بَابُ مَنْ لَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ الْمَسْأَلَةُ وَمَنْ تَحِلُّ لَهُThose for Whom Asking is Not Permissible and Those for Whom It Is
وَعَنْ قَبِيْصَةَ بْنِ مُخَارِقٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: تَحَمَّلْتُ حَمَالَةً فَأَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَسْأَلُهُ فِيْهَا، فَقَالَ: «أَقِمْ حَتَّى تَأْتِيَنَا الصَّدَقَةُ فَتَأْمُرَ لَكَ بِهَا، ثُمَّ قَالَ: «يَا قَبِيصَةُ، إِنَّ الْمَسْأَلَةَ لَا تَحِلُّ إِلَّا لِأَحَدِ ثَلَاثَةٍ: رَجُلٍ تَحَمَّلَ حَمَالَةً، فَحَلَّتْ لَهُ الْمَسْأَلَةُ حَتَّى يُصِيبَهَا، ثُمَّ يُمْسِكُ. وَرَجُلٌ أَصَابَتْهُ جَائِحَةُ اجْتَاحَتْ مَالَهُ، فَحَلَّتْ لَهُ الْمَسْأَلَةُ حَتَّى يُصِيبَ قِوَامًا۱ مِنْ عَيْشٍ، أَوْ قَالَ: سِدَادًا مِنْ عَيْشِ وَرَجُلٌ أَصَابَتْهُ فَاقَةٌ حَتَّى يَقُوْمَ ثَلَاثَةٌ مِنْ ذَوِي الْحِجَا مِنْ قَوْمِهِ لَقَدْ أَصَابَتْ فُلَانًا فَاقَةٌ، فَحَلَّتْ لَهُ الْمَسْأَلَةُ حَتَّى يُصِيبَ قِوَامًا مِنْ عَيْشٍ، أَوْ قَالَ: سِدَادًا مِنْ عَيْشٍ، فَمَا سِوَاهُنَّ مِنَ الْمَسْأَلَةِ، يَا قَبِيصَةُ، سُحْتًا يَأْكُلُهَا صَاحِبُهَا سُحْتًا». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
Qabisah ibn Mukhariq (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: “I incurred a debt, so I went to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) to ask him for help. He said: ‘Stay until we receive some charity, and I will order some for you.’ Then he said: ‘O Qabisah, asking is only permissible for three: a man who incurs a debt, so it is permissible for him to ask until he pays it off, then he must stop. A man whose wealth is destroyed by a calamity, so it is permissible for him to ask until he obtains enough to sustain himself. And a man who is struck by poverty until three knowledgeable people from his tribe say: “So-and-so has been struck by poverty,” so it is permissible for him to ask until he obtains enough to sustain himself. Other than these, O Qabisah, asking is impermissible, and whoever takes it consumes it unlawfully.’” [Narrated by Muslim]
Notes / الحواشي
1 The statement: “Until he obtains enough to sustain himself.” Al-Tahawi said: “The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) permitted the needy to ask until he obtains enough to sustain himself. This indicates that charity is not prohibited for the healthy if the giver intends to relieve his poverty. It is only prohibited if the recipient intends something else, such as increasing his wealth. Whoever seeks it for other than the three reasons mentioned by the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) in the hadith of Qabisah ibn Mukhariq is consuming it unlawfully.”
۱ قوله: يصيب قواما إلخ : وقال الطحاوي: فأباح رسول الله ﷺ في هذا الحديث لذي الحاجة أن يسأل لحاجته حتى يصيب قوامًا من عيش أو سدادًا من عيش. فدل ذلك أن الصدقة لا تحرم بالصحة إذا أراد بها الذي تصدق بها عليه سد فقره، وإنما تحرم عليه إذا كان يريد بها غير ذلك من التكثر ونحوه. ومن يريد بها ذلك فهو ممن يطلبها لسوى المعاني الثلاثة التي ذكرها رسول الله ﷺ في حديث قبيصة بن مخارق الذي ذكرنا: «فهو عليه سحت».
وَعَنْ حُبْشِيِّ بْنِ جُنَادَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «إِنَّ الْمَسْأَلَةَ۲ لَا تَحِلُّ لِغَنِيٌّ وَلَا لِذِي مِرَّةٍ سَوِيٌّ إِلَّا لِذِي فَقْرٍ مُدْقِعِ أَوْ غُرْمٍ مُفْظِعٍ، وَمَنْ سَأَلَ النَّاسَ لِيُثْرِيَ بِهِ مَالَهُ كَانَ خُمُوْشًا فِي وَجْهِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، وَرَضْفًا يَأْكُلُهُ مِنْ جَهَنَّمَ، وَمَنْ شَاءَ فَلْيُقِلَّ وَمَنْ شَاءَ فَلْيُكْثِرُ». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.
Hubshi ibn Junadah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Asking is not permissible for the wealthy or the strong and healthy, except for one in severe poverty or overwhelming debt. Whoever asks people to increase his wealth will have his face scratched on the Day of Resurrection and will eat burning embers from Hell. Whoever wishes, let him take less, and whoever wishes, let him take more.” [Narrated by Tirmidhi]
Notes / الحواشي
2 The statement: “Asking is not permissible for the wealthy.” In Al-Durr Al-Mukhtar: “It is not permissible to ask for sustenance if one has enough for the day, whether in actuality or potentially, such as a healthy person who can earn.”
۲ قوله: إن المسألة لا تحل إلخ: وقال في الدر المختار: ولا يحل أن يسأل شيئًا من القوت من له قوت يومه بالفعل، أو بالقوة كالصحيح المكتسب.
وَعَنْ سَمُرَةَ بْنِ جُنْدُبٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «الْمَسَائِلُ كُدُوْحُ يَكْدَحُ بِهَا الرَّجُلُ وَجْهَهُ، فَمَنْ شَاءَ أَبْقَى عَلَى وَجْهِهِ، وَمَنْ شَاءَ تَرَكَ، إِلَّا أَنْ يَسْأَلَ الرَّجُلُ ذَا سُلْطَانٍ أَوْ فِي أَمْرٍ لَا يَجِدُ مِنْهُ بُدًا». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالتَّرْمِذِيُّ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ.
Samurah ibn Jundub (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Asking is like scratching one’s face. Whoever wishes may keep his face, and whoever wishes may scratch it, except when a man asks a ruler or in a matter where he has no alternative.” [Narrated by Abu Dawud, Tirmidhi, and Nasa’i]
وَعَنِ ابْنِ الْفِرَاسِي أَنَّ الْفِرَاسِيَّ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ: أَسْأَلُ يَا رَسُوْلَ اللهِ؟ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ : لَا ، وَإِنْ كُنْتَ لَا بُدَّ فَسَلِ الصَّالِحِينَ». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ.
Ibn Al-Firasi reported that Al-Firasi said: “I said to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ): ‘May I ask, O Messenger of Allah?’ He said: ‘No, but if you must, ask the righteous.’” [Narrated by Abu Dawud and Nasa’i]
وَعَنِ الزُّبَيْرِ بْنِ الْعَوَّامِ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «لَأَنْ يَأْخُذَ أَحَدُكُمْ حَبْلَهُ فَيَأْتِي بِحُزْمَةِ الْخَطَبِ عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ فَيَبِيعَهَا ، فَيَكُفَّ اللَّهُ بِهَا وَجْهَهُ خَيْرٌ لَهُ مِنْ أَنْ يَسْأَلَ النَّاسَ، أَعْطَوْهُ أَوْ مَنَعُوْهُ. رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ.
Az-Zubair ibn Al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “It is better for one of you to take a rope, bring a bundle of firewood on his back, and sell it, so that Allah preserves his dignity, than to ask people, whether they give or refuse.” [Narrated by Bukhari]
وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ (رضي الله عنه)أَنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَسْأَلُهُ، فَقَالَ: «أَمَا فِي بَيْتِكَ شَيْءٌ؟» قَالَ: بَلَى ، حِلْسٌ نَلْبَسُ بَعْضَهُ وَنَبْسُطُ بَعْضَهُ، وَقَعْبٌ نَشْرَبُ فِيهِ مِنَ الْمَاءِ.
قَالَ: «ائْتِنِي بِهِمَا قَالَ: فَأَتَاهُ بِهِمَا، فَأَخَذَهُمَا رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ بِيَدِهِ، وَقَالَ: «مَنْ يَشْتَرِي هَذَيْنِ؟ قَالَ رَجُلٌ : أَنَا أَخُذُهُمَا بِدِرْهَم. قَالَ: «مَنْ يَزِيدُ عَلَى دِرْهَم؟» مَرَّتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثًا، قَالَ رَجُلٌ: أَنَا أَخُذُهُمَا بِدِرْهَمَيْنِ، فَأَعْطَاهُمَا إِيَّاهُ وَأَخَذَ الدَّرْهَمَيْنِ وَأَعْطَاهُمَا الْأَنْصَارِيَّ، وَقَالَ: «اشْتَرِ بِأَحَدِهِمَا طَعَامًا فَانْبِذْهُ إِلَى أَهْلِكَ، وَاشْتَرِ بِالْآخَرِ قَدُوْمًا فَأْتِنِي بِهِ».
فَأَتَاهُ بِهِ فَشَدَّ فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عُوْدًا بِيَدِهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ: «اذْهَبْ فَاحْتَطِبْ وَبِعْ، وَلَا أَرَيَنَّكَ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْمًا، فَذَهَبَ الرَّجُلُ يَحْتَطِبُ وَيَبِيعُ، فَجَاءَ وَقَدْ أَصَابَ عَشْرَةَ دَرَاهِمَ، فَاشْتَرَى بِبَعْضِهَا ثَوْبًا وَبِبَعْضِهَا طَعَامًا. فَقَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ : «هَذَا خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِنْ أَنْ تَجِيءَ الْمَسْأَلَةُ نُكْتَةٌ فِي وَجْهِكَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، إِنَّ الْمَسْأَلَةَ لَا تَصْلُحُ إِلَّا لِثَلَاثَةٍ: لِذِي فَقْرٍ مُدْقِعٍ، أَوْ لِذِي غُرْمٍ مُفْظِعٍ، أَوْ لِذِي دَمٍ مُوْجِع». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَرَوَاهُ ابْنِ مَاجَهِ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: «يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ».
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that a man from the Ansar came to the Prophet (ﷺ) to ask him for help. The Prophet (ﷺ) said: “Do you not have anything in your house?” He said: “Yes, a piece of cloth that we wear and spread, and a bowl from which we drink water.” The Prophet (ﷺ) said: “Bring them to me.” He brought them, and the Prophet (ﷺ) took them in his hand and said: “Who will buy these?” A man said: “I will take them for a dirham.” The Prophet (ﷺ) said: “Who will offer more than a dirham?” He repeated this two or three times. Another man said: “I will take them for two dirhams.” The Prophet (ﷺ) gave them to him, took the two dirhams, and gave them to the Ansari. He said: “Buy food with one of them and give it to your family, and buy an axe with the other and bring it to me.” He brought it, and the Prophet (ﷺ) tied a handle to it with his hand and said: “Go, gather firewood and sell it. Do not let me see you for fifteen days.” The man went and gathered firewood and sold it. He returned having earned ten dirhams. He bought clothes with some and food with the rest. The Prophet (ﷺ) said: “This is better for you than asking, which will leave a mark on your face on the Day of Resurrection. Asking is only permissible for three: one in severe poverty, one in overwhelming debt, or one with blood money to pay.” [Narrated by Abu Dawud]
Ibn Majah narrated it up to the words: “On the Day of Resurrection.”
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ : مَنْ سَأَلَ النَّاسَ أَمْوَالَهُمْ تَكَثُرًا فَإِنَّمَا يَسْأَلُ جَمْرًا، فَلْيَسْتَقِلَّ أَوْ لِيَسْتَكْثِرُ». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Whoever asks people for their wealth to increase his own wealth is only asking for embers. Let him take less or more.” [Narrated by Muslim]
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ(رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللَّهِ : مَا يَزَالُ الرَّجُلُ يَسْأَلُ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، وَلَيْسَ فِي وَجْهِهِ مُزْعَةُ لَحْمٍ ». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Abdullah ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “A person continues to ask people until he comes on the Day of Resurrection with no flesh on his face.” [Agreed upon]
وَعَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ : «لَا تُلْحِفُوْا فِي الْمَسْأَلَةِ، فَوَاللَّهِ، لَا يَسْأَلُنِي أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ شَيْئًا، فَتُخْرِجَ لَهُ مَسْأَلَتُهُ مِنّي شَيْئًا، وَأَنَا لَهُ كَارِهُ، فَيُبَارَكَ لَهُ فِيْمَا أَعْطَيْتُهُ». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
Muawiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Do not insist on asking. By Allah, if one of you asks me for something and I give it to him reluctantly, there will be no blessing in what I give him.” [Narrated by Muslim]
وَعَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَنْ أَصَابَتْهُ فَاقَةٌ فَأَنْزَلَهَا بِالنَّاسِ لَمْ تُسَدَّ فَاقَتُهُ، وَمَنْ أَنْزَلَهَا بِاللَّهِ أَوْشَكَ اللهُ لَهُ بِالْغِنَى، إِمَّا بِمَوْتٍ عَاجِلٍ أَوْ غِنِّى عَاجِلٍ». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالتَّرْمِذِيُّ.
Ibn Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Whoever is struck by poverty and takes it to people will not have his poverty relieved. But whoever takes it to Allah, Allah will soon grant him sufficiency, either through a quick death or immediate sufficiency.” [Narrated by Abu Dawud and Tirmidhi]
وَعَنْ ثَوْبَانَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَنْ يَكْفُلُ لِي أَنْ لَا يَسْأَلَ النَّاسَ شَيْئًا وَأَتَكَفَّلُ لَهُ بِالْجَنَّةِ، فَقَالَ ثَوْبَانُ: أَنَا. فَكَانَ لَا يَسْأَلُ أَحَدًا شَيْئًا. رَوَاهُ أَبُوْ دَاوُدَ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ.
Thawban (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Whoever guarantees me that he will not ask people for anything, I guarantee him Paradise.” Thawban said: “I will.” He never asked anyone for anything after that. [Narrated by Abu Dawud and Nasa’i]
وَعَنْ أَبِي ذَرَّ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: دَعَانِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَهُمْ يَشْتَرِطُ عَلَيَّ أَنْ لَا تَسْأَلَ النَّاسَ شَيْئًا، قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: وَلَا سَوْطَكَ إِنْ يَسْقُطَ مِنْكَ حَتَّى تَنْزِلَ إِلَيْهِ فَتَأْخُذَهُ». رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ.
Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: “The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) called me and made me promise not to ask people for anything. I said: ‘Yes.’ He said: ‘Not even your whip if it falls from you until you dismount and pick it up.’” [Narrated by Ahmad]
وَعَنْ عَلَيٍّ (رضي الله عنه) أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ يَوْمَ عَرَفَةَ رَجُلًا يَسْأَلُ النَّاسَ، فَقَالَ: أَفِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ وَفِي هَذَا الْمَكَانِ تَسْأَلُ مِنْ غَيْرِ اللَّهِ، فَخَفَقَهُ بِالدُّرَّةِ. رَوَاهُ رَزِينُ.
Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that he heard a man asking people for help on the day of Arafah. He said: “Are you asking people on this day and in this place instead of Allah?” He then struck him with a whip. [Narrated by Razin]
وَعَنْ عُمَرَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: تَعْلَمُنَّ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ، إِنَّ الطَّمْعَ فَقْرُ، وَإِنَّ الْإِيَاسَ غِنِّى، وَإِنَّ الْمَرْءَ إِذَا يَئِسَ عَنْ شَيْءٍ اسْتَغْنَى عَنْهُ. رَوَاهُ رَزِينٌ.
Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “Know, O people, that greed is poverty, and contentment is wealth. When a person gives up hope for something, he becomes independent of it.” [Narrated by Razin]
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ (رضي الله عنهما) أَنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ - وَهُوَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ، وَهُمْ يَذْكُرُ الصَّدَقَةَ وَالتَّعَفُّفَ عَنِ الْمَسْأَلَةِ -: «الْيَدُ الْعُلْيَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ الْيَدِ السُّفْلَي، وَالْيَدُ الْعُلْيَا هِيَ الْمُنْفِقَةُ وَالسُّفْلَى هِيَ السَائِلَةُ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said while on the pulpit, and they were discussing charity and refraining from asking: “The upper hand is better than the lower hand. The upper hand is the one that gives, and the lower hand is the one that asks.” [Agreed upon]
وَعَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَعْطَانِي، ثُمَّ سَأَلْتُهُ فَأَعْطَانِي، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي: يَا حَكِيمُ، إِنَّ هَذَا الْمَالَ خَضِرُ حُلُو، فَمَنْ أَخَذَهُ بِسَخَاوَةِ نَفْسٍ بُوْرِكَ لَهُ فِيهِ وَمَنْ أَخَذَهُ بِإِشْرَافِ نَفْسٍ لَمْ يُبَارَكْ لَهُ فِيهِ، وَكَانَ كَالَّذِي يَأْكُلُ وَلَا يَشْبَعُ وَالْيَدُ الْعُلْيَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ الْيَدِ السُّفْلَى». قَالَ حَكِيمٌ: فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ، لَا أَرْزَأُ أَحَدًا بَعْدَكَ شَيْئًا حَتَّى أُفَارِقَ الدُّنْيَا مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Hakim ibn Hizam (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: “I asked the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), and he gave me. I asked him again, and he gave me. Then he said to me: ‘O Hakim, this wealth is green and sweet. Whoever takes it with a generous heart will be blessed in it, but whoever takes it with greed will not be blessed in it and will be like one who eats but is never satisfied. The upper hand is better than the lower hand.’ Hakim said: ‘I said: By the One who sent you with the truth, I will never ask anyone for anything after you until I leave this world.’” [Agreed upon]
وَعَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: إِنَّ أُنَاسًا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ سَأَلُوا عَنْ رَسُوْلِ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَعْطَاهُمْ، ثُمَّ سَأَلُوْهُ فَأَعْطَاهُمْ حَتَّى نَفِدَ مَا عِنْدَهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: «مَا يَكُونُ عِنْدِي مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَلَنْ أَدَّخِرَهُ عَنْكُمْ، وَمَنْ يَسْتَعْفِفْ يُعِفَّهُ اللهُ، وَمَنْ يَسْتَغْنِ يُغْنِهِ اللَّهُ، وَمَنْ يَتَصَبَّرْ يُصَبِّرْهُ اللهُ، وَمَا أُعْطِيَ أَحَدٌ عَطَاءً هُوَ خَيْرٌ وَأَوْسَعُ مِنَ الصَّبْرِ». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Abu Sa’id Al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: “Some people from the Ansar asked the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), and he gave them. They asked him again, and he gave them until he ran out of what he had. Then he said: ‘Whatever good I have, I will not withhold it from you. Whoever refrains from asking, Allah will make him self-sufficient. Whoever seeks sufficiency, Allah will make him sufficient. Whoever is patient, Allah will grant him patience. No one has been given a gift better and more abundant than patience.’” [Agreed upon]
وَعَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَابِ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يُعْطِنِي الْعَطَاءَ فَأَقُولُ: أَعْطِهِ أَفْقَرَ إِلَيْهِ مِنِّي، فَقَالَ: «خُذْهُ فَتَمَوَّلُهُ وَتَصَدَّقْ بِهِ، فَمَا جَاءَكَ مِنْ هَذَا الْمَالِ وَأَنْتَ غَيْرُ مُشْرِفٍ وَلَا سَائِلٍ فَخُذْهُ، وَمَا لَا فَلَا تُتْبِعُهُ نَفْسَكَ». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Umar ibn Al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: “The Prophet (ﷺ) used to give me gifts, and I would say: ‘Give it to someone who needs it more than me.’ He said: ‘Take it and keep it or give it in charity. Whatever comes to you of this wealth without you being greedy or asking for it, take it. Otherwise, do not let your soul desire it.’” [Agreed upon]
وَعَنِ ابْنِ السَّاعِدِي قَالَ: اسْتَعْمَلَنِي عُمَرُ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغْتُ مِنْهَا وَأَدَّيْتُهَا إِلَيْهِ أَمَرَ لِي بِعُمَالَةٍ، فَقُلْتُ: إِنَّمَا عَمِلْتُ لِلهِ، وَأَجْرِي عَلَى اللهِ، فَقَالَ: خُذْ مَا أُعْطِيتَ؛ فَإِنِّي عَمِلْتُ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُوْلِ اللهِ ﷺ فَعَمَّلَنِي، فَقُلْتُ مِثْلَ قَوْلِكَ، فَقَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «إِذَا أُعْطِيتَ شَيْئًا مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ تَسْأَلَ فَكُلْ وَتَصَدَّقُ». رَوَاهُ أَبُوْ دَاوُدَ.
Ibn As-Sa’idi reported: “Umar appointed me to collect charity. When I finished and delivered it to him, he ordered that I be given a reward. I said: ‘I only worked for Allah, and my reward is with Allah.’ He said: ‘Take what you are given. I worked during the time of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), and he appointed me. I said the same as you, and the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to me: “If you are given something without asking, take it and eat or give it in charity.”’” [Narrated by Abu Dawud]
وَعَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ الْحَنْظَلِيَّةِ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُوْلُ: «مَنْ سَأَلَ النَّاسَ عَنْ ظَهْرِ غِنِّى فَإِنَّمَا يَسْتَكْثِرُ مِنْ جَمْرِ جَهَنَّمَ قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، وَمَا ظَهْرُ غِنَّى؟ قَالَ: «أَنْ يَعْلَمَ أَنَّ عِنْدَ أَهْلِهِ مَا يُغَدِّيْهِمْ۱ وَمَا يُعَشَّيْهِمْ». رَوَاهُ الصَّحَاوِيُّ.
Sahl ibn Al-Hanzaliyyah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that he heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: “Whoever asks people while having enough to suffice him is only increasing his share of the fire of Hell.” I said: “O Messenger of Allah, what is enough to suffice him?” He said: “Enough to feed his family in the morning and evening.” [Narrated by Al-Tahawi]
Notes / الحواشي
1 The statement: “Enough to feed his family in the morning and evening.” In Al-Muhit: “Wealth is of three types: wealth that obligates Zakat, which is owning the nisab for a full year; wealth that prohibits charity but obligates the charity of Fitr and the sacrifice, which is owning the value of the nisab from surplus wealth beyond one’s basic needs; and wealth that prohibits asking but not charity, which is having enough for the day and something to cover oneself.” This is mentioned in Al-Mirqat. It also states: “Whoever owns two hundred dirhams is prohibited from taking charity, and whoever has enough for the day is prohibited from asking, but not from taking charity. There is a distinction between taking and asking.”
۱ قوله: ما يغديهم وما يعشيهم في المحيط»: الغنى على ثلاثة أنواع، غنّى : يوجب الزكاة، وهو ملك نصاب حولي تام وغنى: يحرم الصدقة ويوجب صدقة الفطر والأضحية، وهو ملك ما يبلغ قيمة نصاب من الأموال الفاضلة عن حاجته الأصلية. وغنى: يحرم السؤال دون الصدقة، وهو أن يكون له قوت يومه وما يستر عورته. قاله في «المرقاة». وقال فيه أيضًا: إن من ملك مائتي درهم يحرم عليه أخذ الصدقة، ومن ملك قوت يومه يحرم عليه السؤال، لا أخذ الصدقة. ففرق بين الأخذ وبين السؤال.
وَعَنْهُ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ : مَنْ سَأَلَ وَعِنْدَهُ مَا يُغْنِيْهِ فَإِنَّمَا يَسْتَكْثِرُ مِنَ النَّارِ قَالَ التَّفَيْلِيُّ - وَهُوَ أَحَد رُوْاتَهُ - فِي مَوْضِعِ آخَرَ: وَمَا الْغِنَى الَّذِي لَا تَنْبَغِي مَعَهُ الْمَسْأَلَهُ، قَالَ: قَدْرُ مَا يُغَدِّيهِ وَيُعَشِّيهِ، فِي مَوْضِعِ آخَرَ أَنْ يَكُوْنَ لَهُ شِبْعُ يَوْمٍ وَلَيْلَةٍ أَوْ لَيْلَةٍ وَيَوْمِ. رَوَاهُ أَبُوْ دَاوُدَ.
Sahl ibn Al-Hanzaliyyah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Whoever asks while having enough to suffice him is only increasing his share of the fire.” At-Tufayli, one of its narrators, said in another place: “What is the sufficiency that makes asking impermissible?” He said: “Enough to feed him in the morning and evening.” In another place: “Having enough for a day and night or a night and day.” [Narrated by Abu Dawud]