Zujājat al-Maṣābīḥ
Virtues (Fada’il)

بَابُ مَنَاقِبِ قُرَيْشٍ وَذِكْرِ الْقَبَائِلِThe Virtues of Quraysh and the Mention of the Tribes

العربية

۱ قوله: وذكر القبائل : عطف على المناقب، والمراد بذكرهم أعم من مدحهم وذمهم. كذا في «المرقاة».

English

1 His saying "and the mention of the tribes": joined to "the virtues"; what is meant by mentioning them is more general than their praise and their censure. So it is in al-Mirqat.

6044

Hadith 6044

Volume 5 · Virtues (Fada’il) · The Virtues of Quraysh and the Mention of the Tribes
العربية

عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ: «النَّاسُ۱ تَبَعُ لِقُرَيْشٍ فِي هَذَا الشَّأْنِ، مُسْلِمُهُمْ تَبَعُ لِمُسْلِمِهِمْ، وَكَافِرُهُمْ تَبَعُ لِكَافِرِهِمْ». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.

English

Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: “The people 1 are followers of Quraysh in this affair; their Muslims follow their Muslims, and their disbelievers follow their disbelievers.” [Agreed Upon]

Notes / الحواشي
الحواشي

۱ قوله: الناس تبع بفتحتين جمع تابع كخدم جمع خادم، أي الناس كلهم تابعون لقريش في هذا الشأن، أي في الدين، ويؤيد هذا المعنى قوله: «مسلمهم تبع لمسلمهم إلخ لذلك لما بعث الله قال عامة العرب: ينظر ما يصنع قومه، فلما فتح مكة وأسلمت قريش تبعهم العرب، ودخلوا في دين الله أفواجا، ولهذا استمرت خلافة النبوة في قريش. أقول: وفيه إشعار بأن الخلق لا يأنفون عن متابعة القريش، وأن قابلية المتبوعية مجبولة في جبلتهم، فينبغي أن لا يخرج عنهم أمر الخلافة؛ لئلا يترتب عليه المخالفة. قاله في المرقاة». ولذلك قال في شرح العقائد النسفية»: ويكون الإمام من قريش، ولا يجوز من غيرهم.

Cross-references
BukhariMuslim
6045

Hadith 6045

Volume 5 · Virtues (Fada’il) · The Virtues of Quraysh and the Mention of the Tribes
العربية

وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ (رضي الله عنه) أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ: «النَّاسُ تَبَعُ لِقُرَيْشٍ فِي الْخَيْرِ۱ وَالشَّرِّ». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمُ .

English

Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: “The people are followers of Quraysh in good 1 and evil.” [Narrated by Muslim]

Notes / الحواشي
English notes

1 His statement “in good”: meaning Islam; “and evil”: meaning disbelief. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

1 His statement “The people are followers”: “followers” with two fathahs, plural of follower, like servants, plural of servant. It means all people follow Quraysh in this affair, i.e., in matters of religion. This is supported by his statement: “their Muslims follow their Muslims, etc.” Thus, when Allah sent him, most Arabs said: “Let us see what his people do.” When Makkah was conquered and Quraysh embraced Islam, the Arabs followed them, entering Allah’s religion in droves. Hence, the caliphate of prophethood remained with Quraysh. I say: This implies that people do not shy away from following Quraysh, and their disposition is naturally inclined to follow them. Thus, the matter of the caliphate should not depart from them, lest it lead to opposition. (As stated in Al-Mirqat) For this reason, it is said in Sharh al-Aqa’id an-Nasafiyyah: The imam must be from Quraysh, and it is not permissible from others.

الحواشي

۱ قوله: في الخير : أي الإسلام، والشر» أي الكفر. كذا في «المرقاة».

Cross-references
Muslim
6046

Hadith 6046

Volume 5 · Virtues (Fada’il) · The Virtues of Quraysh and the Mention of the Tribes
العربية

وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ (رضي الله عنهما) أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ: «لَا يَزَالُ۱ هَذَا الْأَمْرُ فِي قُرَيْشٍ مَا بَقِيَ مِنْهُمْ اثْنَانِ». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.

English

Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrated that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: “This matter 1 will remain with Quraysh as long as two of them remain.” [Agreed Upon]

Notes / الحواشي
English notes

1 His statement “This matter”: meaning the matter of the caliphate will remain with Quraysh as long as two people remain. An-Nawawi said: These Hadiths and similar ones clearly indicate that the caliphate is exclusive to Quraysh, and it is not permissible to contract it to others. This was the consensus during the time of the companions and those after them. Whoever opposes this among the innovators is refuted by the consensus of the companions. It is clear that this ruling persists until the end of time as long as two people remain. What he said has been evident until now. The precise understanding is that this is a report with the meaning of a command, i.e., whoever is a Muslim should follow them and not rebel against them. Otherwise, this matter has departed from Quraysh in most lands for over two hundred years. It may be taken literally, qualified by his statement in the following Hadith: “as long as they uphold the religion,” and none depart from them except those who violate its sanctity, as As-Suyuti mentioned. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

الحواشي

۱ قوله : لا يزال هذا الأمر : أي أمر الخلافة في قريش ما بقي منهم، أي من الناس اثنان. قال النووي: هذه الأحاديث وما أشبهها فيها دليل ظاهر على أن الخلافة مختصة بقريش لا يجوز عقدها لغيرهم، وعلى هذا انعقد الإجماع في زمن الصحابة ومن بعدهم، ومن خالف فيه من أهل البدع فهو محجوج بإجماع الصحابة، وبين أن هذا الحكم مستمر إلى آخر الدهر ما بقي من الناس اثنان. وقد ظهر ما قاله له إلى الآن.

والتحقيق أن هذا خبر بمعنى الأمر، أي من كان مسلما فليتبعهم، ولا يخرج عليهم، وإلا فقد خرج هذا الأمر عن قريش في أكثر البلاد من مدة أكثر من مائتي سنة. ويحتمل أن يكون على ظاهره، وأنه مقيد بقوله في الحديث الآتي: «ما أقاموا الدين ولم يخرج منهم إلا وقد انتهكوا حرماته كذا ذكره السيوطي. كذا في «المرقاة».

Cross-references
BukhariMuslim
The Six Books
6047

Hadith 6047

Volume 5 · Virtues (Fada’il) · The Virtues of Quraysh and the Mention of the Tribes
العربية

وَعَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: «إِنَّ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ فِي قُرَيْشٍ، لَا يُعَادِيهِمْ۱ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا كَبَّهُ اللهُ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ مَا أَقَامُوا الدِّينَ». رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ.

English

Muawiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: “This matter is with Quraysh; none opposes 1 them except that Allah casts him on his face, as long as they uphold the religion.” [Narrated by Bukhari]

Notes / الحواشي
English notes

1 His statement “none opposes them”: meaning none contradicts them. His statement “casts him”: meaning brings him low. The meaning: Allah humiliates and disgraces him. “As long as they uphold”: meaning Quraysh; “the religion”: meaning the rulings of Islam. This indicates the exclusivity of leadership to Quraysh, who are Banu Nadr ibn Kinanah, with all their clans equal in this regard. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

الحواشي

۱ قوله: لا يعاديهم أي لا يخالفهم. وقوله: «كبه الله أي أسقطه، والمعنى: أذله وأهانه، «ما أقاموا» أي قريش. الدين» أي أحكام دين الإسلام. وفيه دلالة على اختصاص الإمامة بقريش، وهم بنو النضر بن كنانة، وجميع بطونها في ذلك بمنزلة واحدة. التقطته من المرقاة».

Cross-references
Bukhari
6048

Hadith 6048

Volume 5 · Virtues (Fada’il) · The Virtues of Quraysh and the Mention of the Tribes
العربية

وَعَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: «لَا يَزَالُ الْإِسْلَامُ عَزِيرًا إِلَى۱ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ خَلِيفَةً، كُلُّهُمْ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ».

وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: «لَا يَزَالُ ۲ أَمْرُ النَّاسِ مَاضِيًا مَا وَلِيَهُمْ اثْنَا عَشَرَ رَجُلًا، كُلُّهُمْ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ».

وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: «لَا يَزَالُ الدِّينُ قَائِمًا حَتَّى تَقُومَ السَّاعَةُ أَوْ يَكُونَ عَلَيْكُمْ اثْنَا عَشَرَ خَلِيفَةً كُلُّهُمْ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.

English

Jabir ibn Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: “Islam will remain strong until 1 twelve caliphs, all of them from Quraysh.” In another narration: “The affair of the people will continue to prosper as long as 2 twelve men rule them, all of them from Quraysh.” In another narration: “The religion will remain established until the Hour comes or until twelve caliphs rule over you, all of them from Quraysh.” [Agreed Upon]

Notes / الحواشي
English notes

1 His statement “until twelve caliphs”: Some scholars said: Four of them have passed, namely the Rightly Guided Caliphs, and the number must be completed before the Hour. Others said: They will be in one era, with people divided among them. At-Turbashti said: The way with this Hadith and similar ones is to interpret it as referring to the just among them, as they are truly deserving of the title of caliph. If they are assumed to be consecutive, it is metaphorical. In An-Nawawi’s commentary on Muslim, Qadi Iyad said: A question arises here, as it was said: “The caliphate after me is thirty years, then it becomes a tyrannical monarchy,” which contradicts this Hadith. The response is that the thirty years refer to the caliphate of prophethood, as some narrations specify: “The caliphate of prophethood after me is thirty years, then it becomes a monarchy,” and this condition is not required for the twelve. Others said: The twelve refer to those deserving of the caliphate among the just. Some have passed, as is known, and the number must be completed before the Hour. I say: The Shi‘ah interpret the twelve as being from the Prophet’s household consecutively, whether they hold actual caliphate or are entitled to it: Ali, Hasan, Husayn, Zayn al-Abidin, Muhammad al-Baqir, Ja‘far as-Sadiq, Musa al-Kazim, Ali ar-Rida, Muhammad at-Taqi, Ali an-Naqi, Hasan al-Askari, and Muhammad al-Mahdi (may Allah be pleased with them all), as detailed by Khwaja Muhammad Parsa in Fasl al-Khitab and followed by Mawlana Nur ad-Din Abd ar-Rahman al-Jami in the latter part of Shawahid an-Nubuwwah, mentioning their virtues, merits, miracles, and stations generally. This refutes the Rafidah, who assume Ahl as-Sunnah hate the Prophet’s household due to their corrupt belief and baseless assumption. In truth, Ahl as-Sunnah love all the companions and the Prophet’s household, unlike the Khawarij, enemies of the prophetic household, or the Rafidah, adversaries of most companions and the community’s great figures. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

2 His statement “The affair of the people continues to prosper”: meaning their religious affair remains correct and true. His statement “until the Hour comes” and “or” means “and” for general conjunction, i.e., and until twelve caliphs rule over them, meaning over the people, all of them from Quraysh. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

الحواشي

۱ قوله: إلى اثني عشر خليفة: قال بعض المحققين قد مضى منهم الخلفاء الأربعة، ولا بد من تمام هذا العدد قبل قيام الساعة. وقيل: إنهم يكونون في زمان واحد يفترق الناس عليهم. وقال التوربشتي: السبيل في هذا الحديث وما يعتقبه في هذا المعنى أن يحمل على المقسطين منهم، فإنهم هم المستحقون لاسم الخليفة على الحقيقة، ولا يلزم أن يكونوا على الولاء وإن قدر أنهم على الولاء، فإن المراد منه المسمون بها على المجاز. وفي شرح مسلم للنووي قال القاضي عياض: توجه هنا سؤال، وهو أنه قد جاء الخلافة بعدي ثلاثون سنة، ثم تكون ملكا عضوضا». وهو مخالف لهذا الحديث، وأجيب بأن المراد بـ ثلاثون سنة خلافة النبوة. وقد جاء مفسرا في بعض الروايات خلافة النبوة بعدي ثلاثون سنة، ثم يكون ملكا، ولم يشترط هذا في الاثني عشر.

وقيل : المراد باثني عشر أن يكونوا مستحقي الخلافة من العادلين. وقد مضى منهم من علم، ولا بد من تمام هذا العدد قبل قيام الساعة. قلت: وقد حمل الشيعة الاثني عشر على أنهم من أهل بيت النبوة متوالية، أعم من أن تكون لهم خلافة حقيقة أو استحقاقا، فأولهم علي، فالحسن، فالحسين، فزين العابدين فمحمد الباقر، فجعفر الصادق فموسى الكاظم، فعلي الرضاء، فمحمد التقي، فعلي النقي، فحسن العسكري، فمحمد المهدي، رضوان الله عليهم أجمعين، على ما ذكره زبدة الأولياء خواجه محمد بارسا في كتاب فصل الخطاب مفصلة، وتبعه مولانا نور الدين عبد الرحمن الجامي في أواخر شواهد النبوة، وذكر فضائلهم ومناقبهم وكراماتهم ومقاماتهم مجملة.

وفيه رد على الروافض حيث يظنون بأهل السنة أنهم يبغضون أهل البيت باعتقادهم الفاسد ووهمهم الكاسد وإلا فأهل الحق يحبون جميع الصحابة وكل أهل البيت، لا كالخوارج الأعداء لأهل بيت النبوة، ولا كالروافض المعادين الجمهور الصحابة وأكابر الأمة. كذا في «المرقاة».

۲ قوله : لا يزال الناس: أي أمر دينهم ماضيا» أي جاريا مستمرا على الصواب والحق. وقوله: «حتى تقوم الساعة» و«أو» بمعنى الواو لمطلق الجمع، أي وحتى يكون عليهم أي على الناس متوليا اثنا عشر خليفة، كلهم من قريش». كذا في «المرقاة».

Cross-references
BukhariMuslim
Other collections
6049

Hadith 6049

Volume 5 · Virtues (Fada’il) · The Virtues of Quraysh and the Mention of the Tribes
العربية

وَعَنْ سَعْدٍ (رضي الله عنه)عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ: «مَنْ يُرِدْ هَوَانَ قُرَيْشٍ أَهَانَهُ اللَّهُ». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.

English

Sa‘d (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: “Whoever seeks to humiliate Quraysh, Allah will humiliate him.” [Narrated by At-Tirmidhi]

Cross-references
Tirmidhi
6050

Hadith 6050

Volume 5 · Virtues (Fada’il) · The Virtues of Quraysh and the Mention of the Tribes
العربية

وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُطِيعِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُوْلُ يَوْمَ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ: «لَا يُقْتَلُ قُرَشِيٌّ صَبْرًا ۱ بَعْدَ هَذَا الْيَوْمِ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.

English

Abdullah ibn Muti‘ narrated from his father (may Allah be pleased with him): I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say on the day of the conquest of Makkah: “No Qurayshi will be killed in captivity 1 after this day until the Day of Resurrection.” [Narrated by Muslim]

Notes / الحواشي
English notes

1 His statement “in captivity”: meaning not in battle. Al-Humaydi said: Some interpreted this Hadith to mean no Qurayshi will be killed in captivity after this day while persisting in disbelief, as some Qurayshis were killed in captivity in the past after the Prophet (ﷺ), but none were killed in captivity while persisting in disbelief. This is supported by the narration that Satan despaired of the Arabian Peninsula. At-Tibi said: The negation may imply prohibition, which is more emphatic than an explicit prohibition. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

الحواشي

۱ قوله: صبرا : أي لا في المعركة. قال الحميدي: وقد تأول بعضهم هذا الحديث، فقال: معناه لا يقتل قرشي بعد هذا اليوم صبرا، وهو مرتد عن الإسلام ثابت على الكفر؛ إذ قد وجد من قريش من قتل صبرا فيما سبق ومضى من الزمان بعد النبي ، ولم يوجد منهم من قتل صبرا، وهو ثابت على الكفر، انتهى. والمعنى: أنه لا يوجد قرشي مرتدا فيقتل، ويؤيده ما ورد من أن الشيطان قد أيس من جزيرة العرب. وقال الطيبي: ويجوز أن يكون النفي بمعنى النهي، وهو أبلغ من صريح النهي. كذا في «المرقاة».

Cross-references
Muslim
The Six Books
6051

Hadith 6051

Volume 5 · Virtues (Fada’il) · The Virtues of Quraysh and the Mention of the Tribes
العربية

وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «اللَّهُمَّ أَذَقْتَ أَوَّلَ قُرَيْشٍ نَكَالًا ۱ فَأَذِقْ آخِرَهُمْ نَوَالًا». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.

English

Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “O Allah, You made the first of Quraysh taste punishment 1, so make the last of them taste favor.” [Narrated by At-Tirmidhi]

Notes / الحواشي
English notes

1 His statement “punishment”: likely referring to the disgrace, torment, and killing that befell their early ones due to their disbelief and denial of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). “Favor” refers to the honor, sovereignty, caliphate, and leadership attained by their later ones, beyond description. (As stated in Al-Lama’at)

الحواشي

۱ قوله: نكالا : لعل المراد بالنكال ما أصاب أوائلهم بكفرهم وإنكارهم على رسول الله الله من الخزي والعذاب والقتل وبالنوال ما حصل لأواخرهم من العزة والملك والخلافة والإمارة ما لا يحيط بوصفه البيان. كذا في «اللمعات».

Cross-references
Tirmidhi
6052

Hadith 6052

Volume 5 · Virtues (Fada’il) · The Virtues of Quraysh and the Mention of the Tribes
العربية

وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «الْمُلْكُ۱ فِي قُرَيْشٍ، وَالْقَضَاءُ فِي الْأَنْصَارِ، وَالْأَذَانُ فِي الْحَبَشَةِ، وَالْأَمَانَةُ۲ فِي الْأَزْدِ». يَعْنِي الْيَمَنَ. وَفِي۳ رِوَايَةٍ مَوْقُوْفًا. رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ، وَقَالَ: هَذَا أَصَحُ.

English

Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Sovereignty 1 is with Quraysh, judgment is with the Ansar, the call to prayer is with the Abyssinians, and trustworthiness 2 is with the Azd,” meaning Yemen. In 3 another narration, it is stopped (mawquf). [Narrated by At-Tirmidhi, who said: This is more authentic]

Notes / الحواشي
English notes

1 His statement “Sovereignty”: with dammah, meaning the caliphate. His statement “judgment is with the Ansar”: meaning judicial judgment, as he sent Mu‘adh as a judge to Yemen, saying: “The most knowledgeable of them in lawful and unlawful is Mu‘adh.” It likely means these positions should be observed for them, so it is a report with the meaning of a command. (As stated in Al-Mirqat and Al-Lama’at)

2 His statement “trustworthiness is with the Azd”: meaning Azd Shanuwah, a tribe from Yemen. This does not contradict some narrators saying “meaning Yemen,” but the apparent meaning is the general people of Yemen, as they are softer-hearted and people of trust and faith, and Allah knows best. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

3 His statement “In another narration, stopped”: meaning some stopped it at Abu Hurairah without attributing it to the Prophet (ﷺ), but such a stopped narration has the ruling of being elevated (marfu‘). (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

الحواشي

۱ قوله: الملك بالضم أي الخلافة. وقوله: والقضاء في الأنصار المراد بالقضاء القضاء المعروف لبعثه معاذا قاضيا إلى اليمن. وقال : أعلمهم بالحلال والحرام معاذ. ولعل المراد به ينبغي أن يراعي هذه المناصب فيهم، فهو خبر في معنى الأمر . التقطته من «المرقاة» و«اللمعات».

۲ قوله: الأمانة في الأزد أي أزد شنوءة، وهم حي من اليمن، ولا ينافي قول بعض الرواة: يعني اليمن»، لكن الظاهر المتبادر من كلامه إرادة عموم أهل اليمن؛ فإنهم أرق أفئدة وأهل أمن وإيمان، والله أعلم. كذا في «المرقاة».

۳ قوله: وفي رواية : موقوفًا، والمعنى أنه وقفه بعضهم على أبي هريرة، ولم يرفعه إلى النبي ، لكن مثله موقوفا يكون حكمه مرفوعا. كذا في «المرقاة».

Cross-references
Tirmidhi
6053

Hadith 6053

Volume 5 · Virtues (Fada’il) · The Virtues of Quraysh and the Mention of the Tribes
العربية

وَعَنْهُ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ : قُرَيْشُ وَالْأَنْصَارُ وَجُهَيْنَهُ وَمُزَيْنَهُ وَأَسْلَمُ وَغِفَارُ وَأَشْجَعُ مَوَالِيَّ ۱ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ مَوْلًى دُونَ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.

English

Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Quraysh, the Ansar, Juhaynah, Muzaynah, Aslam, Ghifar, and Ashja‘ are my allies 1; they have no ally other than Allah and His Messenger.” [Agreed Upon]

Notes / الحواشي
English notes

1 His statement “my allies”: with fathah on mim, kasrah on lam, and tashdid on the ya under it, plural of mawla, attached to the speaker’s ya, meaning my beloved and supporters. An-Nawawi said: They are his supporters and closely associated with him, and he is their ally, supporter, and caretaker of their interests, as he said: “They have no ally other than Allah and His Messenger.” (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

الحواشي

۱ قوله : موالي: بفتح الميم وكسر اللام وتشديد الياء التحتية جمع مولى مضافا إلى ياء المتكلم، أي أحبائي وأنصاري. وقال النووي: أي هم ناصروه والمختصون به، وهو أيضًا وليهم وناصرهم والمتكفل بهم وبمصالحهم؛ لقوله: ليس لهم مولى دون الله ورسوله». كذا في «المرقاة».

Cross-references
BukhariMuslim
Other collections
6054

Hadith 6054

Volume 5 · Virtues (Fada’il) · The Virtues of Quraysh and the Mention of the Tribes
العربية

وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «غِفَارُ۱ غَفَرَ اللهُ لَهَا، وَأَسْلَمُ سَالَمَهَا اللهُ، وَعُصَيَّةُ عَصَتِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ. مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.

English

Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Ghifar, may Allah forgive it; Aslam, may Allah grant it peace; and Usayyah has disobeyed Allah and His Messenger.” [Agreed Upon]

Notes / الحواشي
English notes

1 His statement “Ghifar, may Allah forgive it, etc.”: In Sharh as-Sunnah, it is said: He prayed for Ghifar and Aslam because they entered Islam without war. Ghifar was accused of robbing pilgrims, so the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) prayed that their sin be erased and forgiven. As for Usayyah, they killed the reciters at Bi’r Ma‘unah, so the Prophet (ﷺ) invoked qunut against them. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

الحواشي

۱ قوله: غفار غفر الله لها إلخ: وفي شرح السنة: قيل: إنما دعا لغفار وأسلم؛ لأن دخولهما في الإسلام كان من غير حرب، وكانت غفار متهمة بسرقة الحجاج، فدعا رسول الله له بأن يمحو عنهم تلك السيئة، ويغفرها لهم، وأما عصية فهم الذين قتلوا القراء ببئر معونة، فكان النبي ﷺ يقنت عليهم. كذا في «المرقاة».

Cross-references
BukhariMuslim
6055

Hadith 6055

Volume 5 · Virtues (Fada’il) · The Virtues of Quraysh and the Mention of the Tribes
العربية

وَعَنْ أَبِي بَكْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «أَسْلَمُ وَغِفَارُ وَمُزَيْنَهُ وَجُهَيْنَةُ خَيْرٌ مِنْ بَنِي تَمِيمٍ وَمِنْ بَنِي عَامِرٍ وَالْخَلِيفَيْنِ۱ بَنِي أَسَدٍ وَغَطَفَانَ. مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.

English

Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Aslam, Ghifar, Muzaynah, and Juhaynah are better than Banu Tamim, Banu Amir, and the two allies 1, Banu Asad and Ghatfan.” [Agreed Upon]

Notes / الحواشي
English notes

1 His statement “and the two allies”: meaning those allied for mutual support, Banu Asad, with fathah then sukoon, and Ghatfan, with two fathahs, in apposition to “the two allies” or as an explanatory conjunction. An-Nawawi said: These tribes were favored due to their early acceptance of Islam and their good conduct in rulings. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

الحواشي

۱ قوله : والحليفين: أي ومن الحليفين، يعني المتحالفين على التناصر. بني أسد بفتح فسكون. وغطفان» بفتحتين وهما بدل من الحليفين أو عطف بيان قال النووي وتفضيل تلك القبائل لسبقهم إلى الإسلام، وحسن آثارهم في الأحكام. كذا في «المرقاة».

Cross-references
BukhariMuslim
The Six Books
6056

Hadith 6056

Volume 5 · Virtues (Fada’il) · The Virtues of Quraysh and the Mention of the Tribes
العربية

وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه)قَالَ: مَا زِلْتُ أُحِبُّ بَنِي تَمِيمٍ مُنْذُ ثَلَاثٍ۱ سَمِعْتُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ فِيهِمْ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: «هُمْ أَشَدُّ أُمَّتِي عَلَى الدَّجَّالِ». قَالَ: وَجَاءَتْ صَدَقَاتُهُمْ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: هَذِهِ صَدَقَاتُ قَوْمِنَا. وَكَانَتْ سَبِيَّةٌ مِنْهُمْ عِنْدَ عَائِشَةَ فَقَالَ: «أَعْتِقِيهَا فَإِنَّهَا مِنْ وَلَدِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.

قَالَ ابْنُ الْمَلِكِ فِي قَوْلِهِ : سَبِيَّةٌ مِنْهُمْ» دَلِيْلٌ عَلَى جَوَازِ اسْتِرْقَاقِ الْعَرَبِ كَمَا هُوَ عِنْدَ الشَّافِعِيِّ، قَالَ عَلِيُّ الْقَارِي: وَفِي اسْتِدْلَالِهِ نَظَرُ لَا يَخْفَى، قُلْتُ: لِأَنَّ خِلَافَنَا فِي الرِّجَالِ لَا فِي النِّسَاءِ، فَكَيْفَ يُسْتَدَلُّ بِقَوْلِهِ : سَبِيَّةٌ». عَلَى جَوَازِ اسْتِرْقَاقِ رِجَالِ مُشْرِكِي الْعَرَبِ، فَتَأَمَّلْ.

English

Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: I have loved Banu Tamim since three 1 things I heard from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) about them. I heard him say: “They are the fiercest of my nation against the Dajjal.” He said: When their alms came, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “These are the alms of our people.” A captive woman from them was with Aishah, and he said: “Free her, for she is from the progeny of Ismail.” [Agreed Upon]

Ibn al-Malik said regarding “a captive woman from them”: This is evidence for the permissibility of enslaving Arabs, as per the Shafi‘i view. Ali al-Qari said: His inference is questionable, as our disagreement is about men, not women. How can his statement “a captive woman” be used to prove the permissibility of enslaving male polytheist Arabs? Reflect on this.

Notes / الحواشي
English notes

1 His statement “since three”: meaning three qualities. His statement “I heard”: describes three, with the pronoun omitted, meaning I heard them. “From the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) saying about them” is a circumstantial clause, meaning saying it about them. The meaning: I have always loved them since the time the Prophet (ﷺ) said three qualities about them. His statement “I heard him say” is an explanation or substitute for “I heard from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ),” detailing the three qualities. His statement “captive woman”: with fathah then kasrah then tashdid on the ya under it, meaning a female prisoner. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

الحواشي

۱ قوله : منذ ثلاث أي خصال. وقوله: «سمعت صفة لثلاث، والعائد محذوف، أي سمعتها. من رسول الله ﷺ يقول فيهم جملة حالية، أي قائلا إياها في حقهم، والمعنى إني دائما أحبهم من الوقت الذي قال النبي ﷺ في حقهم: ثلاث خصال. وقوله: «سمعته يقول بيان أو بدل لقوله: سمعت من رسول الله ﷺ، وبالجملة هو تفصيل للخصال الثلاث. وقوله: «سبية» بفتح فكسر فتشديد تحتية، أي أسيرة. التقطته من «المرقاة».

Cross-references
BukhariMuslim
6057

Hadith 6057

Volume 5 · Virtues (Fada’il) · The Virtues of Quraysh and the Mention of the Tribes
العربية

وَعَنْ أَبِي عَامِرٍ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: نِعْمَ الْحَيُّ الْأَسْدُ وَالْأَشْعَرِيُّونَ، لَا يَفِرُّونَ۱ فِي الْقِتَالِ وَلَا يَغُلُّونَ، هُمْ مِنِّي وَأَنَا مِنْهُمْ». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.

English

Abu Amir al-Ash‘ari (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Excellent is the tribe of Asad and the Ash‘ariyyun; they do not flee 1 in battle nor do they misappropriate spoils. They are from me, and I am from them.” [Narrated by At-Tirmidhi]

Notes / الحواشي
English notes

1 His statement “they do not flee in battle”: meaning during their fighting with disbelievers, a circumstance of the two tribes. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

الحواشي

۱ قوله : لا يفرون في القتال: أي في حال قتالهم مع الكفار، وهو حال من القبيلتين. كذا في «المرقاة».

Cross-references
Tirmidhi
6058

Hadith 6058

Volume 5 · Virtues (Fada’il) · The Virtues of Quraysh and the Mention of the Tribes
العربية

وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «الْأَرْدُ۱ أُسْدُ اللهِ فِي الْأَرْضِ، يُرِيدُ النَّاسُ أَنْ يَضَعُوهُمْ وَيَأْبَى اللَّهُ إِلَّا أَنْ يَرْفَعَهُمْ، وَلَيَأْتِيَنَّ عَلَى النَّاسِ زَمَانٌ يَقُولُ الرَّجُلُ : يَا لَيْتَ أَبِي كَانَ أَزْدِيًا ، يَا لَيْتَ أُمِّي كَانَتْ أَزْدِيَّةً». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.

English

Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “The Azd 1 are the lions of Allah on earth. People wish to lower them, but Allah refuses except to raise them. A time will come upon people when a man will say: ‘Would that my father were an Azdi, would that my mother were an Azdiyyah.’” [Narrated by At-Tirmidhi]

Notes / الحواشي
English notes

1 His statement “The Azd”: meaning Azd Shanuwah, a forefather of a Yemeni tribe, from whom all the Ansar descend. His statement “lions of Allah”: meaning His soldiers and supporters of His religion. The Qadi said: They are attributed to Allah as His party and supporters of His Messenger. At-Tibi said: His statement “lions of Allah” has several interpretations. First, they are known by this name because they are steadfast in war and do not flee, as mentioned in the previous Hadith. Second, the attribution is for honor and distinction, like the House of Allah or the She-Camel of Allah, as indicated by his statement: “People wish to lower them, etc.” Third, it refers to courage, with the expression being metaphorical, i.e., the lions are Allah’s lions, either for rhyming or by changing sin to zay. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

الحواشي

۱ قوله: الأزد: أي أزد شنوءة وهو أبو حي من اليمن، ومن أولاده الأنصار كلهم. وقوله: «أزد الله» أي جنده وأنصار دينه. قال القاضي : وأضافهم إلى الله تعالى من حيث إنهم حزبه وأهل نصرة رسوله.

قال الطيبي: قوله: «أزد الله يحتمل وجوها، أحدها اشتهارهم بهذا الاسم؛ لأنهم ثابتون في الحرب لا يفرون، على ما مر في الحديث السابق، وعليه كلام القاضي. وثانيها أن تكون الإضافة للاختصاص والتشريف، كبيت الله وناقة الله على ما يدل عليه قوله: يريد الناس أن يضعوهم إلخ». وثالثها: أن يراد بها الشجاعة، والكلام على التشبيه، أي الأسد أسد الله، فجاء به إما مشاكلة أو قلب السين زايا. كذا في «المرقاة».

Cross-references
Tirmidhi
6059

Hadith 6059

Volume 5 · Virtues (Fada’il) · The Virtues of Quraysh and the Mention of the Tribes
العربية

وَعَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: مَاتَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَكْرَهُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَحْيَاءٍ ثَقِيفًا ۱ وَبَنِي حَنِيفَةَ وَبَنِي أُمَيَّةَ. رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.

English

Imran ibn Husayn (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: The Prophet (ﷺ) passed away disliking three tribes: Thaqif 1, Banu Hanifah, and Banu Umayyah. [Narrated by At-Tirmidhi]

Notes / الحواشي
English notes

1 His statement “Thaqif, etc.”: Scholars said: He disliked Thaqif because of Al-Hajjaj, Banu Hanifah because of Musaylimah, and Banu Umayyah because of Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad. Bukhari said: Ibn Sirin said: Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad was brought the head of Husayn and placed it in a basin, prodding it with a stick. At-Tirmidhi said in Al-Jami‘: Ammarah ibn Umayr said: When the heads of Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad and his companions were brought to the mosque’s courtyard, I approached them, and they said: “It has come.” A snake came, entered Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad’s nostril, stayed a while, then left and disappeared. They said: “It has come,” and it did so two or three times. At-Tirmidhi said: This Hadith is authentic. (As stated in Al-Azhar and Al-Mirqat)

الحواشي

۱ قوله: ثقيف إلخ : قال العلماء: إنما كره ثقيفا للحجاج وبني حنيفة لمسيلمة وبني أمية لعبيد الله بن زياد. قال البخاري: قال ابن سيرين أتى عبيد الله بن زياد برأس الحسين، فجعله في طست، وجعل ينكته بقضيب. وقال الترمذي في «الجامع»: قال عمارة بن عمير : لما جيء برأس عبيد الله بن زياد وأصحابه في رحبة المسجد فانتهيت إليهم فقالوا: قد جاءت، فإذا حية قد جاءت حتى دخلت في منخر عبيد الله بن زياد فمكثت ساعة، ثم خرجت فذهبت حتى تغيبت، ثم قالوا: قد جاءت ففعلت ذلك مرتين أو ثلاثا. قال الترمذي : هذا حديث صحيح، كذا في «الأزهار». قاله في المرقاة».

Cross-references
Tirmidhi
6060

Hadith 6060

Volume 5 · Virtues (Fada’il) · The Virtues of Quraysh and the Mention of the Tribes
العربية

وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ : فِي ثَقِيفَ كَذَّابٌ وَمُبِيرُ».۱ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ ابْنُ عِصْمَةٍ : يُقَالُ: الْكَذَّابُ۲ هُوَ الْمُخْتَارُ بْنُ أَبِي عُبَيْدٍ، وَالْمُبِيرُ۳ هُوَ الْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، وَقَالَ هِشَامُ بْنُ حَسَّانَ: أَحْصَوْا مَا قَتَلَ الْحَجَّاجُ صَبْرًا٤ فَبَلَغَ مِائَةَ أَلْفٍ وَعِشْرِينَ أَلْفًا. رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.

وَرَوَى مُسْلِمُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ»: حِيْنَ قَتَلَ الْحَجَّاجُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ قَالَتْ أَسْمَاءُ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ حَدَّثَنَا أَنَّ فِي ثَقِيفِ كَذَّابًا وَمُبِيرًا، فَأَمَّا الْكَذَّابُ فَرَأَيْنَاهُ، وَأَمَّا الْمُبِيرُ فَلَا إِخَالُكَ إِلَّا إِيَّاهُ.

English

Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “In Thaqif, there is a liar and a destroyer 1.” Abdullah ibn Ismah said: It is said the liar 2 is Al-Mukhtar ibn Abi Ubayd, and the destroyer 3 is Al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf. Hisham ibn Hassan said: They counted those Al-Hajjaj killed in captivity 4, reaching one hundred twenty thousand. [Narrated by At-Tirmidhi]

Muslim narrated in As-Sahih: When Al-Hajjaj killed Abdullah ibn az-Zubayr, Asma said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) told us that in Thaqif there would be a liar and a destroyer. As for the liar, we have seen him; as for the destroyer, I think it is none but you.

Notes / الحواشي
English notes

1 His statement “destroyer”: meaning a corrupter and annihilator. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

2 His statement “the liar is Al-Mukhtar ibn Abi Ubayd”: with diminutive form, meaning Ibn Mas‘ud ath-Thaqafi. He rose after Husayn’s martyrdom, calling people to seek his vengeance, aiming to draw people’s favor to himself and gain leadership. He sought worldly gain deceptively, as the Qadi mentioned. Some said he hated Ali. Others said he claimed prophethood in Kufa, hence called a liar, claiming Jibril brought him revelation, as Ibn al-Malik noted. Ibn Abd al-Barr said: His father was among the companions; Al-Mukhtar was born in the year of Hijrah, had no companionship, narration, or sighting, and his reports are unsatisfactory. He was initially counted among the virtuous and good, but his pursuit of leadership until Mus‘ab ibn az-Zubayr killed him in 77 AH revealed what he concealed. He falsely sought Husayn’s vengeance to mask his pursuit of worldly gain and leadership. His rule lasted sixteen months. It is said he was initially a Khariji, then a Zubayri, then a Rafidi. He harbored hatred for Ali (may Allah honor his face) but showed it due to his weak intellect at times, as Mirak cited from At-Tashih. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

3 His statement “the destroyer is Al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf”: The author of Mishkat said: He was Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan’s governor over Iraq and Khurasan, then his son Al-Walid’s, and died in Wasit in Shawwal 75 AH, aged fifty-four. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

4 His statement “in captivity”: with fathah then sukoon, meaning detained or imprisoned, not in battle or stealth. His statement “I think it is none but you”: The commentator said “I think” with fathah means estimation, but with kasrah is more eloquent, meaning I do not suppose it is anyone but you. It is said: The apparent meaning is “I think it is none but you,” with the second object advanced for emphasis. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

الحواشي

۱ قوله : مبير : أي مفسد ومهلك. كذا في «المرقاة».

۲ قوله: الكذاب هو المختار بن أبي عبيد بالتصغير، وهو ابن مسعود الثقفي، قام بعد وقعة الحسين ودعا الناس إلى طلب ثاره، وكان غرضه في ذلك أن يصرف إلى نفسه وجوه الناس ويتوسل به إلى الإمارة، وكان طالبا لدنيا مدلسا في تحصيلها، كذا ذكره القاضي. وقيل: كان يبغض عليا. وقيل: كان يدعي النبوة بكوفة فسمي كذابا، ومن جملة كذبه دعواه أن جبريل يأتيه بالوحي، ذكره ابن المك. وقال ابن عبد البر : كان أبوه من جملة الصحابة، ولد المختار عام الهجرة، وليست له صحبة ولا رواية ولا رؤية وأخباره غير مرضية، وذلك من طلب الإمارة إلى أن قتله مصعب بن الزبير سنة سبع وسبعين، وكان قبل ذلك معدودا في أهل الفضل والخير، يظهر بذلك كله، ولا يكتم الفسق، فظهر منه ما كان يكتمه إلى أن فارق ابن الزبير وطلب الإمارة، وكان المختار يزيف بطلب دم الحسين، ويستر طلب الدنيا والإمارة، فيأتي منه الكذب والجنون، وإنما كانت أمارته ستة عشر شهرا، ويقال: كان في أول أمره خارجيا، ثم صار زبيريا، ثم صارا رافضيا، وكان يضمر بغض علي كرم الله وجهه، ويظهر منه لضعف عقله أحيانا، كذا نقله ميرك عن التصحيح. كذا في «المرقاة».

۳ قوله: المبير هو الحجاج بن يوسف: قال صاحب المشكاة»: هو عامل عبد الملك بن مروان على العراق وخراسان وبعده لابنه الوليد، مات بواسط في شوال سنة خمس وسبعين، وعمره أربع وخمسون سنة. كذا في «المرقاة».

٤ قوله: صبرا بفتح فسكون، أي مصبورا، يعني محبوسا مأسورًا لا في معركة ولا خلسة. وقوله: «فلا أخالك» قال شارح أخال بالفتح هو القياس، وبالكسر وهو الأفصح، أي لا أظنك إلا إياه. قيل : والظاهر فلا أخاله إلا إياك، فقدمت المفعول الثاني للاهتمام. كذا في «المرقاة».

Cross-references
MuslimTirmidhi
6061

Hadith 6061

Volume 5 · Virtues (Fada’il) · The Virtues of Quraysh and the Mention of the Tribes
العربية

وَعَنْ أَبِي نَوْفَلٍ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ عَلَى عَقَبَةِ۱ الْمَدِينَةِ، قَالَ: فَجَعَلَتْ قُرَيْشُ تَمُرُّ عَلَيْهِ وَالنَّاسُ حَتَّى مَرَّ عَلَيْهِ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ، فَوَقَفَ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ: السَّلَامُ۲ عَلَيْكَ أَبَا خُبَيْبِ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ أَبَا خُبَيْبٍ، السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ أَبَا خُبَيْبٍ، أَمَا وَاللهِ لَقَدْ۳ كُنْتُ أَنْهَاكَ عَنْ هَذَا، أَمَا وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ كُنْتُ أَنْهَاكَ عَنْ هَذَا ، أَمَا وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ كُنْتُ أَنْهَاكَ عَنْ هَذَا ، أَمَا ٤ وَاللَّهِ إِنْ كُنْتَ مَا عَلِمْتُ صَوَّامًا قَوَّامًا وَصُولًا لِلرَّحِمِ ، أَمَا٥ وَاللهِ لَأُمَّةٌ أَنْتَ أَشَرُّهَا لَأُمَّةٌ سُوءُ. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لَأُمَّةٌ خَيْرُ، ثُمَّ نَفَذَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ فَبَلَغَ الْحَجَّاجَ مَوْقِفُ عَبْدِ اللهِ وَقَوْلُهُ، فَأَرْسَلَ٦ إِلَيْهِ فَأُنْزِلَ عَنْ جِذْعِهِ فَأُلْقِيَ فِي قُبُورِ الْيَهُودِ، ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَ إِلَى أُمِّهِ أَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَأَبَتْ أَنْ تَأْتِيَهُ، فَأَعَادَ عَلَيْهَا الرَّسُولَ لَتَأْتِيَنِّي أَوْ لَأَبْعَثَنَّ إِلَيْكِ مَنْ يَسْحَبُكِ بِقُرُونِكِ، قَالَ: فَأَبَتْ، وَقَالَتْ: وَاللَّهِ لَا آتِيكَ حَتَّى تَبْعَثَ إِلَيَّ مَنْ يَسْحَبُنِي بِقُرُونِي، قَالَ: فَقَالَ: أَرُونِي٧ سِبْتَيَّ فَأَخَذَ نَعْلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ يَتَوَذَفُ حَتَّى دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا، فَقَالَ: كَيْفَ رَأَيْتِنِي صَنَعْتُ بِعَدُوَّ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَتْ: رَأَيْتُكَ أَفْسَدْتَ عَلَيْهِ دُنْيَاهُ وَأَفْسَدَ عَلَيْكَ آخِرَتَكَ، بَلَغَنِي أَنَّكَ تَقُولُ لَهُ: يَا ابْنَ۸ ذَاتِ النَّطَاقَيْنِ، أَنَا وَاللَّهِ ذَاتُ النَّطَاقَيْنِ، أَمَّا أَحَدُهُمَا فَكُنْتُ أَرْفَعُ بِهِ طَعَامَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَطَعَامَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ مِنَ الدَّوَابِّ، وَأَمَّا الْآخَرُ فَنِطَاقُ الْمَرْأَةِ الَّتِي لَا تَسْتَغْنِي عَنْهُ أَمَا إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَدَّثَنَا أَنَّ فِي ثَقِيفٍ كَذَّابًا وَمُبِيرًا، فَأَمَّا الْكَذَّابُ فَرَأَيْنَاهُ، وَأَمَّا الْمُبِيرُ فَلَا إِخَالُكَ إِلَّا إِيَّاهُ. قَالَ: فَقَامَ عَنْهَا وَلَمْ يُرَاجِعُهَا. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.

English

Abu Nawfal Muawiyah ibn Muslim narrated: I saw Abdullah ibn az-Zubayr at the pass of 1 Madinah, and Quraysh and people passed by him until Abdullah ibn Umar passed and stopped by him, saying: “Peace be upon you, Abu Khubayb, peace be upon you, Abu Khubayb, peace be upon you, Abu Khubayb. By Allah, I had 2 forbidden you from this, by Allah, I had forbidden you from this, by Allah, I had forbidden you from this. By Allah, as far as I know, you were 3 one who fasted much, stood in prayer much, and maintained family ties. By Allah, a nation whose worst is you is a wretched 4 nation.” In another narration: “a virtuous nation.” Then Abdullah ibn Umar moved on. Al-Hajjaj was informed of Abdullah’s stance and words, so he sent 5 for him, and he was taken down from his trunk and cast into the graves of the Jews. Then he sent for his mother, Asma bint Abi Bakr, but she refused to come. He sent a messenger again, saying: “You will come to me, or I will send someone to drag you by your braids.” She refused and said: “By Allah, I will not come to you until you send someone to drag me by my braids.” He said: “Show me 6 my sandals.” He took his sandals, then set off hurriedly until he entered upon her, saying: “How did you see me deal with the enemy of Allah?” She said: “I saw you ruin his worldly life, and he ruined your Hereafter. I heard you call him ‘O son 7 of Dhatt an-Nitaqayn.’ By Allah, I am Dhatt an-Nitaqayn. One of them I used to raise the food of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and Abu Bakr from the animals, and the other is the woman’s waistband, which she cannot do without. Indeed, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) told us that in Thaqif there would be a liar and a destroyer. As for the liar, we have seen him; as for the destroyer, I think it is none but you.” He stood and left without responding to her. [Narrated by Muslim]

Notes / الحواشي
English notes

1 His statement “at the pass of Madinah”: meaning the pass of Makkah, on the route of Madinah’s people when they descend to Makkah, where Abdullah ibn az-Zubayr was crucified. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

2 His statement “Peace be upon you, Abu Khubayb, etc.”: This indicates the desirability of repeating the greeting of peace three times to the deceased, even before burial. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

3 His statement “I had forbidden you from this”: “this” refers to his crucifixion. The meaning: I forbade you from what led to what I see you in. At-Tibi said: This aligns with Allah’s words: “They only consume fire into their bellies” [An-Nisa: 10]. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

4 His statement “By Allah, as far as I know”: “know” is lightened from heavy, with the pronoun of the affair omitted. “You were” is extra. “Fasted much”: meaning frequent fasting by day; “stood in prayer much”: meaning frequent praying by night; “maintained family ties”: with fathah on waw, meaning diligent in family connections. Ibn Umar intended to absolve Ibn az-Zubayr of what Al-Hajjaj attributed to him, like “enemy of Allah” or “oppressor,” and to inform people of his virtues, that Ibn az-Zubayr was wronged and unjustly killed, lived blessed, and died a martyr. An-Nawawi said: This is a great virtue for Ibn Umar for speaking the truth publicly, unconcerned about Al-Hajjaj, knowing his stance and praise would reach him, yet he did not refrain from speaking the truth. Our position is that Ibn az-Zubayr was wronged. I see no disagreement in any school except among the Khawarij. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

5 His statement “By Allah, a nation”: repeated for emphasis. His statement “a nation”: meaning the community; “whose worst is you”: according to their claim; “is a wretched nation”: with fathah or dammah on sin, meaning corrupt in their understanding and belief. “A nation” is the subject, and “whose worst is you” is its description, meaning a nation where the worst, according to people’s evil, is a wretched nation. The ruling is hypothetical or presumptive, or claimed and denied. In another narration: “a virtuous nation,” meaning mockingly or sarcastically, like when some said, upon Abu Yazid al-Bistami’s expulsion from his town: “Abu Yazid, the worst of its people, what a fine town.” (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

6 His statement “he sent”: meaning Al-Hajjaj sent for him, i.e., Ibn az-Zubayr, and “he was taken down” in the passive, from his trunk, i.e., what he was crucified on, and “cast” in the passive, meaning thrown into the graves of the Jews. This does not contradict that he was buried in the upper Ma‘la, as he was later moved from that lower place and buried in the upper place. (As stated in Al-Mirqat) 7 His statement “Show me my sandals”: with kasrah on sin, sukoon on ba, fathah on ta, and tashdid on ya under it, meaning my shoes, i.e., bring them to me. He took his shoes and wore them, then set off hurriedly, with waw and dotted dhal with tashdid. Abu Ubayd said: It means to hasten. Others said: To swagger. His statement “with the enemy of Allah”: meaning her son, according to his corrupt claim. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

8 His statement “O son of Dhatt an-Nitaqayn”: with kasrah on nun, meaning the waistband a woman ties around her waist during work to lift her garment. She was called so because she cut her waistband in half during the Messenger of Allah’s (ﷺ) migration, tying her water skin with one and her food container with the other, so the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) called her Dhatt an-Nitaqayn that day. It is said: She tied her food container with one and her waist with the other for work. Al-Hajjaj, in his malice, took the term Dhatt an-Nitaqayn to mean something degrading, as if she were a servant tying her waistband for service. She acknowledged being Dhatt an-Nitaqayn, but not in that sense, as she indicated by saying: “By Allah, I am Dhatt an-Nitaqayn, etc.” At-Tibi said: This is like Allah’s words: “They say, ‘He is an ear.’ Say, ‘An ear of goodness for you, believing in Allah and trusting the believers’” [At-Tawbah: 61]. It is as if it were said: Yes, he is an ear, as you said, but an ear of goodness, not evil, acknowledging their statement but interpreting it as praise, though they intended blame. His statement “from the animals”: relates to “I used to raise,” meaning I tied their food container and hung it up, fearing animals like rats or ants. His statement “he did not respond to her”: meaning he did not reply to her. She passed away ten days after her son’s killing, aged one hundred, without losing a tooth. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

الحواشي

۱ قوله : على عقبة المدينة: يريد على عقبة مكة واقعة في طريق أهل المدينة حين ينزلون مكة، وكان عبد الله بن الزبير مصلوبا هناك. كذا في «المرقاة».

۲ قوله: السلام عليك أبا حبيب إلخ فيه استحباب تثليث السلام على الميت، ولو قبل الدفن. كذا في «المرقاة».

۳ قوله: لقد كنت أنهاك عن هذا المشار إليه بـ هذا صلبه، والمعنى كنت أنهاك عما يؤدي إلى ما أراك فيه. قال الطيبي: فعلى هذا هو من وادي قوله تعالى: ﴿ إِنَّمَا يَأْكُلُونَ فِي بُطُونِهِمْ نَارًا ) (النساء: ١٠). كذا في «المرقاة». ٤ قوله : أما بالتخفيف للتنبيه والله إن كنت إن هي المخففة من المثقلة، وضمير الشأن محذوف. وقوله: «ما» زائدة «علمت أي علمتك صواما» أي كثير الصيام في النهار، «قواما» كثير القيام في الليل، وصولا» بفتح الواو، أي مبالغا في الصلة للرحم أي للقرابة. وقد أراد ابن عمر بهذا القول براءة ابن الزبير مما نسب إليه الحجاج من قول: عدو الله وظالم ونحوه، وإعلام الناس بمحاسنه، وأن ابن الزبير كان مظلوما ومرجوما، وعاش سعيدا ومات شهيدا. وقال النووي فيه منقبة عظيمة لابن عمر لقوله الحق في الملأ وعدم اكتراثه بالحجاج؛ لأنه يعلم أن مقامه وثناءه عليه يبلغه، فلم يمنعه ذلك أن يقول الحق، ومذهبنا أن ابن الزبير كان مظلوما، انتهى. ولا أظن أن فيه خلافا في مذهب من المذاهب إلا عند الخوارج التقطته من «المرقاة».

٥ قوله : إما كرره تأكيدا. وقوله : والله لأمة» أي الجماعة، أنت شرها أي بزعمهم. الأمة سوء بفتح السين وتضم، أي لفساد فهمهم وسوء اعتقادهم. وقوله: «الأمة» مبتدأ و أنت شرها صفتها، أي ولأمة أنت أكثر من وصل إليه شر الناس لامة سوء، فالحكم فرضي وتقديري، أو زعمي وادعائي على طريق الإنكاري. وفي رواية: «لامة خير». فهو على سبيل تهكمي واستهزائي، وهو نظير ما قال بعضهم حين إخراج أبي يزيد البسطامي من بلده بلد أبو يزيد شر أهلها نعم البلد. كذا في «المرقاة».

٦ قوله: فأرسل : أي الحجاج إليه» أي إلى ابن الزبير فأنزل» بصيغة المجهول عن جذعه» أي المصلوب عليه، فألقي» بصيغة المجهول، أي فطرح في قبور اليهود. وهذا لا ينافي ما سبق من أنه مدفون في أعلى المعلى؛ لأنه حمل بعد ذلك من ذلك المحل الأدنى، ودفن في الموضع الأعلى. كذا في «المرقاة».

٧ قوله: أروني سبتي بكسر السين المهملة وسكون الموحدة وفتح الفوقية وتشديد التحتية، أي نعلي، والمعنى ائتوني بهما، فأخذ نعليه فلبسهما، ثم انطلق يتوذف بالواو والذال المعجمة والمشددة. قال أبو عبيد: معناه يسرع. وقيل: يتبختر. وقوله: «بعدو الله أراد به ابنها على زعمه الفاسد. التقطته من المرقاة».

۸ قوله : يا ابن ذات النطاقين: بكسر النون، وهو ما تشد به المرأة وسطها عند معافاة الأشغال، لترفع به ثوبها، وسميت بذلك؛ لأنها قطعت نطاقها نصفين عند مهاجرة رسول الله ، وشدت بأحدهما قربته وبالآخر سفرت فسماها رسول الله ﷺ يومئذ ذات النطاقين. وقيل: شدت بأحدهما سفرته وبالآخر وسطها للشغل، وكان الحجاج من خبثه حمل قوله في حقها ذات النطاقين على الدم، وأنها خدامة تشد نطاقها للخدمة، فكأنها سلمت أنها ذات نطاقين، ولكن نطاق ليس هذا شأنه، وإليه أشار بقولها: «أنا والله ذات النطاقين إلخ». قال الطيبي: وهو نظير قوله تعالى: ﴿ وَيَقُولُونَ هُوَ أُذُنٌ قُلْ أُذُنُ خَيْرٍ لَّكُمْ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَيُؤْمِنُ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ ﴾ (التوبة: ٦١) كأنه قيل : نعم هو أذن كما قلتم إلا أنه أذن خير لا أذن شر، فسلم لهم قولهم فيه، إلا أنه فسر بما هو مدح، وإن كانوا قصدوا بذلك المذمة. وقوله: «من الدواب متعلق بـ «أرفع أي أربط به سفرة طعامهما، وأعلقها مرفوعة خشية من الدواب كالفارة والذرة ونحوهما. وقوله: «فلم يراجعها أي فلم يردها في الكلام، ثم إنها ماتت بعد قتل ابنها بعشرة أيام، ولها مائة سنة، ولم يقع لها سن التقطته من المرقاة».

Cross-references
Muslim
The Six Books
6062

Hadith 6062

Volume 5 · Virtues (Fada’il) · The Virtues of Quraysh and the Mention of the Tribes
العربية

وَعَنْ نَافِعٍ: أَنَّ ابْنَ عُمَرَ أَتَاهُ رَجُلَانِ فِي فِتْنَةِ۱ ابْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، فَقَالَا: إِنَّ النَّاسَ صَنَعُوا مَا تَرَى وَأَنْتَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ وَصَاحِبُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَمَا يَمْنَعُكَ أَنْ تَخْرُجَ؟ فَقَالَ: يَمْنَعُنِي أَنَّ اللَّهَ حَرَّمَ دَمَ أَخِي ، قَالَا : أَلَمْ يَقُلْ اللهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَقَاتِلُوهُمْ حَتَّى لَا تَكُونَ فِتْنَةٌ ، فَقَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ: قَدْ قَاتَلْنَا حَتَّى لَمْ تَكُنْ فِتْنَةٌ، وَكَانَ الدِّينُ لِلَّهِ، وَأَنْتُمْ تُرِيدُونَ أَنْ تُقَاتِلُوا حَتَّى تَكُونَ فِتْنَةٌ ، وَيَكُونَ الدِّينُ لِغَيْرِ اللَّهِ. رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ.

English

Nafi‘ narrated: Two men came to Ibn Umar during the turmoil 1 of Ibn az-Zubayr, saying: “The people have done what you see, and you are Ibn Umar, a companion of the Prophet (ﷺ). What prevents you from going out?” He said: “What prevents me is that Allah has forbidden the blood of my brother.” They said: “Did Allah not say: ‘And fight them until there is no turmoil’?” Ibn Umar said: “We fought until there was no turmoil, and the religion was for Allah. You want to fight until there is turmoil and the religion is for other than Allah.” [Narrated by Bukhari]

Notes / الحواشي
English notes

1 His statement “during the turmoil of Ibn az-Zubayr”: meaning before his killing. His statement “and you are Ibn Umar”: meaning you were a candidate for caliph and a companion of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), also among his companions, so we do not doubt you are more entitled to the caliphate than Abd al-Malik, whose commanders include Al-Hajjaj. “What prevents you from going out”: meaning against him, given his evident oppression. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

الحواشي

۱ قوله: في فتنة ابن الزبير : أي قبل قتله. وقوله: وأنت ابن عمر أي وقد كان خليفة وصاحب رسول الله ﷺ يعني ومن أصحابه أيضًا، فلا نشك أنك من الوجهين أولى بالخلافة من عبد الملك الذي من جملة أمرائه الحجاج، فما يمنعك أن تخرج أي عليه لظهور كمال ظلمه. كذا في «المرقاة».

Cross-references
Bukhari
6063

Hadith 6063

Volume 5 · Virtues (Fada’il) · The Virtues of Quraysh and the Mention of the Tribes
العربية

وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالُوا : يَا رَسُوْلَ اللهِ أَخْرَقَتْنَا نِبَالُ ثَقِيفٍ فَادْعُ اللَّهَ عَلَيْهِمْ قَالَ: «اللَّهُمَّ اهْدِ ثَقِيفًا». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.

English

Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: They said: “O Messenger of Allah, the arrows of Thaqif have pierced us; curse them.” He said: “O Allah, guide Thaqif.” [Narrated by At-Tirmidhi]

Cross-references
Tirmidhi
The Six Books
6064

Hadith 6064

Volume 5 · Virtues (Fada’il) · The Virtues of Quraysh and the Mention of the Tribes
العربية

وَعَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ عَنْ مِينَاءَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: كُنَّا عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ أَحْسِبُهُ مِنْ قَيْسٍ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ الْعَنْ حِمْيَرًا، فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ، ثُمَّ جَاءَهُ مِنَ الشَّقِّ الْآخَرِ فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ، ثُمَّ جَاءَهُ مِنَ الشَّقِّ الْآخَرِ فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ : رَحِمَ اللهُ حِمْيَرًا، أَفْوَاهُهُمْ۱سَلَامٌ ، وَأَيْدِيهِمْ طَعَامُ، وَهُمْ أَهْلُ أَمْنٍ وَإِيمَانٍ». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.

English

Abd ar-Razzaq narrated from Ma‘mar, from Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him): We were with the Prophet (ﷺ) when a man, I think from Qays, came and said: “O Messenger of Allah, curse Himyar.” He turned away from him. The man came from the other side, and he turned away. He came again from the other side, and he turned away. Then the Prophet (ﷺ) said: “May Allah have mercy on Himyar; their mouths 1 are peace, their hands are food, and they are people of trust and faith.” [Narrated by At-Tirmidhi]

Notes / الحواشي
English notes

1 His statement “their mouths are peace”: meaning they are characterized by peace or a place of peace. “Their hands are food”: meaning characterized by food. The commentator said: The noun is implied for correct interpretation, meaning they spread peace and feed food, combining kindness and sweet speech. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

الحواشي

۱ قوله: أفواههم سلام: أي ذات سلام أو محل سلام. وأيديهم طعام أي ذات طعام. قاله شارح، فالمضاف مقدر لصحة الحمل، والمعنى أنهم يفشون السلام ويطعمون الطعام، فجمعوا بين الإحسان وحلاوة اللسان. كذا في «المرقاة».

Cross-references
Tirmidhi
The Six Books
6065

Hadith 6065

Volume 5 · Virtues (Fada’il) · The Virtues of Quraysh and the Mention of the Tribes
العربية

وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ لِي النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: «مِمَّنْ أَنْتَ؟» . قُلْتُ: مِنْ۱ دَوْسٍ، قَالَ: «مَا كُنْتُ أَرَى أَنَّ فِي دَوْسٍ أَحَدًا فِيهِ خَيْرٌ». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.

English

Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: The Prophet (ﷺ) said to me: “From where are you?” I said: “From 1 Daws.” He said: “I did not think there was anyone in Daws with goodness.” [Narrated by At-Tirmidhi]

Notes / الحواشي
English notes

1 His statement “From Daws”: with fathah then sukoon, a Yemeni tribe from Azd. His statement “I did not think”: with dammah on hamzah in the passive, meaning I did not suppose before that there was anyone in Daws with goodness. In Al-Azhar: This is a virtue for Abu Hurairah and a censure for Daws, were it not for Abu Hurairah. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

الحواشي

۱ قوله: من دوس: بفتح فسكون قبيلة من اليمن من الأزد. وقوله: «ما كنت أرى بضم الهمز على المجهول، أي ما كنت أظن قبل ذلك أن في دوس أحدا فيه خير». قال في الأزهار»: فيه منقبة لأبي هريرة ومذمة لدوس لولا أبو هريرة. كذا في «المرقاة».

Cross-references
Tirmidhi
6066

Hadith 6066

Volume 5 · Virtues (Fada’il) · The Virtues of Quraysh and the Mention of the Tribes
العربية

وَعَنْهُ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: جَاءَ طُفَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الدَّوْسِيُّ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ: إِنَّ دَوْسًا قَدْ هَلَكَتْ عَصَتْ۱ وَأَبَتْ فَادْعُ اللهَ عَلَيْهِمْ، فَظَنَّ النَّاسُ أَنَّهُ يَدْعُوْ عَلَيْهِمْ، فَقَالَ: اللهُمَّ اهْدِ دَوْسًا وَأْتِ بِهِمْ». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.

English

Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: Tufayl ibn Amr ad-Dawsi came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and said: “Daws has perished; it has disobeyed 1 and refused. Curse them.” People thought he would curse them, but he said: “O Allah, guide Daws and bring them.” [Agreed Upon]

Notes / الحواشي
English notes

1 His statement “disobeyed”: explains what came before. His statement “bring them”: meaning as Muslims. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

الحواشي

۱ قوله: عصت بيان لما قبله. وقوله: وائت بهم أي مسلمين. كذا في «المرقاة».

Cross-references
BukhariMuslim
The Six Books
Other collections
6067

Hadith 6067

Volume 5 · Virtues (Fada’il) · The Virtues of Quraysh and the Mention of the Tribes
العربية

وَعَنْ سَلْمَانَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «لَا تَبْغَضْنِي فَتُفَارِقَ۱ دِينَكَ». قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! كَيْفَ أَبْغَضُكَ وَبِكَ هَدَانَا اللهُ؟ قَالَ: «تَبْغَضُ۲ الْعَرَبَ فَتَبْغَضُنِي». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.

English

Salman (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to me: “Do not hate me, lest you abandon 1 your religion.” I said: “O Messenger of Allah, how could I hate you when Allah guided us through you?” He said: “You hate 2 the Arabs, and thus you hate me.” [Narrated by At-Tirmidhi]

Notes / الحواشي
English notes

1 His statement “lest you abandon your religion”: with nasb as the response to the prohibition. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

2 His statement “You hate the Arabs, and thus you hate me”: The point is that hating the Arabs may lead to hating the Master of Creation, so beware, beware, lest you fall into danger. In Al-Qamus: “Arab” with dammah or fathah is the opposite of non-Arab, feminine, meaning city dwellers or generally, with “A‘rab” being their Bedouins, with no singular form. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

الحواشي

۱ قوله: فتفارق دينك بالنصب على جواب النهي كذا في «المرقاة».

۲ قوله: تبغض العرب فتبغضني والحاصل : أن بغض العرب قد يصير سببا لبغض سيد الخلق، فالحذر الحذر؛ كيلا يقع في الخطر. وفي القاموس العرب بالضرب وبالتحريك خلاف العجم، مؤنث وهم سكان الأمصار أو عام، والأعراب منهم سكان البادية، لا واحد له. كذا في «المرقاة».

Cross-references
Tirmidhi
6068

Hadith 6068

Volume 5 · Virtues (Fada’il) · The Virtues of Quraysh and the Mention of the Tribes
العربية

وَعَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَنْ۱ غَشَ الْعَرَبَ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ فِي شَفَاعَتِي وَلَمْ تَنَلْهُ مَوَدَّتِي». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.

English

Uthman ibn Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Whoever 1 deceives the Arabs will not be included in my intercession, nor will my affection reach him.” [Narrated by At-Tirmidhi]

Notes / الحواشي
English notes

1 His statement “Whoever deceives the Arabs”: meaning betrays them. The commentator said: Meaning hates them. “Will not be included in my intercession”: meaning the minor intercession, as the major is general. “Nor will my affection reach him”: meaning my love for him will not reach him, or his love for me will not be attained or realized, intending the negation of perfection. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

الحواشي

۱ قوله: من غش العرب أي خانهم. وقال شارح: أي أبغضهم. لم يدخل في شفاعتي أي الصغرى لعموم الكبرى. ولم تنله مودتي أي لم تصبه محبتي إياه، أو لم تصل ولم تحصل له محبته إياى، والمقصود نفي الكمال. كذا في «المرقاة».

Cross-references
Tirmidhi
Other collections
6069

Hadith 6069

Volume 5 · Virtues (Fada’il) · The Virtues of Quraysh and the Mention of the Tribes
العربية

وَعَنْ أُمِّ الْحَرِيرِ مَوْلَاةِ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ مَالِكٍ (رضي الله عنها) قَالَتْ: سَمِعْتُ مَوْلَايَ يَقُوْلُ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ : مِنِ اقْتِرَابِ السَّاعَةِ هَلَاكُ الْعَرَبِ». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.

English

Umm al-Harir, the freedwoman of Talhah ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with her), narrated: I heard my master say that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Among the signs of the Hour’s approach is the destruction of the Arabs.” [Narrated by At-Tirmidhi]

Cross-references
TirmidhiMalik
6070

Hadith 6070

Volume 5 · Virtues (Fada’il) · The Virtues of Quraysh and the Mention of the Tribes
العربية

وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسِ (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «أَحِبُّوا ۱الْعَرَبَ لِثَلاثٍ: لأَنِّي عَرَبِيُّ، وَالْقُرْآنُ عَرَبِيُّ، وَكَلامُ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ عَرَبِيٌّ». رَوَاهُ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي شُعَبِ الْإِيْمَانِ».

English

Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Love 1 the Arabs for three reasons: because I am an Arab, the Qur’an is Arabic, and the speech of the people of Paradise is Arabic.” [Narrated by Al-Bayhaqi in Shu‘ab al-Iman]

Notes / الحواشي
English notes

1 His statement “Love the Arabs for three”: because they bore the Shariah and transmitted it to us, recorded his sayings and actions, transmitted his miracles to us, are the material of Islam, through them cities were opened, and Islam spread across the world, they are the descendants of Ismail (peace be upon him), and the questioning in the grave is in their language. His statement “the speech of the people of Paradise is Arabic”: implies that the speech of the people of Hell is not Arabic. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

1 His statement “Virtues”: Al-Qurtubi said: A virtue is a commendable quality that brings about honor and high rank, either with Allah or with people. The latter is of no consequence unless it leads to the former. Thus, when it is said: So-and-so is virtuous, it means he has a station with Allah, which is only established through transmission from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). As stated by As-Suyuti. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)

2 His statement “The Companions”: At-Tibi said: A companion, as known among the people of Hadith and some scholars of usul, is anyone who saw the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) while being a Muslim. His status as a companion is known through tawatur (e.g., Abu Bakr and Umar), widespread transmission, another companion stating he is a companion, or him stating about himself that he is a companion if he is trustworthy. All companions are absolutely trustworthy based on the apparent meanings of the Qur’an, Sunnah, and the consensus of those whose opinions are considered. Mulla Zadah said: A companion is one who saw the Prophet (ﷺ) believing in him, whether at the age of maturity or before, and whether his companionship was long or short. In Sharh as-Sunnah, Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi said: Our colleagues agree that the most virtuous are the four caliphs in the mentioned order, then the rest of the ten, then the people of Badr, then Uhud, then the Pledge of Ridwan, and those with distinction from the people of the two Aqabah pledges among the Ansar, and likewise the foremost first ones who prayed toward both qiblas. It is said: The people of the Pledge of Ridwan. They differed regarding Aishah and Khadijah as to which is more virtuous, and regarding Aishah and Fatimah. As for Muawiyah, he is among the trustworthy, virtuous, and excellent companions. The wars that occurred among them were due to each group having a plausible basis by which they believed they were correct, and all were exercising ijtihad in their conflicts. None of them lost their trustworthiness because of this, as they were mujtahids who differed on issues, just as mujtahids after them differed on issues, and this does not necessitate deficiency in any of them.

الحواشي

۱ قوله: أحبوا العرب لثلاث لأنهم تحملوا الشريعة ونقلوها إلينا، وضبطوا أقواله وأفعاله، ونقلوا إلينا معجزاته، ولأنهم مادة الإسلام، وبهم فتحت البلاد، وانتشر الإسلام في أقطار العالم، ولأنهم أولاد إسماعيل عليه، ولأن سؤال القبر بلسانهم. وقوله: وكلام أهل الجنة عربي ويفهم منه أن كلام أهل النار غير عربي. كذا في «المرقاة».

۱ قوله: مناقب: قال القرطبي: المنقبة بمعنى الفضيلة، وهي الخصلة الجميلة التي يحصل بسببها شرف وعلو مرتبة إما عند الله وإما عند الخلق. والثاني لا عبرة به إلا أن أوصل إلى الأول، فإذا قيل : فلان فاضل. فمعناه أن له منزلة عند الله، ولا يوصل إليه إلا بالنقل عن رسول الله ، كذا ذكره السيوطي. كذا في «المرقاة».

۲ قوله: الصحابة قال الطيبي: الصحابي المعروف عند أهل الحديث، وبعض أصحاب الأصول كل من رأى رسول الله ، وهو مسلم، ثم يعرف كونه صحابيا بالتواتر - كأبي بكر وعمر ها - أو بالاستفاضة، أو يقول صحابي غيره : إنه صحابي، أو يقول عن نفسه: إنه صحابي إذا كان عدولا، والصحابة كلهم عدول مطلقا، لظواهر الكتاب والسنة وإجماع من يعتد به انتهى. وقال ملا زاده الصحابي من رأى النبي ﷺ مؤمنا به، سواء كان في حال البلوغ أو قبله، طال صحبته أم لا. وفي شرح السنة: قال أبو منصور البغدادي: أصحابنا مجمعون على أن أفضلهم الخلفاء الأربعة على الترتيب المذكور، ثم تمام العشرة، ثم أهل بدر، ثم أحد، ثم بيعة الرضوان، ومن له مزية من أهل العقبتين من الأنصار، وكذلك السابقون الأولون، وهم من صلى إلى القبلتين. وقيل: أهل بيعة الرضوان، وكذلك اختلفوا في عائشة وخديجة أيهما أفضل. وفي عائشة وفاطمة. وأما معاوية فهو من العدول الفضلاء والصحابة الأخيار، والحروب التي جرت بينهم كانت لكل طائفة شبهة اعتقدت تصويب أنفسها بسببها، وكلهم متأولون في حروبها، ولم يخرج بذلك أحد منهم من العدالة؛ لأنهم مجتهدون اختلفوا في مسائل، كما اختلف المجتهدون بعدهم في مسائل، ولا يلزم من ذلك نقص أحد منهم.

Cross-references
Al-Bayhaqi