بَابُ التَّنْظِيفِ وَالتَّكْبِيرِCleanliness and Preparation for Friday Prayer
وَقَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: فَاسْعَوا إِلَى ذِكْرِ اللهِ وَذَرُوا الْبَيْعَ ۱
۱ قوله : وذروا البيع : فيه إشارة إلى التبكير.
Allah the Almighty says: “Hasten to the remembrance of Allah and leave off trade...” 1 (Qur’an 62:9)
1 "This indicates the importance of hastening to Friday prayer and preparing for it."
وَعَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَا : قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: مَنِ اغْتَسَلَ يَوْمَ الْجُمْعَةِ، وَلَبِسَ مِنْ أَحْسَنِ ثِيَابِهِ، وَمَسَّ مِنْ طِيبٍ إِنْ كَانَ عِنْدَهُ، ثُمَّ أَتَى الْجُمُعَةَ فَلَمْ يَتَخَطَّ أَعْنَاقَ النَّاسَ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى مَا كَتَبَ اللهُ لَهُ، ثُمَّ أَنْصَتَ إِذَا خَرَجَ إِمَامُهُ حَتَّى يَفْرُغَ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ، كَانَتْ كَفَّارَةً لِمَا بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ الْجُمُعَةِ الَّتِي قَبْلَهَا. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ، وَرَوَى الطَّحَاوِيُّ نَحْوَهُ.
وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لِأَحْمَدَ : لَا يُؤْذِي أَحَدًا، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدِ الْإِمَامَ خَرَجَ صَلَّى مَا بَدَا لَهُ، وَإِنْ وَجَدَ الْإِمَامَ قَدْ خَرَجَ جَلَسَ فَاسْتَمَعَ وَأَنْصَتَ حَتَّى يَقْضِيَ الْإِمَامُ جُمُعَتَهُ وَكَلَامَهُ رِجَالُهُ رِجَالُ الصَّحِيحِ خَلَا شَيْخِ أَحْمَدَ، وَهُمْ ثِقَةٌ، قَالَهُ فِي مَجْمَعِ الزَّوَائِدِ».
Abu Sa’id and Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with them) reported:
"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘Whoever performs Ghusl (ritual bath) on Friday, wears his best clothes, applies perfume if available, attends Friday prayer without stepping over people’s necks, prays what is prescribed for him, and remains silent when the Imam speaks until he finishes his prayer, it will be an expiation for the sins between that Friday and the previous one.’" [Narrated by Abu Dawud while Al-Tahawi narrated a similar version]
In a narration by Ahmad: ‘He does not harm anyone. If he does not find the Imam, he prays as he wishes. If he finds the Imam has already come out, he sits, listens, and remains silent until the Imam finishes his sermon and prayer.’ The narrators are reliable, as mentioned in Majma’ al-Zawa’id.
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «يَحْضُرُ الْجُمُعَةَ ثَلَاثَةُ نَفَرٍ، فَرَجُلٌ حَضَرَهَا بَلَغْوِ فَذَلِكَ حَظِّهُ مِنْهَا، وَرَجُلٌ حَضَرَهَا بِدُعَاءٍ فَهُوْ رَجُلٌ دَعَا اللهُ ، إِنْ شَاءَ أَعْطَاهُ وَإِنْ شَاءَ مَنَعَهُ، وَرَجُلٌ حَضَرَهَا بِإِنْصَاتٍ وَسُكُوْتٍ، وَلَمْ يَتَخَطَّ رَقَبَةَ مُسْلِمٍ وَلَمْ يُؤْذِ أَحَدًا فَهِيَ كَفَّارَةٌ إِلَى الْجُمُعَةِ الَّتِي تَلِيْهَا وَزِيَادَةِ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ، وَذَلِكَ بِأَنَّ اللهَ يَقُولُ: (مَن جَاءَ بِالْحَسَنَةِ فَلَهُ عَشْرُ أَمْثَالِهَا (الأنعام: ١٦٠) ». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ.
Abdullah ibn Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘Three types of people attend Friday prayer: One attends it aimlessly, and that is all he gets from it; another attends it with supplication, and Allah may grant or withhold his request; and another attends it silently and attentively, without stepping over people’s necks or harming anyone, this will be an expiation for his sins until the next Friday and an additional three days, as Allah says: “Whoever brings a good deed will have ten times its reward.” (Qur’an 6:160)’" [Narrated by Abu Dawud]
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ ﷺ يَقُولُ: «إِذَا دَخَلَ أَحَدُكُمُ الْمَسْجِدَ وَالْإِمَامُ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ فَلَا صَلَاةَ وَلَا كَلَامَ حَتَّى يَفْرُغَ الْإِمَامُ. رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِي فِي الْكَبِيْرِ إِسْنَادُهُ حَسَنٌ.
Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "I heard the Prophet (ﷺ) say: ‘When one of you enters the mosque while the Imam is on the pulpit, he should not pray or speak until the Imam finishes.’" [Narrated by Al-Tabarani in Al-Kabir with a Hasan chain]
وَعَنْ عَلَى وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَابْنِ عُمَرَ ، أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا يَكْرَهُونَ الصَّلَاةَ وَالْكَلَامَ بَعْدَ خُرُوجِ الْإِمَامِ. رَوَاهُ ابْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، وَرِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتٌ. وَرَوَى الطَّحَاوِيُّ نَحْوَهُ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ .
Ali, Ibn Abbas, and Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) disliked praying or speaking after the Imam had come out. [Narrated by Ibn Abi Shaybah with reliable narrators while Al-Tahawi narrated a similar version from Ibn Umar and Ibn Abbas]
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَنْ تَكَلَّمَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ وَالْإِمَامُ يَخْطُبُ فَهُوَ كَمَثَلِ الْحِمَارِ يَحْمِلُ أَسْفَارًا، وَالَّذِي يَقُوْلُ لَهُ: «أَنْصِتْ لَيْسَ لَهُ جُمُعَةٌ. رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ.
Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘Whoever speaks during Friday prayer while the Imam is delivering the sermon is like a donkey carrying books, and the one who tells him to be quiet has no Friday prayer.’" [Narrated by Ahmad]
وَعَنِ اوْسِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَنْ غَسَّلَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ وَاغْتَسَلَ، وَبَكَّرَ وَابْتَكَرَ، وَمَشَى وَلَمْ يَرْكَبْ، وَدَنَا مِنَ الْإِمَامِ وَاسْتَمَعَ وَلَمْ يَلْغُ كَانَ لَهُ بِكُلِّ خَطْوَةٍ عَمَلُ سَنَةٍ أَجْرُ صِيَامِهَا وَقِيَامِهَا. رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ وَابْنُ مَاجَه.
Aws ibn Aws (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘Whoever performs Ghusl on Friday, goes early to the mosque, walks instead of riding, sits close to the Imam, listens attentively, and does not engage in idle talk, for every step he takes, he will receive the reward of fasting and praying for an entire year.’" [Narrated by Al-Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud, Al-Nasa’i, and Ibn Majah]
وَعَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ السَّبَّاقِ مُرْسَلًا قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي جُمُعَةٍ مِنَ الْجُمَعِ: يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، إِنَّ هَذَا يَوْمُ جَعَلَهُ اللهُ عِيْدًا فَاغْتَسِلُوْا، وَمَنْ كَانَ عِنْدَهُ طِيْبُ فَلَا يَضُرُّهُ أَنْ يَمَسَّ مِنْهُ، وَعَلَيْكُمْ بِالسَّوَاكِ». رَوَاهُ مَالِكُ، وَرَوَاهُ ابْنُ مَاجَه عَنْهُ، وَهُمْ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ لها مُتَّصِلًا.
Ubaid ibn al-Sabbaq reported in a mursal narration: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said during a Friday sermon: ‘O Muslims, this is a day that Allah has made a celebration, so perform Ghusl, and whoever has perfume should apply it. Use the miswak (tooth-stick).’" [Narrated by Malik while Ibn Majah narrated it from Ibn Abbas with a connected chain.]
وَعَنِ الْبَرَاءِ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «حَقًّا عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَنْ يَغْتَسِلُوا يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ، وَلِيَمَسَّ أَحَدُهُمْ مِنْ طِيبٍ أَهْلِهِ، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ فَالْمَاءُ لَهُ طِيْبٌ». رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَالتَّرْمِذِيُّ، وَقَالَ: هَذَا حَدِيْثٌ حَسَنٌ.
Al-Bara’ (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘It is a duty upon Muslims to perform Ghusl on Friday and to apply perfume from their household. If they do not have perfume, water is sufficient.’" [Narrated by Ahmad and Al-Tirmidhi, who said: ‘This is a Hasan Hadith]
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَنْ تَوَضَّأَ فَأَحْسَنَ الْوُضُوءَ، ثُمَّ أَتَى الْجُمُعَةَ فَاسْتَمَعَ وَأَنْصَتَ غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الْجُمُعَةِ وَزِيَادَةُ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ، وَمَنْ مَسَّ الْحَصَى فَقَدْ لَغَا». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘Whoever performs Wudu properly, attends Friday prayer, listens attentively, and remains silent will have his sins forgiven between that Friday and the next, plus an additional three days. Whoever plays with pebbles has engaged in idle talk.’" [Narrated by Muslim]
وَعَنْهُ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ : إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْجُمُعَةِ وَقَفَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ عَلَى بَابِ الْمَسْجِدِ يَكْتُبُونَ الْأَوَّلَ فَالْأَوَّلَ، وَمَثَلُ الْمُهَجِّرِ كَمَثَلِ الَّذِي يُهْدِي بَدَنَةً، ثُمَّ كَالَّذِي يُهْدِي بَقَرَةً، ثُمَّ كَبْشًا، ثُمَّ دَجَاجَةً، ثُمَّ بَيْضَةً، فَإِذَا خَرَجَ الْإِمَامُ طَوَوْا صُحُفَهُمْ وَيَسْتَمِعُوْنَ الذِّكْرَ». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘On Friday, angels stand at the mosque’s entrance, recording the order of arrival. The one who comes early is like one who sacrifices a camel, then a cow, then a ram, then a chicken, then an egg. When the Imam comes out, they close their records and listen to the sermon.’" [Agreed upon]
وَعَنْ جَابِرِ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «لَا يُقِيمَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ أَخَاهُ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ، ثُمَّ يُخَالِفُ إِلَى مَقْعَدِهِ فَيَقْعُدَ فِيْهِ، وَلَكِنْ يَقُوْلُ: افْسَحُوْا». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘None of you should make his brother stand on Friday and then take his seat. Instead, say: Make room.’" [Narrated by Muslim]
وَعَنْ نَافِعٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عُمَرَ (رضي الله عنهما) يَقُوْلُ: نَهَى رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُقِيمَ الرَّجُلُ الرَّجُلَ مِنْ مَقْعَدِهِ وَيَجْلِسَ فِيْهِ. قِيْلَ لِنَافِعٍ فِي الْجُمُعَةِ؟ قَالَ: فِي الْجُمُعَةِ وَغَيْرِهَا. مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Nafi’ reported: "I heard Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) say: ‘The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade a man from making another stand and taking his seat.’ When asked if this applied to Friday, he said: ‘It applies to Friday and other times.’" [Agreed upon]
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سَلَامٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَا عَلَى أَحَدِكُمْ إِنْ وَجَدَ أَنْ يَتَّخِذَ ثَوْبَيْنِ لِيَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ سِوَى ثَوْنِيْ مَهنَتِهِ. رَوَاهُ ابْنُ مَاجَهِ، وَرَوَاهُ مَالِكَ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ.
Abdullah ibn Salam (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘It is not wrong for one of you to have two garments for Friday, other than his work clothes.’" [Narrated by Ibn Majah while Malik narrated it from Yahya ibn Sa’id]
وَعَنْ سَمُرَةَ بْنِ جُنْدَبٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ : احْضُرُوا الذَّكْرَ وَادْنُوا مِنَ الْإِمَامِ، فَإِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَا يَزَالُ يَتَبَاعَدُ حَتَّى يُؤَخَّرَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَإِنْ دَخَلَهَا». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ.
Samurah ibn Jundub (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘Attend the sermon and sit close to the Imam, for a person who keeps distancing himself will be delayed in entering Paradise, even if he enters it.’" [Narrated by Abu Dawud]
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) لَأَنْ يُصَلِّي أَحَدُكُمْ بِظَهْرِ الْحَرَّةِ خَيْرٌ لَهُ مِنَ انْ يَقْعُدَ حَتَّى إِذَا قَامَ الْإِمَامُ جَاءَ يَتَخَطَّى رِقَابَ النَّاسِ. رَوَاهُ مَالِكُ فِي الْمُوْطَا».
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: ‘It is better for one of you to pray on the back of a hill than to sit until the Imam comes out and then step over people’s necks.’" [Narrated by Malik in Al-Muwatta’]
وَعَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ (رضي الله عنه) أَنَّ رَجُلًا دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ وَرَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ يَخْطُبُ، فَجَعَلَ يَتَخَطَّى النَّاسَ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ : اجْلِسْ فَقَدْ آذَيْتَ وَآنَيْتَ. رَوَاهُ ابْنُ مَاجَه.
Jabir ibn Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "A man entered the mosque on Friday while the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was delivering the sermon. He began stepping over people’s necks, so the Prophet (ﷺ) said: ‘Sit down, for you have caused harm and delayed others.’" [Narrated by Ibn Majah]
وَعَنْ أَبِي الزَّاهِرِيَّةِ قَالَ: كُنَّا مَعَ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْن بُسْرٍ (رضي الله عنه) صَاحِبِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ، فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ يَتَخَطَّى رِقَابَ النَّاسِ، فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ بُسْرٍ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ يَتَخَطَّى رِقَابَ النَّاسِ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ وَالنَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَخْطُبُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: «اجْلِسُ فَقَدْ آذَيْتَ». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ بِإِسْنَادٍ جَيِّدٍ.
وَفِي رِوَايَةِ أَحْمَدَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ : أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «إِنَّ الَّذِي يَتَخَطَّى رِقَابَ النَّاسِ وَيُفَرِّقُ بَيْنَ اثْنَيْنِ بَعْدَ خُرُوجِ الْإِمَامِ كَالْجَارِ قُصْبَهُ فِي النَّارِ».
وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لِلطَّبَرَانِي نَحْوَهُ ، فِيْهِ: رَأَيْتُكَ تُخَطَّيْ رِقَابَ النَّاسِ وَتُؤْذِيهِمْ، مَنْ آذَى مُسْلِمًا فَقَدْ آذَانِي، وَمَنْ آذَانِي فَقَدْ أَذَى اللهَ عَزَّوَجَلَّ».
Abu al-Zahriyyah reported: "We were with Abdullah ibn Busr, a companion of the Prophet (ﷺ), on Friday when a man came stepping over people’s necks. Abdullah ibn Busr said: ‘A man came stepping over people’s necks on Friday while the Prophet (ﷺ) was delivering the sermon. The Prophet (ﷺ) said to him: “Sit down, for you have caused harm.”’" [Narrated by Abu Dawud and Al-Nasa’i with a good chain]
In a narration by Ahmad from the Prophet (ﷺ) that he said: ‘The one who steps over people’s necks and separates two people after the Imam has come out is like one who throws a stick into the fire.’
The narration by Al-Tabarani is same with addition: ‘I saw you stepping over people’s necks and harming them. Whoever harms a Muslim has harmed me, and whoever harms me has harmed Allah, the Almighty.’
وَعَنْ يَعْلَى بْنِ شَدَّادِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ قَالَ: شَهِدْتُ مَعَ مُعَاوِيَةَ (رضي الله عنه) بَيْتَ الْمَقْدِسِ، فَجَمَّعَ بِنَا فَنَظَرْتُ، فَإِذَا جُلُّ مَنْ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ أَصْحَابُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَرَأَيْتُهُمْ مُحْتَبِيْنَ وَالْإِمَامُ يَخْطُبُ. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ.
وَقَالَ: كَانَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ يَحْتَيْ وَالْإِمَامُ يَخْطُبُ، وَأَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ وَشُرَيْحُ وَصَعْصَعَةُ بْنُ صُوْحَانَ وَسَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيَّبِ وَإِبْرَاهِيمُ النَّخَعِيُّ وَمَكْحُوْلٌ وَإِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ وَنُعَيْمُ بْنُ سَلَامَةَ، قَالَ: لَا بَأْسَ بِهَا.
Ya’la ibn Shaddad ibn Aws reported: "I attended Friday prayer with Mu’awiyah in Jerusalem. I looked around and saw that most of the people in the mosque were companions of the Prophet (ﷺ), and they were sitting with their legs drawn up (ihtiba) while the Imam was delivering the sermon." [Narrated by Abu Dawud]
Abu Dawud added: "Ibn Umar would sit in ihtiba while the Imam was delivering the sermon, as did Anas ibn Malik, Shurayh, Sa’sa’ah ibn Suhan, Sa’id ibn al-Musayyab, Ibrahim al-Nakha’i, Makhul, Isma’il ibn Muhammad ibn Sa’d, and Nu’aym ibn Salamah. They said: ‘There is no harm in it.’"
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «إِذَا نَعَسَ أَحَدُكُمْ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فَلْيَتَحَوَّلْ مِنْ مَجْلِسِهِ ذَلِكَ». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.
Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘If one of you feels drowsy during Friday prayer, let him move from his place.’" [Narrated by Al-Tirmidhi]
Notes / الحواشي
1 His statement: "The Sermon (Khutbah)" – The branches of the sermon include obligations (furood) and recommended acts (sunan). As for the obligations, there are two: the timing, which is after the sun passes its zenith (after Dhuhr) and before the prayer. Thus, if one delivers the sermon before the zenith or after the prayer, it is not valid. As for the recommended acts, there are fifteen: purification (taharah), to the extent that it is disliked for someone in a state of major impurity (junub) or minor impurity (hadath) to deliver it; standing; facing the people with his face; sitting before the two sermons. This was stated by Abu Yusuf. The sermon should begin with "Alhamdulillah" (Praise be to Allah) and praising Him as He deserves, the two testimonies (Shahadatayn), sending blessings upon the Prophet (ﷺ), admonition (maw'izah), reminders (tadhkirah), recitation of the Quran, and neglecting this is improper. Sitting between the two sermons, repeating the praise and glorification of Allah in the second sermon, increasing the supplication for Muslim men and women in the second sermon, and keeping the two sermons brief, equivalent to the length of some long chapters of the Mufassal (short chapters of the Quran). As for the preacher (khatib), among the recommended acts for him are purification, facing the people with his face, refraining from greeting (salam) from the time he leaves his house until he enters the prayer, and refraining from speaking. This was stated by Al-Allamah Al-Ayni in Sharh Al-Hidayah. It was also stated in "Al-Durr Al-Mukhtar" that it is disliked for him to speak during the sermon except for enjoining good (amr bil ma'ruf), as it is part of the sermon.
2 His statement: "To the remembrance of Allah" – meaning, to the sermon according to the majority. Abu Hanifah argued that if the preacher confines himself to saying "الحَمْدُ لله" it is sufficient. This was stated in "Al-Madarik."
۱ قوله: الخطبة فروع الخطبة يشتمل على فروض وسُنَن. أما الفروض فشيئان الوقت، وهو ما بعد الزوال وقبل الصلاة، حتى لو خطب قبل الزوال، أو بعد الصلاة لا يجوز. وأما السنن فخمسة عشر : الطهارة حتى كره من الجنب والمحدث، والقيام واستقبال القوم بوجهه، والقعود قبل الخطبتين. قاله أبو يوسف والبداية بـ «الحمد لله، والثناء عليه بما هو أهله، وكلمتا الشهادة، والصلاة على النبي ، والموعظة، والتذكرة، وقراءة القرآن، وتاركها مسيء، والجلوس بين الخطبتين، وإعادة التحميد والثناء على الله تعالى في الخطبة الثانية، وزيادة الدعاء للمسلمين والمسلمات في الثانية، وتخفيف الخطبتين بقدر سُور من طوال المفصل. وأما الخطيب فمن السُّنَن فيه طهارته واستقباله بوجهه إلى القوم، وترك السلام من وقت خروجه إلى دخوله في الصلاة، وترك الكلام. قاله العلامة العيني في شرح الهداية». وقال في «الدر المختار» ويكره تكلمه فيها إلا لأمر بمعروف؛ لأنه منها.
وَقَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: فَاسْعَوْا إِلَى ذِكْرِ اللهِ٢ ، وَقَوْلِهِ: وَتَرَكُوْكَ قَائما (الجمعة: ۹ ، وَقَوْلِهِ: فَإِذَا قُضِيَتِ الصَّلَوةُ فَانتَشِرُوا (الجمعة: ١٠)
٢ قوله : إلى ذكر الله : أي إلى الخطبة عند الجمهور. واستدل أبو حنيفة على أن الخطيب إذا اقتصر على «الحَمْدُ الله» جاز. قاله في المدارك».