عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ (رضي الله عنهما): أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي الَّذِي لَا يَدْرِي صَلَّى ثَلَاثًا أَمْ أَرْبَعًا، قَالَ: يُعِيدُ حَتَّى يَحْفَظَ رَوَاهُ ابْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ.
وَفِي رِوَايَتِهِ عَنْهُ الله : أَنَّهُ قَالَ: أَمَّا أَنَا، فَإِذَا لَمْ أَدْرِ كَمْ صَلَّيْتُ فَإِنِّي أُعِيدُ. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لَهُ عَنِ ابْنِ جُبَيْرٍ وَالشَّعْبِيِّ وَشُرَيْحٍ نَحْوُهُ.
Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said regarding someone who does not know whether he prayed three or four Rak'ahs: "He should repeat the prayer until he is certain." [Narrated by Ibn Abi Shaybah]
In another narration from him: "As for me, if I do not know how many Rak'ahs I prayed, I repeat the prayer." A similar narration is reported from Ibn Jubayr, Ash-Sha'bi, and Shurayh.
وَعَنْ طَاوُسٍ قَالَ: إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ فَلَمْ تَدْرِ كَمْ صَلَّيْتَ فَأَعِدْهَا مَرَّةً، فَإِنِ الْتَبَسَتْ عَلَيْكَ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى فَلَا تُعِدْهَا . رَوَاهُ ابْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، وَرَوَى مَالِكُ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ نَحْوَهُ.
وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لِلْبُخَارِيِّ وَأَبِي دَاوُدَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «وَإِذَا شَلَّ أَحَدُكُمْ فِي صَلَاتِهِ فَلْيَتَحَرَّ الصَّوَابَ، فَلْيُتِمَّ عَلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ يُسَلِّمُ، ثُمَّ يَسْجُدُ سَجْدَتَيْنِ».
قَالَ الْعَلَامَةُ الْعَيْنِيُّ: تَبْوِيْبُ أَبِي دَاوُدَ يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّهُ يَبْنِي عَلَى أَكْبَرِ رَأْبِهِ حَيْثُ قَالَ: بَابُ مَنْ قَالَ: يُتِمُّ عَلَى أَكْبَرِ ظَنَّهِ».
Tawus (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "If you pray and do not know how many Rak'ahs you prayed, repeat it once. If you are confused again, do not repeat it." [Narrated by Ibn Abi Shaybah while Malik narrated a similar report from Ata]
In a narration by Al-Bukhari and Abu Dawud from the Prophet (peace be upon him): "If one of you is confused during prayer, let him determine the most likely correct number, complete the prayer, say the Taslim, and then perform two prostrations of forgetfulness."
Al-'Ayni said: Abu Dawud's chapter heading indicates that one should act according to the most likely assumption, as he said: "Chapter on Those who say to complete based on the most likely assumption."
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُوْدٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: إِذَا شَكٍّ أَحَدُكُمْ فِي صَلَاةٍ فَلَا يَدْرِي ثَلَاثًا صَلَّى أَمْ أَرْبَعًا، فَلْيَتَحَرَّ فَلْيَنْظُرْ أَفْضَلَ ظَنَّهِ، فَإِنْ كَانَ أَكْبَرُ ظَنَّهِ أَنَّهَا ثَلَاثُ قَامَ، فَأَضَافَ إِلَيْهَا الرَّابِعَةَ، ثُمَّ تَشَهَّدَ فَسَلَّمَ وَسَجَدَ سَجْدَتَي السَّهْوِ. وَإِنْ كَانَ أَفْضَلُ ظَنَّهِ أَنَّهُ صَلَّى أَرْبَعًا تَشَهَّدَ ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ، ثُمَّ سَجَدَ سَجْدَتَي السَّهْوِ رَوَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ فِي الْآثَارِ».
Abdullah ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "If one of you is uncertain during prayer and does not know whether he prayed three or four Rak'ahs, let him determine the most likely assumption. If he thinks it is three, let him add one more, then say the Tashahhud, say the Taslim, and perform two prostrations of forgetfulness. If he thinks it is four, let him say the Tashahhud, say the Taslim, and perform two prostrations of forgetfulness." [Narrated by Muhammad in Al-Athar]
وَعَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ قَالَ: سُئِلَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ وَأَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيُّ (رضي الله عنهم) عَنْ رَجُلٍ سَهَى، فَلَمْ يَدْرِ كَمْ صَلَّى، قَالَ: يَتَحَرَّى أَصْوَبَ ذَلِكَ، فَيُتِمُّهُ، ثُمَّ يَسْجُدُ سَجْدَتَيْنِ. رَوَاهُ الطحاوي.
Amr ibn Dinar (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that Ibn Umar and Abu Sa'id Al-Khudri were asked about a man who forgot and did not know how many Rak'ahs he prayed. They said: "He should determine the most correct number, complete the prayer, and then perform two prostrations of forgetfulness." [Narrated by At-Tahawi]
وَعَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فِي مَنْ نَسِيَ الْفَرِيضَةَ، فَلَا يَدْرِي أَرْبَعًا صَلَّى أَمْ ثَلَاثًا، قَالَ: إِنْ كَانَ أَوَّلَ نِسْيَانِهِ أَعَادَ الصَّلَاةَ، وَإِنْ كَانَ يُكْثِرُ النَّسْيَانَ يَتَحَرَّى الصَّوَابَ، وَإِنْ كَانَ أَكْبَرُ رَأْيِهِ أَنَّهُ أَتَمَّ الصَّلَاةَ سَجَدَ سَجْدَتَي السَّهْوِ، وَإِنْ كَانَ أَكْبَرُ رَأْيِهِ أَنَّهُ صَلَّى ثَلَاثًا أَضَافَ إِلَيْهَا وَاحِدَةً، ثُمَّ سَجَدَ سَجْدَتَي السَّهْوِ. رَوَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ فِي الْآثَارِ».
Ibrahim (may Allah be pleased with him) said regarding someone who forgets the obligatory prayer and does not know whether he prayed three or four Rak'ahs: "If it is his first time forgetting, he should repeat the prayer. If he frequently forgets, he should determine the most correct number. If he thinks he completed the prayer, he should perform two prostrations of forgetfulness. If he thinks he prayed three, he should add one more and then perform two prostrations of forgetfulness." [Narrated by Muhammad in "Al-Athar"]
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُوْلُ: «مَنْ صَلَّى صَلَاةً يَشُكُ فِي النُّقْصَانِ، فَلْيُصَلِّ حَتَّى يَشُلَّ فِي الزَّيَادَةِ». رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ.
وَفِي رِوَايَةِ التَّرْمِذِي عَنْهُ الله قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَقُوْلُ: «إِذَا سَهَا أَحَدُكُمْ فِي صَلَاتِهِ: فَلَمْ يَدْرٍ وَاحِدَةٌ صَلَّى أَوْ ثِنْتَيْنِ فَلْيَيْنِ عَلَى وَاحِدَةٍ، فَإِن لَمْ يَدْرِ ثِنْتَيْنِ صَلَّى أَوْ ثَلَاثًا فَلْيَبْنِ عَلَى ثِنْتَيْنِ، فَإِن لَمْ يَدْرِ ثَلَاثًا صَلَّى أَوْ أَرْبَعًا فَلْيَيْنِ عَلَى ثَلَاثٍ، وَيَسْجُدُ سَجْدَتَيْنِ».
قَالَ التَّرْمِذِيُّ: هَذَا حَدِيْثُ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.
فَالْحَاصِلُ : أَنَّهُ قَدْ ثَبَتَ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ أَحَادِيْثُ ثَلَاثَةٌ:
أَحَدُهَا: «إِذَا شَلَّ أَحَدُكُمْ فِي الصَّلَاةِ فَلْيَسْتَأْنِفْ أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ.
وَثَانِيهَا: مَنْ شَكٍّ فِي صَلَاتِهِ فَلْيَتَحَرَّ الصَّوَابَ».
وَثَالِثُهَا: هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ النَّاطِقُ بِالْبِنَاءِ عَلَى مَا اسْتَيْقَنَ.
فَجَمَعَ إِمَامُنَا أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ الله بَيْنَهَا بِحَمْلِ الْأَوَّلِ عَلَى عُرُوضِ الشَّكٌّ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ، وَالثَّانِي عَلَى صُورَةِ وُقُوْعِ التَّحَرِّي عَلَى أَحَدِ الْجَانِبَيْنِ، وَالثَّالِثِ عَلَى عَدَمِ وُقُوْعِ التَّحَرِّي عَلَيْهِ. وَهَذَا كَمَالُ الْجَامِعِيَّةِ الَّذِي ابْتَنَى مَذْهَبُ إِمَامِنَا أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ عَلَيْهِ، كَذَا فِي شَرْحِ الْمُنْيَةِ».
Abdur Rahman ibn Awf (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) say, "Whoever prays a prayer and is in doubt about whether he has shortened it, let him pray until he is certain of the excess." [Narrated by Ahmad]
In another narration by Tirmidhi, Abdur Rahman ibn Awf (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I heard the Prophet (peace be upon him) say, "If one of you is in doubt during his prayer and does not know whether he has prayed one or two rak'ahs, let him assume it is one. If he does not know whether he has prayed two or three rak'ahs, let him assume it is two. If he does not know whether he has prayed three or four rak'ahs, let him assume it is three, and then perform two prostrations of forgetfulness." Tirmidhi said: This is a Hasan Sahih Hadith.
The conclusion is that three narrations have been established in this Chapter on
"If one of you is in doubt during his prayer, let him start over," or something similar.
"Whoever is in doubt about his prayer, let him strive to determine the correct number."
This hadith, which instructs building upon what is certain.
Our Imam Abu Hanifah (may Allah have mercy on him) reconciled these narrations by interpreting the first as referring to the first occurrence of doubt, the second as referring to cases where one can determine the correct number, and the third as referring to cases where one cannot determine the correct number. This is the perfection of comprehensiveness upon which the school of Imam Abu Hanifah is based, as mentioned in Sharh al-Munyah.
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ (رضي الله عنه) أَنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ: «مَنْ شَكٍّ فِي صَلَاتِهِ فَلْيَسْجُدْ سَجْدَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ مَا يُسَلِّمُ». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ.
Abdullah ibn Ja'far (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, "Whoever is in doubt about his prayer, let him perform two prostrations after the salam." [Narrated by Abu Dawud]
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه): أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ سَجَدَ فِي وَهْمِهِ بَعْدَ السَّلَامِ. رَوَاهُ النَّسَائِيُّ.
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet (peace be upon him) performed prostrations of forgetfulness after the salam due to uncertainty. [Narrated by Nasa'i]
وَعَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ : أَنَّ ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ (رضي الله عنه) سَجَدَ سَجْدَتَي السَّهْوِ بَعْدَ السَّلَامِ، وَذَكَرَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ. رَوَاهُ ابْنُ مَاجَهِ، وَرَوَى التَّرْمِذِيُّ نَحْوَهُ.
Alqamah reported that Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) performed two prostrations of forgetfulness after the salam and mentioned that the Prophet (peace be upon him) did the same. [Narrated by Ibn Majah, and Tirmidhi narrated something similar]
وَعَنِ ابْنِ سِيْرِينَ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: صَلَّى بِنَا رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ إِحْدَى صَلَاتِي الْعَشِيِّ - قَالَ ابْنُ سِيرِينَ : قَدْ سَمَّاهَا أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ، وَلَكِنْ نَسِيْتُ أَنَا - قَالَ: فَصَلَّى بِنَا رَكْعَتَيْنِ، ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ، فَقَامَ إِلَى خَشَبَةٍ مَعْرُوْضَةٍ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ، فَاتَّكَأَ عَلَيْهَا كَأَنَّهُ غَضْبَانُ، وَوَضَعَ يَدَهُ الْيُمْنَى عَلَى الْيُسْرَى، وَشَبَّكَ بَيْنَ أَصَابِعِهِ، وَوَضَعَ خَدَّهُ الْأَيْمَنَ عَلَى ظَهْرِ كَفِّهِ الْيُسْرَى، وَخَرَجَتْ سَرَعَانُ الْقَوْمِ مِنْ أَبْوَابِ الْمَسْجِدِ. فَقَالُوا: قُصِرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ وَفِي الْقَوْمِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ(رضي الله عنهما) ، فَهَابَاهُ أَنْ يُكَلِّمَاهُ.
وَفِي الْقَوْمِ رَجُلٌ فِي يَدَيْهِ طُولُ - يُقَالُ لَهُ: ذُو الْيَدَيْنِ - قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، أَنَسِيْتَ أَمْ قُصِرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ؟ فَقَالَ: «لَمْ أَنْسَ وَلَمْ تُقْصَرْ، فَقَالَ: «أَكَمَا يَقُوْلُ ذُو الْيَدَيْنِ؟» فَقَالُوْا: نَعَمْ. فَتَقَدَّمَ فَصَلَّى مَا تَرَكَ، ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ، ثُمَّ كَبَّرَ وَسَجَدَ مِثْلَ سُجُوْدِهِ أَوْ أَطْوَلَ، ثُمَّ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ وَكَبَّرَ، ثُمَّ كَبَّرَ وَسَجَدَ مِثْلَ سُجُودِهِ أَوْ أَطْوَلَ، ثُمَّ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ وَكَبَّرَ فَرُبَمَا سَأَلُوْهُ: ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ؟ فَيَقَوْلُ: نُبِّئْتُ أَنَّ عِمْرَانَ بْنَ حُصَيْنٍ قَالَ : ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ، وَلَفْظُهُ لِلْبُخَارِيِّ.
وَفِي أُخْرَى لَهُمَا: فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَدَلَ لَمْ أَنْسَ وَلَمْ تُقْصَرْ»: «كُلُّ ذَلِكَ لَمْ يَكُنْ»، فَقَالَ: قَدْ كَانَ بَعْضُ ذَلِكَ يَا رَسُوْلَ اللهِ.
Ibn Sirin reported from Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) led them in one of the afternoon prayers, Ibn Sirin said: Abu Hurairah named the prayer, but I forgot it, and he prayed two rak'ahs, then said the salam. He then went to a piece of wood placed in the mosque, leaned on it as if he were angry, placed his right hand over his left, interlaced his fingers, and placed his right cheek on the back of his left hand. Some people hurried out of the mosque and said"The prayer has been shortened." Among them were Abu Bakr and Umar (may Allah be pleased with them), but they hesitated to speak to him.
A man with long arms, called Dhul-Yadain, said"O Messenger of Allah, did you forget, or has the prayer been shortened?" The Prophet (peace be upon him) said"I did not forget, nor has the prayer been shortened." He asked"Is what Dhul-Yadain said true?" They replied"Yes." So he stood up, prayed what he had missed, said the salam, then said takbir and prostrated as he usually did or longer, then raised his head and said takbir. He then prostrated again as he usually did or longer, raised his head, and said takbir. Sometimes they asked him"Did he say the salam afterward?" He would reply"I was informed that Imran ibn Husayn said he did." This was agreed upon (by Bukhari and Muslim], and the wording is from Bukhari.
In another narration by both, the Prophet (peace be upon him) said"None of that happened," and Dhul-Yadain replied"Some of it did, O Messenger of Allah."
وَعَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ (رضي الله عنه): أَنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ صَلَّى الْعَصْرَ وَسَلَّمَ فِي ثَلَاثِ رَكَعَاتٍ، ثُمَّ دَخَلَ مَنْزِلَهُ، فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ - يُقَالُ لَهُ الْخِرْبَاقُ، وَكَانَ فِي يَدَيْهِ طُوْلُ - فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُوْلَ اللهِ، فَذَكَرَ لَهُ صَنِيْعَهُ، فَخَرَجَ غَضْبَانَ يَجُرُّ رِدَاءَهُ حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى النَّاسِ، فَقَالَ: «أَصَدَقَ هَذَا؟ قَالُوا : نَعَمْ. فَصَلَّى رَكْعَةً ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ، ثُمَّ سَجَدَ سَجْدَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
Imran ibn Husayn (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) prayed Asr and said the salam after three rak'ahs. He then entered his house, and a man named Khirbaq, who had long arms, came to him and mentioned what he had done. The Prophet (peace be upon him) came out angrily, dragging his cloak, and asked, "Is what he said true?" They replied, "Yes." So he prayed one rak'ah, said the salam, performed two prostrations, and then said the salam again. [Narrated by Muslim]
وَعَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ صَالِحِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: صَلَّيْتُ خَلْفَ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ (رضي الله عنه) صَلَاةً فَسَهَا فِيْهَا، فَسَجَدَ بَعْدَ السَّلَامِ ، ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ إِلَيْنَا وَقَالَ: أَمَا إِنِّي لَمْ أَصْنَعْ إِلَّا كَمَا رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَصْنَعُ رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ.
وَفِي رِوَايَةِ التَّرْمِذِي وَأَبِي دَاوُدَ وَالنَّسَائِي عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ : أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ صَلَّى بِهِمْ فَسَهَا، فَسَجَدَ سَجْدَتَيْنِ، ثُمَّ تَشَهَدَ، ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ. قَالَ التَّرْمِذِيُّ: هَذَا حَدِيْثٌ حَسَنُ غَرِيبٌ. وَرَوَى الْحَاكِمُ وَابْنُ حِبَّانَ نَحْوَهُ، وَقَالَ الْحَاكِمُ: صَحِيحُ عَلَى شَرْطِ الشَّيْخَيْنِ. وَفِي عُمْدَةِ الرِّعَايَةِ»: وَاسْتَفَادَ مِنْهُ أَنَّ سُجُودَ السَّهْوِ يَرْفَعُ التَّشَهُدَ السَّابِقَ فَيَتَشَهَّدُ بَعْدَهُ.
Muhammad ibn Salih ibn Ali ibn Abdullah ibn Abbas reported that he prayed behind Anas ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), who made a mistake in the prayer and performed two prostrations after the salam. Anas then turned to them and said, "I only did what I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) do." [Narrated by Tabarani]
In a narration by Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud, and Nasa'i from Imran ibn Husayn (may Allah be pleased with him), the Prophet (peace be upon him) led them in prayer, made a mistake, performed two prostrations, then recited the tashahhud and said the salam. Tirmidhi said: This is a Hasan Gharib Hadith. Hakim and Ibn Hibban narrated something similar, and Hakim said it is Sahih according to the conditions of Bukhari and Muslim. In Umdat al-Ri'ayah, it is mentioned that this indicates the tashahhud before the prostrations is invalidated, and one must recite it again afterward.
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ (رضي الله عنه): أَنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ صَلَّى الظَّهْرَ خَمْسًا، فَقِيلَ لَهُ: أَزِيدَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ؟ فَقَالَ: «وَمَا ذَاكَ؟»، قَالَ: صَلَّيْتَ خَمْسًا، فَسَجَدَ سَجْدَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ مَا سَلَّمَ. رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ.
Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) prayed Zuhr with five rak'ahs. He was asked, "Has the prayer been increased?" He replied, "What is that?" They said, "You prayed five rak'ahs." So he performed two prostrations after the salam. [Narrated by Bukhari and Abu Dawud]
وَعَنْ ثَوْبَانَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: «لِكُلِّ سَهْوِ سَجْدَتَانِ بَعْدَ مَا يُسَلِّمُ». رَوَاهُ ابْنُ مَاجَه وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ، وَرَوَى أَحْمَدُ وَعَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ وَالطَّبَرَانِيُّ نَحْوَهُ.
Thawban (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that he heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) say, "For every mistake, there are two prostrations after the salam." [Narrated by Ibn Majah and Abu Dawud, and Ahmad, Abdur Razzaq, and Tabarani narrated something similar]
وَعَنِ الشَّعْبِي قَالَ: صَلَّى بِنَا الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ (رضي الله عنه) فَنَهَضَ فِي رَكْعَتَيْنِ، فَسَبَّحَ بِهِ الْقَوْمُ وَسَبَّحَ بِهِمْ، فَلَمَّا قَضَى صَلَاتَهُ سَلَّمَ، ثُمَّ سَجَدَ سَجْدَتَي السَّهْوِ وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ، ثُمَّ حَدَّثَهُمْ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَعَلَ بِهِمْ مِثْلَ الَّذِي فَعَلَ. رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.
Ash-Sha'bi reported that Al-Mughirah ibn Shu'bah (may Allah be pleased with him) led them in prayer and stood up after two rak'ahs. The people signaled to him, and he signaled back. When he completed the prayer, he said the salam, then performed two prostrations of forgetfulness while sitting. He then told them that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) had done the same. [Narrated by Tirmidhi]
وَعَنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: صَلَّى بِنَا رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ فَسَهَا، فَنَهَضَ فِي رَكْعَتَيْنِ، فَسَبِّحْنَا بِهِ فَمَضَى، فَلَمَّا أَتَمَّ الصَّلَاةَ وَسَلَّمَ سَجَدَ سَجْدَتَي السَّهْوِ. رَوَاهُ الطَّحَاوِيُّ.
Al-Mughirah ibn Shu'bah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) led us in prayer and forgot (to complete it). He stood up after two rak'ahs, so we signaled to him, but he continued. When he completed the prayer and said the salam, he performed two prostrations of forgetfulness. [Narrated by Al-Tahawi]
وَعَنْهُ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «إِذَا قَامَ الْإِمَامُ فِي الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ، فَإِنْ ذَكَرَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَسْتَوِيَ قَائِمًا فَلْيَجْلِسُ، وَإِنِ اسْتَوَى قَائِمًا فَلَا يَجْلِسُ، وَيَسْجُدُ سَجْدَتَيِ السَّهْوِ». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَابْنُ مَاجَه.
Al-Mughirah ibn Shu'bah (may Allah be pleased with him) also reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "If the imam stands up after two rak'ahs, and if he remembers before standing up straight, he should sit down. But if he stands up straight, he should not sit down and should perform two prostrations of forgetfulness." [Narrated by Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah]
Notes / الحواشي
1 The statement: "And when the Qur'an is recited to them, they do not prostrate." is explained in Al-Mirqat: The prostration of recitation (Sajdah al-Tilawah) is obligatory based on this verse and the hadith that follows, for both the reciter and the listener, even if the listener was not actively listening, according to Abu Hanifah and his companions. Malik, Shafi'i, and Ahmad said it is recommended (Sunnah) for both the reciter and the listener. There is a difference of opinion regarding someone who was not actively listening to the recitation but happened to hear it. There are two opinions among the followers of Shafi'i, the stronger of which, as mentioned in Al-Rawdah, is that it is also recommended.