in it." [Narrated by Bayhaqi in al-Da'awat al-Kabir]
وَعَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ (رضي الله عنه)قَالَ : سَمِعَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ رَجُلًا يَدْعُوْ يَقُوْلُ: اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ تَمَامَ النِّعْمَةِ، فَقَالَ: «أَيُّ شَيْءٍ تَمَامُ النِّعْمَةِ؟ قَالَ: دَعْوَةً أَرْجُو بِهَا خَيْرًا، فَقَالَ: إِنَّ مِنْ تَمَامِ النِّعْمَةِ دُخُولَ الْجَنَّةِ وَالْفَوْزَ مِنَ النَّارِ». وَسَمِعَ رَجُلًا يَقُولُ: يَا ذَا الْجَلَالِ وَالْإِكْرَامِ. فَقَالَ: «قَدْ اسْتُجِيبَ لَكَ فَسَلْ». وَسَمِعَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ رَجُلًا وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ الصَّبْرَ، فَقَالَ: «سَأَلْتَ اللهَ الْبَلَاءَ فَاسْأَلْهُ الْعَافِيَةَ ۱. رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ، وَقَالَ: حَسَنُ نَقَلَهُ مِيْرَكَ.
Mu'adh ibn Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: The Prophet (ﷺ) heard a man supplicating: "O Allah, I ask You for the perfection of blessing," so he asked: "What is the perfection of blessing?" The man replied: "A supplication through which I hope for good." The Prophet said: "The perfection of blessing includes entering Paradise and being saved from Hell." He also heard a man saying: "O Possessor of Majesty and Honor," and said: "Your supplication has been answered, so ask." And he heard another man saying: "O Allah, I ask You for patience," so he said: "You have asked Allah for trial, so rather ask Him for well-being." [Narrated by Tirmidhi who said it is hasan. Mirqat transmitted it.]
Notes / الحواشي
1 The statement "so rather ask Him for well-being" applies before trials occur. After trials begin, there is no prohibition in asking for patience - rather it is recommended, as in Allah's saying: "Pour upon us patience" (Quran 2:250). As mentioned in Al-Maraqi.
۱ قوله فاسأله العافية محل هذا إنما هو قبل وقوع البلاء، وما بعده فلا منع من سؤال الصبر، بل مستحب؛ لقوله تعالى: ﴿أَفْرِغْ عَلَيْنَا صَبْرًا﴾ (البقرة: ٢٥٠). قاله في «المرقاة».
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَنْ جَلَسَ مَجْلِسًا فَكَثُرَ فِيهِ لَغَطُهُ، فَقَالَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقُومَ: سُبْحَانَكَ اللهُمَّ وَبِحَمْدِكَ، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ أَسْتَغْفِرُكَ وَأَتُوبُ إِلَيْكَ، إِلَّا غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا كَانَ فِي مَجْلِسِهِ ذَلِكَ». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي الدَّعَوَاتِ الْكَبِيرِ».
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Whoever sits in a gathering where there is much idle talk, then says before getting up: 'Glory be to You, O Allah, and praise be to You. I bear witness that there is no god but You. I seek Your forgiveness and repent to You,' will be forgiven for what occurred in that gathering." [Narrated by Tirmidhi and Bayhaqi in al-Da'awat al-Kabir]
Notes / الحواشي
1 The statement: “We hear and obey”: This hadith encourages helping brothers, relieving their burdens, and demonstrates the validity of partnership. This is stated in Al-Marqah.
2 Abu Hanifah cites this to say that damage by livestock to another’s property, if the owner is absent, incurs no guarantee, day or night. If the owner is present and driving it, he guarantees all damage. If leading or riding, he guarantees damage by mouth or hand, not leg, unless he intentionally causes damage, then he guarantees due to transgression. Ash-Shafi‘i says daytime damage by livestock, if the owner is absent, incurs no guarantee, per Ibn Muhayyisa’s hadith. If the owner is present, he guarantees all damage, whether riding, driving, leading, or standing, by hand, leg, or mouth. Hanafis respond that “The mute animal’s damage is void” is general, so its generality applies, except in transgression. [From Umdat Al-Qari and Al-Musawwa]. Hanafis say this hadith is agreed upon, while Ibn Muhayyisa’s is mursal, not evidence for Ash-Shafi‘i. At-Tahawi said the Prophet (ﷺ) deemed mute animal damage void, meaning waived, superseding Ibn Muhayyisa’s disconnected narration. Even if connected by Al-Awza‘i, Malik and reliable Zuhri narrators disconnected it. The ruling aligns with Prophet Sulayman’s on crops grazed by sheep, until Allah introduced this law, abrogating prior ones. [From Taliq Al-Mumajjad].
وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ (رضي الله عنها) قَالَتْ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ لا كَانَ إِذَا جَلَسَ مَجْلِسًا أَوْ صَلَّى تَكَلَّمَ بِكَلِمَاتٍ، فَسَأَلَتْهُ عَائِشَةُ عَنِ الْكَلِمَاتِ، فَقَالَ: «إِنْ تَكَلَّمَ بِخَيْرٍ كَانَ طَابِعًا عَلَيْهِنَّ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ، وَإِنْ تَكَلَّمَ بِشَرِّ كَانَ كَفَّارَةً لَهُ: سُبْحَانَكَ اللهُمَّ وَبِحَمْدِكَ لا إله إلا أنت أَسْتَغْفِرُكَ وَأَتُوبُ إِلَيْكَ». رَوَاهُ النَّسَائِيُّ.
Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrated: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to say certain words whenever he sat in a gathering or finished praying. Aisha asked him about these words, and he said: "If one speaks good words, they will be a seal on them until the Day of Judgment. If one speaks evil words, they will be an expiation: 'Glory be to You, O Allah, and praise be to You. There is no god but You. I seek Your forgiveness and repent to You.'" [Narrated by Nasa'i]
وَعَنْ أُمَ سَلَمَةَ (رضي الله عنها) أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ إِذَا خَرَجَ مِنْ بَيْتِهِ قَالَ: «بِسْمِ اللهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ عَلَى اللهِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا نَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ أَنْ نَزِلَّ أَوْ نَضِلَّ، أَوْ نَظْلِمَ أَوْ نُظْلَمَ، أَوْ نَجْهَلَ أَوْ يُجْهَلَ عَلَيْنَا». رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَالتَّرْمِذِيُّ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ.
وَقَالَ التَّرْمِذِيُّ: هَذَا حَدِيثُ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَفِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي دَاوُدَ وَابْنِ مَاجَهِ: مَا خَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مِنْ بَيْتِي قَطُّ إِلَّا رَفَعَ طَرْفَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَقَالَ: «اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ أَنْ أَضِلَّ أَوْ أُضَلَّ ، أَوْ أَظْلِمَ أَوْ أُظْلَمَ، أَوْ أَجْهَلَ أَوْ يُجْهَلَ عَلَيَّ».
Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrated that the Prophet (ﷺ) used to say when leaving his house: "In the name of Allah, I place my trust in Allah. O Allah, we seek refuge in You from slipping or being led astray, from oppressing or being oppressed, from acting ignorantly or being treated ignorantly." [Narrated by Ahmad, Tirmidhi and Nasa'i. Tirmidhi said it is hasan sahih. In Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah's version: "The Prophet (ﷺ) never left my house without raising his eyes to the sky and saying: 'O Allah, I seek refuge in You from leading astray or being led astray, from oppressing or being oppressed, from acting ignorantly or being treated ignorantly.'"]
وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ (رضي الله عنه)، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «إِذَا خَرَجَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْ بَيْتِهِ فَقَالَ: بِسْمِ اللهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ عَلَى اللهِ، لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللهِ، يُقَالُ لَهُ حِينَئِذٍ: هُدِيْتَ وَكُفِيتَ وَوُقِيتَ، فَيَ تَنَحَّى لَهُ الشَّيْطَانُ، وَيَقُولُ شَيْطَانُ آخَرُ: كَيْفَ لَكَ بِرَجُلٍ قَدْ هُدِيَ وَكُفِيَ وَوُقِي». رَوَاهُ أَبُوْ دَاوُدَ وَرَوَى التَّرْمِذِيُّ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: «لَهُ الشَّيْطَانُ».
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "When a man leaves his house and says: 'In the name of Allah, I place my trust in Allah. There is no power nor strength except with Allah,' it will be said to him: 'You have been guided, protected and guarded.' Then the devils will move away from him, and another devil will say: 'How can you approach a man who has been guided, protected and guarded?'" [Narrated by Abu Dawud. Tirmidhi narrated it up to: "the devils will move away from him."]
وَعَنْ أَبِي مَالِكِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ (رضي الله عنه)قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِﷺ: «إِذَا وَلَجَ الرَّجُلُ بَيْتَهُ فَلْيَقُلْ: اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ خَيْرَ الْمَوْلَجِ وَخَيْرَ الْمَخْرَج، بِسْمِ اللهِ وَلَجْنَا، وَبِسْمِ اللهِ خَرَجْنَا، وَعَلَى اللهِ رَبِّنَا تَوَكَّلْنَا ، ثُمَّ لِيُسَلِّمْ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ۱. رَوَاهُ أَبُوْ دَاوُدَ.
Abu Malik al-Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "When a man enters his house, he should say: 'O Allah, I ask You for the good of this entrance and exit. In the name of Allah we enter, and in the name of Allah we leave, and upon our Lord we rely.' Then he should greet his family." [Narrated by Abu Dawud]
Notes / الحواشي
1 The statement "then he should greet his family" - In Fusul al-'Alami: "When entering upon his family, he should greet them first before speaking." As mentioned in Radd al-Muhtar. And in Al-'Alamgiriyyah: "When a man enters his house, he should greet his family. If no one is present, he should say: 'Peace be upon us and upon the righteous servants of Allah.' As in Al-Muhit."
۱ قوله: ثم ليسلم على أهله وفي فصول العلامي: وإن دخل على أهله يُسلّم أولا ثم يتكلم. قاله في رد المحتار». وقال في العالمگيرية»: إذا دخل الرجل في بيته يُسلّم على أهل بيته، وإن لم يكن في البيت أحد يقول: السلام علينا وعلى عباد الله الصالحين. كذا في المحيط».
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه)أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ إِذَا رَفَّأَ الْإِنْسَانَ إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ قَالَ: بَارَكَ اللهُ لَكَ وَبَارَكَ عَلَيْكَ، وَجَمَعَ بَيْنَكُمَا فِي خَيْرٍ. رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَالتَّرْمِذِيُّ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ وَابْنُ مَاجَه.
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that when the Prophet (ﷺ) congratulated someone on marriage, he would say: "May Allah bless you, and may He bless for you, and may He unite you both in goodness." [Narrated by Ahmad, Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah]
Notes / الحواشي
۳قوله: إن النبي ﷺ تزوجها وهي بنت سبعين سنين إلخ : الحديث، أورده للاستدلال به على أنه يجوز للأب أن يزوج ابنته الصغيرة بغير استئذانها، فحديث لا تنكح الأيم حتى تستأمر، ولا تنكح البكر حتى تتستأذن على عمومه، رخص منه الصغيرة لقصة عائشة اله، وللولي إنكاح الصغير والصغيرة جبرا الحديث: لا نكاح إلا بولي أيضا، فإنه عندنا محمول على هذه الولاية الجبرية جمعًا بين الأدلة ملتقط من نيل الأوطار» و «عمدة الرعاية».
وَعَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيْهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ (رضي الله عنه)عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ: «إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ أَحَدُكُمْ امْرَأَةً أَوِ اشْتَرَى خَادِمًا فَلْيَقُلْ : اللهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ خَيْرَهَا وَخَيْرَ مَا جَبَلْتَهَا عَلَيْهِ، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّهَا وَشَرِّ مَا جَبَلْتَهَا عَلَيْهِ، وَإِذَا اشْتَرَى بَعِيرًا فَلْيَأْخُذْ بِذِرْوَةِ سَنَامِهِ وَلْيَقُلْ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ. وَفِي رِوَايَة: فِي الْمَرْأَةِ وَالْخَادِمِ ثُمَّ لِيَأْخُذْ بِنَاصِيَتِهَا وَلْيَدْعُ بِالْبَرَكَةِ». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَابْنُ مَاجَه.
Amr ibn Shu'ayb from his father from his grandfather (may Allah be pleased with them) narrated that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: "When any of you marries a woman or buys a servant, he should say: 'O Allah, I ask You for her good and the good of her nature, and I seek refuge in You from her evil and the evil of her nature.' When buying a camel, he should take hold of the top of its hump and say the same. In another version: For the woman and servant, then he should take hold of her forelock and supplicate for blessing." [Narrated by Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah]