بَابُ السُّنَنِ وَفَضَائِلِهَاThe Sunnah Prayers and Their Virtues
وَقَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: فَسَبِّحْهُ وَأَدْبَرَ السُّجُودِ (ق: ٤٠) ، وَقَوْلِهِ: فَسَبِّحْهُ وَإِدْبَرَ النُّجُومِ (الطور: ٤٩
And the saying of Allah, the Almighty: "So exalt Him, and when the stars disappear." (Quran 50:40)
And His saying: "So exalt Him when the stars set." (Quran 52:49)
عَنْ أُمَّ حَبِيبَةَ (رضي الله عنها) قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ : مَنْ صَلَّى فِي يَوْمٍ وَلَيْلَةٍ ثِنْتَيْ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً بُنِي لَهُ بَيْتُ فِي الْجَنَّةِ: أَرْبَعًا قَبْلَ الظُّهْرِ، وَرَكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَهَا، وَرَكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ، وَرَكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ الْعِشَاءِ، وَرَكْعَتَيْنِ قَبْلَ صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.
وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لِمُسْلِمٍ: أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: «مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ مُسْلِمٍ يُصَلِّي لِلَّهِ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ ثِنْتَيْ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً تَطَوُّعًا غَيْرَ فَرِيضَةٍ إِلَّا بَنَى اللهُ لَهُ بَيْتًا فِي الْجَنَّةِ أَوْ إِلَّا بُنِيَ لَهُ بَيْتُ فِي الْجَنَّةِ».
Umm Habibah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Whoever prays twelve rak'ahs in a day and night, a house will be built for him in Paradise: four before Dhuhr, two after it, two after Maghrib, two after Isha, and two before Fajr." [Narrated by Tirmidhi]
In a narration by Muslim, she said: "I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) say: 'There is no Muslim slave who prays to Allah twelve rak'ahs voluntarily every day, apart from the obligatory prayers, except that Allah will build for him a house in Paradise, or a house will be built for him in Paradise.'"
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ شَقِيقٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ عَائِشَةَ (رضي الله عنها) عَنْ صَلَاةِ رَسُوْلِ اللهِ ﷺ عَنْ تَطَوُّعِهِ فَقَالَتْ: كَانَ يُصَلِّي فِي بَيْتِي۱ قَبْلَ الظُّهْرِ أَرْبَعًا، ثُمَّ يَخْرُجُ فَيُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ، ثُمَّ يَدْخُلُ فَيُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ، وَكَانَ يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ الْمَغْرِبَ، ثُمَّ يَدْخُلُ فَيُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ، ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ الْعِشَاءَ، وَيَدْخُلُ بَيْتِي فَيُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ، وَكَانَ يُصَلِّي مِنَ اللَّيْلِ تِسْعَ رَكْعَاتٍ فِيهِنَّ الْوِتْرُ، وَكَانَ يُصَلِّي لَيْلًا طَوِيلًا قَائِمًا، وَلَيْلًا طَوِيلًا قَاعِدًا، وَكَانَ إِذَا قَرَأَ وَهُوَ قَائِمُ رَكَعَ وَسَجَدَ وَهُوَ قَائِمٌ، وَكَانَ إِذَا قَرَأَ قَاعِدًا رَكَعَ وَسَجَدَ وَهُوَ قَاعِدٌ، وَكَانَ إِذَا طَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ. وَزَادَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثُمَّ يَخْرُجُ فَيُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ صَلَاةَ الْفَجْرِ.
وَفِي رِوَايَةِ التَّرْمِنِيَّ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ (رضي الله عنها): أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ يُصَلِّي جَالِسًا فَيَقْرَأُ وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ، فَإِذَا بَقِيَ مِنْ قِرَاءَتِهِ قَدْرُ مَا يَكُوْنُ ثَلَاثِينَ أَوْ أَرْبَعِينَ آيَةً قَامَ فَقَرَأَ وَهُوَ قَائِمٌ ، ثُمَّ رَكَعَ وَسَجَدَ، ثُمَّ صَنَعَ فِي الرَّكْعَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ.
Abdullah ibn Shaqiq said: "I asked Aisha about the voluntary prayers of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). She said: 'He would pray four rak'ahs in my house 1 before Dhuhr, then go out and lead the people in prayer. Then he would return and pray two rak'ahs. He would lead the people in Maghrib prayer, then return and pray two rak'ahs. He would lead the people in Isha prayer, then enter my house and pray two rak'ahs. He would pray nine rak'ahs at night, including Witr. He would pray for a long time standing and for a long time sitting. When he recited while standing, he would bow and prostrate while standing. When he recited while sitting, he would bow and prostrate while sitting. When dawn approached, he would pray two rak'ahs.'" [Narrated by Muslim]
Abu Dawud added: "Then he would go out and lead the people in Fajr prayer."
In a narration by Tirmidhi from Aisha: "The Prophet (peace be upon him) would pray sitting and recite while sitting. When about thirty or forty verses remained of his recitation, he would stand and recite while standing, then bow and prostrate. He would do the same in the second rak'ah."
Notes / الحواشي
1 His statement: "He would pray in my house" – It is mentioned in Ad-Durr Al-Mukhtar: "The preferred place for voluntary prayers (other than Taraweeh) is one's home, unless there is a fear of being preoccupied and missing them. The most correct opinion is that what is most humble and sincere is superior."
۱ قوله : كان يصلي في بيتي: قال في الدر المختار»، والأفضل في النفل غير التراويح المنزل إلا لخوف شغل عنها، والأصح أفضلية ما كان أخشع وأخلص.
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلَ لِلَّهِ : وَإِدْبَرَ النُّجُومِ الرَّكْعَتَانِ قَبْلَ الْفَجْرِ، وَأَدْبَرَ السُّجُودِ الرَّكْعَتَانِ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.
Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "The two rak'ahs before Fajr are at the disappearance of the stars, and the two rak'ahs after Maghrib are at the end of prostration." [Narrated by Tirmidhi]
وَعَنْ أُمَّ حَبِيبَةَ (رضي الله عنها) قَالَتْ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: «مَنْ حَافَظَ عَلَى أَرْبَعِ رَكْعَاتٍ قَبْلَ الظُّهْرِ وَأَرْبَعِ بَعْدَهَا حَرَّمَهُ اللهُ عَلَى النَّارِ». رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَالتَّرْمِذِيُّ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ وَابْنُ مَاجَه.
Umm Habibah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrated that she heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) say: "Whoever consistently prays four rak'ahs before Dhuhr and four after it, Allah will forbid the Fire from touching him." [Narrated by Ahmad, Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud, Nasai, and Ibn Majah)
وَعَنْ عُمَرَ (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: «أَرْبَعُ قَبْلَ الظُّهْرِ بَعْدَ الزَّوَالِ تُحْسَبُ بِمِثْلِهِنَّ فِي صَلَاةِ السَّحَرِ، وَمَا مِنْ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا وَهُوَ يُسَبِّحُ اللهَ تِلْكَ السَّاعَةَ، ثُمَّ قَرَأَ : يَتَفَيَّؤُا ظِلَالُهُ عَنِ الْيَمِينِ وَالشَّمَابِلِ سُجَّدًا لِلَّهِ وَهُمْ دَاخِرُونَ (النحل: ٤٨. رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ، وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي شُعَبِ الْإِيْمَانِ».
Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that he heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) say: "Four rak'ahs before Dhuhr after the sun has passed its zenith are equivalent to their like in the night prayer (Tahajjud). There is nothing that does not glorify Allah at that time." Then he recited: "Their shadows shift from the right and the left, prostrating to Allah while they are humble." (Quran 16:48) [Narrated by Tirmidhi and Al-Bayhaqi in Shu’ab Al-Iman]
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ السَّائِبِ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ يُصَلِّي أَرْبَعًا بَعْدَ أَنْ تَزُولَ الشَّمْسُ قَبْلَ الظَّهْرِ، وَقَالَ: إِنَّهَا سَاعَةٌ تُفْتَحُ فِيهَا أَبْوَابُ السَّمَاءِ، فَأَحَبُّ أَنْ يَصْعَدَ لِي فِيهَا عَمَلُ صَالِحٌ. رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.
Abdullah ibn As-Sa’ib (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) used to pray four rak'ahs after the sun had passed its zenith before Dhuhr. He said: "This is an hour when the gates of heaven are opened, and I love for a good deed of mine to ascend during it." [Narrated by Tirmidhi]
وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ (رضي الله عنها): أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ لَا يَدَعُ أَرْبَعًا قَبْلَ الظُّهْرِ وَرَكْعَتَيْنِ قَبْلَ الْغَدَاةِ. رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ.
Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrated that the Prophet (peace be upon him) never neglected four rak'ahs before Dhuhr and two rak'ahs before Fajr. [Narrated by Bukhari]
وَعَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «أَرْبَعُ قَبْلَ الظَّهْرِ لَيْسَ فِيهِنَّ تَسْلِيمٌ تُفْتَحُ لَهُنَّ أَبْوَابُ السَّمَاءِ». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَابْنُ مَاجَه.
Abu Ayyub Al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Four rak'ahs before Dhuhr without separation (i.e., praying them continuously) open the gates of heaven for them." [Narrated by Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah]
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَرْكَعُ قَبْلَ الْجُمُعَةِ أَرْبَعًا، لَا يَفْصِلُ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنْهُنَّ رَوَاهُ ابْنُ مَاجَهِ وَالطَّبَرَانِيُّ.
Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet (peace be upon him) used to pray four rak'ahs before Jumu’ah without separating them. [Narrated by Ibn Majah and Al-Tabarani]
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «إِذَا صَلَّيْتُمْ بَعْدَ الْجُمُعَةِ فَصَلُّوا أَرْبَعًا». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ. وَفِي أُخْرَى لَهُ: قَالَ: «إِذَا صَلَّى أَحَدُكُمُ الْجُمُعَةَ فَلْيُصَلِّ بَعْدَهَا أَرْبَعًا». وَرَوَى ابْنُ مَاجَهِ وَالتَّرْمِذِيُّ نَحْوَهُ.
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "When you pray after Jumu’ah, pray four rak'ahs." [Narrated by Muslim]
In another narration by Muslim, he said: "When one of you prays Jumu’ah, let him pray four rak'ahs after it." A similar narration was narrated by Ibn Majah and Tirmidhi.
وَعَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ قَالَ: عَلَّمَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ النَّاسَ أَنْ يُصَلُّوْا بَعْدَ الْجُمُعَةِ أَرْبَعًا، فَلَمَّا جَاءَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَّمَهُمْ أَنْ يُصَلُّوْا سِدًّا. رَوَاهُ الطَّحَاوِيُّ وَسَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ.
Abu Abdur-Rahman reported that Ibn Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him) taught people to pray four rak'ahs after Jumu’ah. When Ali ibn Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) came, he taught them to pray six rak'ahs. [Narrated by At-Tahawi and Sa’id ibn Mansur]
وَعَنْ عَلَيَّ (رضي الله عنه) أَنَّهُ قَالَ: مَنْ كَانَ مُصَلَّيًا بَعْدَ الْجُمُعَةِ فَلْيُصَلِّ سِدًّا. رَوَاهُ الطَّحَاوِيُّ، وَرَوَى أَبُو دَاوُدَ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ما نَحْوَهُ.
وَفِي رِوَايَةِ التَّرْمِذِيِّ: قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ ابْنَ عُمَرَ (رضي الله عنهما) صَلَّى بَعْدَ الْجُمُعَةِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ أَرْبَعًا.
قَالَ الطَّحَاوِيُّ: قَالَ أَبُو يُوسُفَ : أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ أَنْ يَبْدَأَ بِالْأَرْبَعِ، ثُمَّ يُثَنِّي بِالرَّكْعَتَيْنِ؛ لِأَنَّهُ هُوَ أَبْعَدُ مِنْ أَنْ يَكُوْنَ قَدْ صَلَّى بَعْدَ الْجُمُعَةِ مِثْلَهَا عَلَى مَا قَدْ نُهِيَ عَنْهُ؛ فَإِنَّ عُمَرَ كَانَ يَكْرَهُ أَنْ يُصَلِّي بَعْدَ صَلَاةِ الْجُمُعَةِ مِثْلَهَا انْتَهَى وَقَالَ عَلِيُّ الْقَارِي: أَنَّ تَقْدِيمَ الْأَرْبَعِ أَوْلَى؛ وَذَلِكَ لِأَنَّ الْأَرْبَعَ سُنَّةٌ بِلَا خِلَافٍ فِي الْمَذْهَبِ.
Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Whoever prays after Jumu’ah, let him pray six rak'ahs." [Narrated by At-Tahawi]
Abu Dawud reported a similar narration from Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him).
In a narration by Tirmidhi: "I saw Ibn Umar pray two rak'ahs after Jumu’ah, then pray four rak'ahs after that."
At-Tahawi said: "Abu Yusuf said: 'I prefer that one begins with four rak'ahs, then follows them with two rak'ahs, as this is further from resembling the prayer that has been prohibited after Jumu’ah. Indeed, Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) disliked praying the same number of rak'ahs after Jumu’ah as the Jumu’ah prayer itself.'"
Ali Al-Qari said: "Preceding with the four rak'ahs is more appropriate, as the four rak'ahs are a confirmed Sunnah without disagreement in the school of thought."
وَعَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَطَاءٍ قَالَ: إِنَّ نَافِعَ بْنَ جُبَيْرٍ أَرْسَلَهُ إِلَى السَّائِبِ يَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ شَيْءٍ رَآهُ مِنْهُ مُعَاوِيَةُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ، فَقَالَ: نَعَمْ، صَلَّيْتُ مَعَهُ الْجُمُعَةَ فِي مَقْصُورَةٍ، فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ الْإِمَامُ قُمْتُ فِي مَقَامِي فَصَلَّيْتُ، فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ أَرْسَلَ إِلَيَّ، فَقَالَ: لَا تَعُدْ لِمَا فَعَلْتَ إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ الْجُمُعَةَ فَلَا تَصِلْهَا بِصَلَاةٍ حَتَّى تُكَلِّمَ أَوْ تَخْرُجَ؛ فَإِنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ أَمَرَنَا بِذَلِكَ أَنْ لَا نُوْصِلَ بِصَلَاةٍ حَتَّى نَتَكَلَّمَ أَوْ نَخْرُجَ رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
وَفِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي دَاوُدَ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ: قَالَ: كَانَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ إِذَا صَلَّى الْجُمُعَةَ بِمَكَّةَ تَقَدَّمَ فَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ، ثُمَّ يَتَقَدَّمُ فَيُصَلِّي أَرْبَعًا.
Amr ibn Ata’ reported that Nafi’ ibn Jubayr sent him to As-Sa’ib to ask him about something Mu’awiyah had seen him do during prayer. He said: "Yes, I prayed Jumu’ah with him in a secluded area. When the Imam concluded the prayer, I stood in my place and prayed. When he entered, he sent for me and said: 'Do not repeat what you did. When you pray Jumu’ah, do not connect it with another prayer until you speak or leave, for the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) commanded us not to connect prayers until we speak or leave.'"
[Narrated by Muslim]
In a narration by Abu Dawud from Ata’: "Ibn Umar, when he prayed Jumu’ah in Makkah, would first pray two rak'ahs, then move forward and pray four rak'ahs."
وَعَنْ كَعْبِ بْنِ عُجْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَتَى مَسْجِدَ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْأَشْهَلِ، فَصَلَّى فِيْهِ الْمَغْرِبَ، فَلَمَّا قَضَوْا صَلَاتَهُمْ رَآهُمْ يُسَبِّحُوْنَ بَعْدَهَا، فَقَالَ: «هَذِهِ صَلَاةُ الْبُيُوتِ». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ.
وَفِي رِوَايَةِ التَّرْمِذِي وَالنَّسَائِي: قَامَ النَّاسُ يَتَنَفَّلُوْنَ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: «عَلَيْكُمْ بِهَذِهِ الصَّلَاةِ فِي الْبُيُوتِ».
Ka’b ibn Ujrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Prophet (peace be upon him) came to the mosque of Banu Abdul-Ashhal and prayed Maghrib there. When they finished their prayer, he saw them praying voluntary prayers afterward. He said: 'This is the prayer of the homes.'" [Narrated by Abu Dawud]
In a narration by Tirmidhi and Nasai: "The people stood to pray voluntary prayers, so the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: 'You should offer such prayers in your homes.'"
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «رَحِمَ اللهُ امْرَأَ صَلَّى قَبْلَ الْعَصْرِ أَرْبَعًا». رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَالتَّرْمِذِيُّ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ.
Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "May Allah have mercy on a person who prays four rak'ahs before Asr." [Narrated by Ahmad, Tirmidhi, and Abu Dawud]
وَعَنْ عَلِيٍّ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُصَلِّي قَبْلَ الْعَصْرِ أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ يَفْصِلُ بَيْنَهُنَّ بِالتَّسْلِيمِ عَلَى الْمَلَائِكَةِ الْمُقَرَّبِينَ وَمَنْ تَبِعَهُمْ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنِينَ. رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.
وَقَالَ: وَاخْتَارَ إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ أَنْ لَا يَفْصِلَ فِي الْأَرْبَعِ قَبْلَ الْعَصْرِ، وَاحْتَجَّ بِهَذَا الحَدِيثِ، وَقَالَ: مَعْنَى قَوْلِهِ: أَنَّهُ يَفْصِلُ بَيْنَهُنَّ بِالتَّسْلِيمِ يَعْنِي التَّشَهُدَ. انْتَهَى
وَقَالَ الْبَغَوِيُّ: الْمُرَادُ بِـ التَّسْلِيمِ التَّشَهُدُ دُوْنَ السَّلَامِ، أَيْ وَسُمِّيَ تَسْلِيمًا عَلَى مَنْ ذُكِرَ؛ لِاسْتِمَالِهِ عَلَيْهِ، وَكَذَا قَالَهُ ابْنُ الْمَلِكِ. قَالَ الطَّيْبِيُّ: وَيُؤَيِّدُهُ حَدِيثُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُوْدٍ (رضي الله عنه): «كُنَّا إِذَا صَلَّيْنَا قُلْنَا : السَّلَامُ عَلَى اللهِ قَبْلَ عِبَادِهِ السَّلَامُ عَلَى جِبْرِيلَ، وَكَانَ ذَلِكَ فِي التَّشَهُدِ، كَذَا فِي الْمِرْقَاةِ».
Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) used to pray four rak'ahs before Asr, separating them with Tasleem (greetings) upon the close angels and those who followed them among the Muslims and believers. [Narrated by Tirmidhi]
Tirmidhi said: "Ishaq ibn Ibrahim preferred not to separate the four rak'ahs before Asr and used this Hadith as evidence. He said: 'The meaning of his statement, "He separates them with Tasleem," refers to the Tashahhud (sitting for testimony).'"
Al-Baghawi said: "The meaning of Tasleem here is the Tashahhud without the final Salam (salutation). It is called Tasleem upon those mentioned because it is a form of supplication for them."
At-Tayyibi said: "This is supported by the Hadith of Abdullah ibn Mas’ud: 'When we prayed, we would say: Peace be upon Allah before His servants, peace be upon Jibreel,' and this was during the Tashahhud."
وَعَنْ عَلِىّ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُصَلِّي قَبْلَ الْعَصْرِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ.
Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) used to pray two rak'ahs before Asr. [Narrated by Abu Dawud]
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: إِنَّمَا صَلَّى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ؛ لِأَنَّهُ أَتَاهُ مَالٌ فَشَغَلَهُ عَنِ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ الظُّهْرِ، فَصَلَّاهُمَا بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ، ثُمَّ لَمْ يُعِدْ. رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ وَقَالَ: هَذَا حَدِيْثٌ حَسَنٌ. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لِلدَّارَقُعْنِي: وَلَمْ أَرَهُ عَادَ لَهُمَا.
Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Prophet (peace be upon him) only prayed the two rak'ahs after Asr because some wealth came to him, which preoccupied him from praying the two rak'ahs after Dhuhr. So he prayed them after Asr and did not repeat it." [Narrated by Tirmidhi, who said: "This is a Hasan Hadith."]
In a narration by Al-Daraqutni: "I did not see him repeat it."
وَعَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ (رضي الله عنه) أَنَّهُ قَالَ: أَمَرَنِي عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَابِ أَنْ أَضْرِبَ مَنْ كَانَ يُصَلِّي بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ بِالدُّرَّةِ. رَوَاهُ الطَّحَاوِيُّ، وَرَوَى مُسْلِمٌ وَمَالِكُ نَحْوَهُ.
Abu Sa’id Al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that Umar ibn Al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) ordered him to strike with a whip anyone who prayed two rak'ahs after Asr. [Narrated by At-Tahawi, and similar narrations were Narrated by Muslim and Malik]
وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: سَأَلْنَا نِسَاءَ رَسُوْلِ اللهِ ﷺ: هَلْ رَأَيْتُنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يُصَلِّي الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ قَبْلَ الْمَغْرِبِ؟ فَقُلْنَ: لَا ، غَيْرُ أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ، قَالَتْ: صَلَّاهَا عِنْدِي مَرَّةً فَسَأَلْتُهُ: مَا هَذِهِ الصَّلَاةُ؟ فَقَالَ : نَسِيْتُ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ قَبْلَ الْعَصْرِ فَصَلَّيْتُهُمَا الْآنَ». رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ، وَإِسْنَادُهُ حَسَنُ.
Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "We asked the wives of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him): 'Did you see the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) pray two rak'ahs before Maghrib?' They said: 'No,' except Umm Salamah, who said: 'He prayed them once in my presence. I asked him: "What is this prayer?" He replied: "I forgot to pray the two rak'ahs before Asr, so I prayed them now."'" [Narrated by Al-Tabarani, and its chain is Hasan]
وَعَنْ حَيَّانَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْن بُرَيْدَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيْهِ : أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ: «بَيْنَ كُلَّ أَذَانَيْنِ صَلَاةٌ، إِلَّا الْمَغْرِبَ». رَوَاهُ الْبَزَّارُ، وَإِسْنَادُهُ حَسَنٌ.
Hayyan ibn Ubaidullah ibn Buraidah reported from his father that the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "Between every two Adhans (call to prayer), there is a prayer, except for Maghrib." [Narrated by Al-Bazzar, and its chain is Hasan]
وَعَنْ طَاوُسٍ قَالَ: سُئِلَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ (رضي الله عنهما) عَنِ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ قَبْلَ الْمَغْرِبِ، فَقَالَ: مَا رَأَيْتُ أَحَدًا عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ وَ يُصَلَّيْهِمَا، وَسَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ.
Tawus said: "Ibn Umar was asked about the two rak'ahs before Maghrib. He said: 'I did not see anyone during the time of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) pray them,' and he mentioned the Hadith." [Narrated by Abu Dawud]
وَعَنْ حَمَّادٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ قَبْلَ الْمَغْرِبِ، فَنَهَانِي عَنْهَا وَقَالَ: إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَأَبَا بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ لَمْ يُصَلُّوْهَا. رَوَاهُ مُحَمَّدٌ فِي الْآثَارِ»، وَرِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتُ مَعَ إِرْسَالِهِ.
Hammad said: "I asked Ibrahim about praying before Maghrib, and he forbade me from it, saying: 'The Prophet (peace be upon him), Abu Bakr, and Umar did not pray it.'" [Narrated by Muhammad in Al-Athar, and its narrators are trustworthy despite its being Mursal]
وَعَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: مَا صَلَّى أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَلَا عُمَرُ وَلَا عُثْمَانُ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ قَبْلَ الْمَغْرِبِ. رَوَاهُ عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ وَمُسَدَّدٌ.
Mansur reported from his father: "Abu Bakr, Umar, and Uthman did not pray the two rak'ahs before Maghrib." [Narrated by Abdur-Razzaq and Musaddad]
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَنْ صَلَّى بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ سِتَّ رَكْعَاتٍ لَمْ يَتَكَلَّمْ فِيْمَا بَيْنَهُنَّ بِسُوْءٍ عُدِلْنَ لَهُ بِعِبَادَةِ ثِنْتَيْ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً. رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ وَقَالَ: هَذَا حَدِيْثٌ غَرِيبٌ، لَا نَعْرِفُهُ إِلَّا مِنْ حَدِيْثِ عُمَرَ بْنِ أَبِي خَثْعَمٍ، وَسَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ إِسْمَاعِيلَ يَقُوْلُ: هُوَ مُنْكَرُ الْحَدِيثِ، وَضَعَّفَهُ جِدًّا.
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Whoever prays six rak'ahs after Maghrib without speaking evil in between, they will be equivalent to the worship of twelve years for him."
[Narrated by Tirmidhi, who said: "This is a Gharib Hadith. We do not know it except through the narration of Umar ibn Abi Khath’am. I heard Muhammad ibn Ismail (Al-Bukhari) say: 'It is a Munkar Hadith,' and he greatly weakened it.")
وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ (رضي الله عنها) قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ : مَنْ صَلَّى بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ عِشْرِينَ رَكْعَةً بَنَى اللهُ لَهُ بَيْتًا فِي الْجَنَّةِ». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.
Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Whoever prays twenty rak'ahs after Maghrib, Allah will build a house for him in Paradise." [Narrated by Tirmidhi]
وَعَنْ مَكْحُوْلٍ - يَبْلُغُ بِهِ - أَنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ: «مَنْ صَلَّى بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَتَكَلَّمَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ - وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ : أَرْبَعَ رَكْعَاتٍ - رُفِعَتْ . صَلَاتُهُ فِي عِلَّيَّيْنَ مُرْسَلًا.
وَعَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ لله نَحْوَهُ. وَزَادَ: فَكَانَ يَقُولُ: عَجِّلُوا الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ؛ فَإِنَّهَا تُرْفَعَانِ مَعَ الْمَكْتُوْبَةِ». رَوَاهُمَا رَزِينٌ، وَرَوَى الْبَيْهَقِيُّ الزَّيَادَةَ عَنْهُ الله نَحْوَهَا فِي شُعَبِ الْإِيْمَانِ».
Makhul reported (as reaching him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Whoever prays two rak'ahs after Maghrib before speaking – and in another narration: four rak'ahs – his prayer will be raised to the highest heavens."
Hudhaifah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated a similar narration and added: "He used to say: 'Hasten to pray the two rak'ahs after Maghrib, for they are raised with the obligatory prayer.'" [Narrated by Razin, and Al-Bayhaqi reported a similar addition in Shu’ab Al-Iman]
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُطِيلُ الْقِرَاءَةَ فِي الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ حَتَّى يَتَفَرَّقَ أَهْلُ الْمَسْجِدِ. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ.
Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) would prolong the recitation in the two rak'ahs after Maghrib until the people in the mosque had dispersed." [Narrated by Abu Dawud]
وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ (رضي الله عنها) قَالَتْ: مَا صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْعِشَاءَ قَطُّ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيَّ إِلَّا صَلَّى أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ أَوْ سِتَّ رَكَعَاتٍ رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ.
Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "Whenever the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) prayed Isha and came to me, he would pray four or six rak'ahs." [Narrated by Abu Dawud]
وَعَنْهَا (رضي الله عنها) قَالَتْ: لَمْ يَكُنِ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَلَى شَيْءٍ مِنَ النَّوَافِلِ أَشَدَّ تَعَاهُدًا ۱ مِنْهُ عَلَى رَكْعَتَيِ الْفَجْرِ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "The Prophet (peace be upon him) was not more consistent in any voluntary prayers than he was in the two rak'ahs of Fajr."1 [Agreed upon]
Notes / الحواشي
1 His statement: "He was not more consistent in any voluntary prayers than he was in the two rak'ahs of Fajr" – The most emphasized Sunnah prayers are the two rak'ahs of Fajr by consensus. Then come the four rak'ahs before Dhuhr, according to the most correct opinion, due to the Hadith: "Whoever abandons them will not attain my intercession." The rest of the Sunnah prayers are equal in status. Some scholars even considered them obligatory, so they cannot be prayed while sitting or riding, by consensus. This is mentioned in Ad-Durr Al-Mukhtar.
۱ قوله: أشد تعاهدا إلخ والسنن أكدها سنة الفجر اتفاقا ، ثم الأربع قبل الظهر في الأصح؛ لحديث: من تركها لم تنله شفاعتي، ثم الكل سواء. وقيل بوجوبها، فلا تجوز صلاتها قاعدا ولا راكبا اتفاقا. قاله في «الدر المختار».
وَعَنْهَا (رضي الله عنها) قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: رَكْعَتَا الْفَجْرِ خَيْرٌ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَمَا فِيهَا». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "The two rak'ahs of Fajr are better than the world and all that it contains." [Narrated by Muslim]