عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: كُنْتُ أَعْرِفُ انْقِضَاءَ صَلَاةِ رَسُوْلِ اللهِ ﷺ بِالتَّكْبِيرِ . مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
قَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ بْنُ بَطَالٍ فِي شَرْحِ الْبُخَارِيَّ: يَحْتَمِلُ أَنْ يَكُوْنَ أَرَادَ بِهِ الْمُجَاهِدِينَ، فَإِن كَانَ كَذَلِكَ فَهُوَ إِلَى الْآن، وَعَلَيْهِ العَمَلُ، وَهُوَ أَنَّ الْمُجَاهِدِينَ إِذَا صَلُّوا الْخَمْسَ فَيُسْتَحَبُّ لَهُمْ أَنْ يُكَبِّرُوا جَهْرًا، يَرْفَعُوْنَ أَصْوَاتَهُمْ لِيُرْهِبُوا الْعَدُوْ. فَإِن لَمْ يُحْمَلْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ فَيَكُوْنُ مَنْسُوْخًا بِالْإِجْمَاعِ؛ لِأَنَّهُ لَا نَعْلَمُ أَحَدًا مِنَ الْعُلَمَاءِ يَقُوْلُ بِهِ. انْتَهَى وَفِي الْبِنَايَةِ»: قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرِ الرَّازِيُّ: قَالَ مَشَايِخُنَا: التَّكَبِيرُ جَهْرًا فِي غَيْرِ أَيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ لَا يُسَنُّ إِلَّا بِإِزَاءِ الْعَدُوِّ وَاللُّصُوصِ ، وَقِيلَ : وَكَذَا فِي الْحَرِيقِ وَالْمَخَاوِفِ كُلَّهَا انْتَهَى
Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "I used to recognize the end of the Messenger of Allah’s (peace be upon him) prayer by the Takbir." [Agreed upon]
Abu Al-Hasan Ibn Battal said in his explanation of Al-Bukhari: "This could refer to the Mujahideen (those engaged in jihad). If so, then it remains applicable, and it is practiced that when the Mujahideen pray the five prayers, it is recommended for them to say Takbir aloud, raising their voices to intimidate the enemy. If it is not understood in this context, then it is abrogated by consensus, as we do not know of any scholar who holds this opinion."
In Al-Binayah, Abu Bakr Ar-Razi said: "Our scholars said: Saying Takbir aloud outside the days of Tashreeq is not Sunnah except when facing an enemy or thieves. It is also said to apply during fires and all situations of fear."
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ : كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا سَلَّمَ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ يَقُوْلُ بِصَوْتِهِ الْأَعْلَى: «لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَحْدَهُ، لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ، وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ، لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللهِ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ، وَلَا نَعْبُدُ إِلَّا إِيَّاهُ، لَهُ النَّعْمَةُ، وَلَهُ الْفَضْلُ، وَلَهُ الثَّنَاءُ الْحَسَنُ ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ مُخْلِصِينَ لَهُ الدِّيْنُ، وَلَوْ كَرِهَ الْكَافِرُوْنَ». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمُ.
وَفِي الْأُمِّ» حُمِلَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى سَبِيلِ التَّعْلِيمِ، فَإِنْ حَصَلَ التَّعْلِيمُ أَمْسَكَ، كَذَا فِي الْمِرْقَاةِ». وَقَالَ فِي الْمَدْخَلِ»: وَلْيَحْذَرُوا جَمِيعًا مِنَ الْجَهْرِ بِالذِّكْرِ وَالدُّعَاءِ عِنْدَ الْفَرَاغِ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ إِنْ كَانَ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ؛ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْبِدَعِ انْتَهَى
Abdullah ibn Az-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) would say aloud after finishing his prayer:
لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَحْدَهُ، لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ، وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ، لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللهِ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، وَلَا نَعْبُدُ إِلَّا إِيَّاهُ، لَهُ النَّعْمَةُ، وَلَهُ الْفَضْلُ، وَلَهُ الثَّنَاءُ الْحَسَنُ ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ مُخْلِصِينَ لَهُ الدِّيْنُ، وَلَوْ كَرِهَ الْكَافِرُوْنَ
"There is no god but Allah alone, with no partner. To Him belongs the dominion and to Him belongs all praise, and He is over all things competent. There is no power nor strength except with Allah. There is no god but Allah, and we worship none but Him. To Him belongs all favor, grace, and excellent praise. There is no god but Allah, sincere in faith to Him, even if the disbelievers dislike it." [Narrated by Muslim]
In Al-Umm, this is understood as a method of teaching. Once the teaching is accomplished, it is stopped. As mentioned in Al-Mirqah. In Al-Madkhal, it is said: "People should be cautious of raising their voices in remembrance and supplication after finishing the prayer in congregation, as this is an innovation."
وَعَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ قِيلَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، أَيُّ الدُّعَاءِ أَسْمَعُ؟ قَالَ: «جَوْفَ اللَّيْلِ الْآخِرِ، وَدُبُرَ الصَّلَوَاتِ الْمَكْتُوْبَاتِ». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.
Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that it was said: "O Messenger of Allah, which supplication is most likely to be answered?" He said: "In the last third of the night and after the obligatory prayers." [Narrated by Al-Tirmidhi]
وَعَنِ الْأَسْوَدِ، عَنْ أَبِيْهِ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: صَلَّيْتُ مَعَ رَسُوْلِ اللهِ ﷺ الْفَجْرَ، فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ الْحَرَفَ وَرَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ وَدَعَا رَوَاهُ ابْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ فِي الْمُصَنَّفِ». وَيُؤَيِّدُهُ مَا رَوَاهُ ابْنُ السُّنِّي فِي كِتَابِ عَمَلُ الْيَوْمِ وَاللَّيْلَةِ» عَنْ أَنَسٍ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ بَسَطَ كَفَّيْهِ فِي دُبُرِ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ ، ثُمَّ يَقُوْلُ: اللهُمَّ إِلَهِي، وَإِلَهَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِسْحَاقَ وَيَعْقُوْبَ، وَإِلَهَ جِبْرِيلَ وَمِيكَائِيلَ وَإِسْرَافِيْلَ، أَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ تَسْتَجِيْبَ دَعْوَتِي؛ فَإِنِّي مُضْطَرُّ، وَتَعْصِمَنِي فِي دِينِي فَإِنِّي مُبْتَلَى، وَتَنَالَنِي بِرَحْمَتِكَ، فَإِنِّي مُذْنِبُ، وَتَنْفِيَ عَنِّي الْفَقْرَ؛ فَإِنِّي مُتَمَسْكِنُ، إِلَّا كَانَ حَقًّا عَلَى اللهِ عَزَّوَجَلَّ أَنْ لَا يَرُدَّ يَدَيْهِ خَائِبَيْنِ».
فَثَبَتَ بِهَذِهِ الْأَحَادِيثِ الدُّعَاءُ وَرَفْعُ الْيَدَيْنِ فِي الدُّعَاءِ بَعْدَ الصَّلَاةِ الْمَفْرُوْضَةِ عَنْ سَيِّدِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَأُسْوَةِ الْأَنْقِيَاءِ ، كَمَا لَا يَخْفَى عَلَى الْعُلَمَاءِ الْأَذْكِيَاءِ، قَالَهُ مَوْلَانَا عَبْدُ الْحَيَّ اللَّكْنَوِيُّ فِي فَتَاوَاهُ.
Al-Aswad, from his father (may Allah be pleased with him), reported: "I prayed Fajr with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). When he finished, he turned and raised his hands and supplicated." [Narrated by Ibn Abi Shaybah in Al-Musannaf]
This is supported by what Ibn As-Sunni narrated in Amal Al-Yawm wa Al-Laylah from Anas, from the Prophet (peace be upon him), who said: "There is no servant who spreads his hands after every prayer and says:
اللَّهُمَّ إِلَهِي، وَإِلَهَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِسْحَاقَ وَيَعْقُوْبَ، وَإِلَهَ جِبْرِيلَ وَمِيكَائِيلَ وَإِسْرَافِيْلَ، أَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ تَسْتَجِيْبَ دَعْوَتِي؛ فَإِنِّي مُضْطَرُّ، وَتَعْصِمَنِي فِي دِينِي فَإِنِّي مُبْتَلَى، وَتَنَالَنِي بِرَحْمَتِكَ، فَإِنِّي مُذْنِبُ، وَتَنْفِيَ عَنِّي الْفَقْرَ؛ فَإِنِّي مُتَمَسْكِنُ،
“O Allah, my Lord and the Lord of Ibrahim, Ishaq, and Yaqub, the Lord of Jibril, Mika’il, and Israfil, I ask You to answer my supplication, for I am in need. Protect me in my religion, for I am tested. Grant me Your mercy, for I am sinful. Remove poverty from me, for I am in need”
… except that Allah Almighty, in His infinite mercy, takes it upon Himself not to return his hands empty."
These narrations confirm the practice of supplication and raising the hands after the obligatory prayers, as established by the leader of the Prophets and the model of the righteous, as is clear to the wise scholars. This was stated by Mawlana Abdul Hayy Al-Laknawi in his Fatawa.
وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ (رضي الله عنها) قَالَتْ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا سَلَّمَ لَمْ يَقْعُدْ إِلَّا مِقْدَارَ مَا يَقُولُ: اللهُمَّ أَنْتَ السَّلَامُ، وَمِنْكَ السَّلَامُ، تَبَارَكْتَ يَا ذَا الْجَلَالِ وَالْإِكْرَامِ». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمُ.
Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) would not sit after finishing the prayer except long enough to say:
اللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ السَّلَامُ، وَمِنْكَ السَّلَامُ، تَبَارَكْتَ يَا ذَا الْجَلَالِ وَالْإِكْرَامِ
"O Allah, You are As-Salam (the Source of Peace), and from You is peace. Blessed are You, O Possessor of Majesty and Honor." [Narrated by Muslim]
وَعَنِ الْأَزْرَقِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ قَالَ: صَلَّى بِنَا إِمَامُ لَنَا - يُكَنَّى أَبَا رِمْثَةَ - قَالَ: صَلَّيْتُ هَذِهِ الصَّلَاةَ أَوْ مِثْلَ هَذِهِ الصَّلَاةِ مَعَ رَسُوْلِ اللهِ ، قَالَ: وَكَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ (رضي الله عنهما) يَقُوْمَانِ فِي الصَّفِّ الْمُقَدَّمِ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ، وَكَانَ رَجُلٌ قَدْ شَهِدَ التَّكَبِيرَةَ الْأُولَى مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ، فَصَلَّى نَبِيُّ اللهِ ، ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَعَنْ يَسَارِهِ حَتَّى رَأَيْنَا بَيَاضَ خَدَّيْهِ، ثُمَّ انْفَتَلَ كَانْفِتَالِ أَبِي رِمْئَةَ، يَعْنِي نَفْسَهُ.
فَقَامَ الرَّجُلُ الَّذِي أَدْرَكَ مَعَهُ التَّكَبِيرَةَ الْأُولَى مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ يَشْفَعُ، فَوَثَبَ إِلَيْهِ عُمَرُ فَأَخَذَ بِمَنْكِبَيْهِ فَهَزَّهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: اجْلِسْ ؛ فَإِنَّهُ لَنْ يُهْلَكَ أَهْلُ الْكِتَابِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ بَيْنَ صَلَاتِهِمْ فَضْلُ. فَرَفَعَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بَصَرَهُ فَقَالَ: «أَصَابَ اللهُ بِكَ يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَابِ». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ.
وَفِي شَرْحِ الْمُنْيَةِ»: إِنَّ الْمُكْثَ مِقْدَارَ اللهُمَّ أَنْتَ السَّلَامُ إِلى آخره» فَضْلُ، وَلَا دَلِيْلَ عَلَى الْمُكْثِ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ، فَيُكْرَهُ لِمُخَالَفَةِ مَا كَانَ دَأْبُهُ ، كَمَا هُوَ مَفْهُوْمُ حَدِيْثِ عَائِشَةَ ما . انْتَهَى
Al-Azraq ibn Qays reported: "An Imam led us in prayer, he was nicknamed Abu Rimthah. He said: 'I prayed this prayer or a similar prayer with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him).' He said: 'Abu Bakr and Umar stood in the front row to his right. A man who had witnessed the first Takbir of the prayer prayed with the Prophet (peace be upon him). When the Prophet finished, he turned to his right and left in the Salam until we saw the whiteness of his cheeks. Then he turned away like Abu Rimthah (meaning himself). The man who had joined the prayer from the first Takbir stood up to pray an additional prayer. Umar jumped up, grabbed him by the shoulders, shook him, and said: 'Sit down! The People of the Book were not destroyed except because they did not leave any distinction between their prayers.' The Prophet (peace be upon him) raised his gaze and said: 'Allah has guided you, O son of Al-Khattab.'" [Narrated by Abu Dawud]
In Sharh Al-Munyah: "Staying for the duration of saying اللهُمَّ أَنْتَ السَّلَامُ إِلى آخره 'O Allah, You are As-Salam...' is a virtue, but there is no evidence for staying longer than that. It is disliked to go against his usual practice, as understood from the hadith of Aisha."
وَعَنْ ثَوْبَانَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا انْصَرَفَ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ اسْتَغْفَرَ ثَلَاثًا، وَقَالَ: «اللهُمَّ أَنْتَ السَّلَامُ وَمِنْكَ السَّلَامُ، تَبَارَكْتَ يَا ذَا الْجَلَالِ وَالْإِكْرَامِ». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
Thawban (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) would seek forgiveness three times after finishing his prayer and say:
اللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ السَّلَامُ وَمِنْكَ السَّلَامُ، تَبَارَكْتَ يَا ذَا الْجَلَالِ وَالْإِكْرَامِ
"O Allah, You are As-Salam, and from You is peace. Blessed are You, O Possessor of Majesty and Honor." [Narrated by Muslim]
وَعَنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ (رضي الله عنه): أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ يَقُوْلُ فِي دُبُرِ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ مَكْتُوبَةٍ: «لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَحْدَهُ، لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ الْمُلْكُ، وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ، وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرُ اللهُمَّ لَا مَانِعَ لِمَا أَعْطَيْتَ، وَلَا مُعْطِيَ لِمَا مَنَعْتَ، وَلَا يَنْفَعُ ذَا الْجَدَّ مِنْكَ الْجَدُّ». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Al-Mughirah ibn Shu'bah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet (peace be upon him) would say after every obligatory prayer:
لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَحْدَهُ، لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ الْمُلْكُ، وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ، وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرُ اللَّهُمَّ لَا مَانِعَ لِمَا أَعْطَيْتَ، وَلَا مُعْطِيَ لِمَا مَنَعْتَ، وَلَا يَنْفَعُ ذَا الْجَدَّ مِنْكَ الْجَدُّ
"There is no god but Allah alone, with no partner. To Him belongs the dominion and to Him belongs all praise, and He is over all things competent. O Allah, none can withhold what You give, and none can give what You withhold. The might of the mighty cannot benefit them against You." [Agreed upon]
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ غَنْمٍ (رضي الله عنه) ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ: «مَنْ قَالَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْصَرِفَ وَيَثْنِيَ رِجْلَهُ مِنْ صَلَاةِ الْمَغْرِبِ وَالصُّبْحِ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَحْدَهُ، لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ ، بِيَدِهِ الْخَيْرُ، يُحْيِي وَيُمِيتُ، وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ، عَشْرَ مَرَّاتٍ كُتِبَ لَهُ بِكُلِّ وَاحِدَةٍ عَشْرُ حَسَنَاتٍ، وَمُحِيَتْ عَنْهُ عَشْرُ سَيِّئَاتٍ، وَرُفِعَ لَهُ عَشْرُ دَرَجَاتٍ، وَكَانَتْ لَهُ حِرْزًا مِنْ كُلِّ مَكْرُوْهِ، وَحِرْزًا مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ، وَلَمْ يَحِلُّ لِذَنْبٍ أَنْ يُدْرِكَهُ إِلَّا الشَّرْكَ، وَكَانَ مِنْ أَفْضَلِ النَّاسِ عَمَلًا ، إِلَّا رَجُلًا يَفْضُلُهُ: يَقُوْلُ أَفْضَلَ مِمَّا قَالَ». رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ.
وَرَوَى التَّرْمِذِيُّ نَحْوَهُ عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ له إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: «إِلَّا الشَّرْكَ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرُ صَلَاةَ الْمَغْرِبِ»، وَلَا بِيَدِهِ الْخَيْرُ»، وَقَالَ: هَذَا حَدِيْثُ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ غَرِيبٌ.
Abdur-Rahman ibn Ghanm reported from the Prophet (peace be upon him): "Whoever says before turning away and lifting his foot after Maghrib and Fajr prayers:
لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ، لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ ، بِيَدِهِ الْخَيْرُ، يُحْيِي وَيُمِيتُ، وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ
'There is no god but Allah alone, with no partner. To Him belongs the dominion and to Him belongs all praise. In His hand is all good, He gives life and causes death, and He is over all things competent'
… ten times, will have ten good deeds recorded for him, ten sins erased, and ten degrees raised for him. It will be a protection for him from every evil, a protection from the accursed Satan, and no sin will overtake him except shirk (associating partners with Allah). He will be among the best in deeds, except for a man who surpasses him by saying more than he said." [Narrated by Ahmad]
Al-Tirmidhi narrated a similar hadith from Abu Dharr up to the words: "except for shirk," without mentioning "the Maghrib prayer" or "بِيَدِهِ الْخَيْرُ" He said: "This is a Hasan Sahih Gharib hadith."
وَعَنْ كَعْبِ بْنِ عُجْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ : مُعَقِّبَاتُ لَا يَخِيبُ قَائِلُهُنَّ أَوْ فَاعِلُهُنَّ دُبُرَ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ مَكْتُوبَةٍ : ثَلَاثُ وَثَلَاثُوْنَ تَسْبِيحَةً، وَثَلَاثُ وَثَلَاثُوْنَ تَحْمِيدَةً وَأَرْبَعُ وَثَلَاثُوْنَ تَكْبِيرَةً. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمُ.
وَفِي شَرْحِ الْمُنْيَةِ»: وَقَوْلُ عَائِشَةَ (رضي الله عنها): مِقْدَارَ مَا يَقُوْلُ إِلخ» يُفِيدُ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ الْمُرَادُ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُوْلُ ذَلِكَ بِعَيْنِهِ، بَلْ كَانَ يَقْعُدُ زَمَانًا يُسَبِّحُ ذَلِكَ الْمِقْدَارَ وَنَحْوَ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْقَوْلِ تَقْرِيبًا؛ لِأَنَّ الْمِقْدَارَ الْمَذْكُورَ مِنْ حَيْثُ التَّقْرِيبِ وَالتَّحْمِيْنِ دُوْنَ التَّحْدِيدِ وَالتَّحْقِيقِ، فَلَا يُنَافِي مَا فِي هَذِهِ الْأَحَادِيثِ.
Ka'b bin 'Ujrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "There are some acts of remembrance after every obligatory prayer that will not cause the one who says or does them to be disappointed: thirty-three Tasbeeh (سبحان الله), thirty-three Tahmeed (الحمد لله), and thirty-four Takbeer (الله اكبر)." [Narrated by Muslim]
In the explanation of "Al-Munyah": The statement of 'Aisha, "The amount he used to say, etc." indicates that it is not meant that he (the Prophet) used to say exactly that, but rather he would sit for a while, glorifying Allah approximately that amount or something similar. This is because the mentioned amount is approximate and not precise, so it does not contradict what is in these hadiths.
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: إِنَّ فُقَرَاءَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ أَتَوْا رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالُوْا: قَدْ ذَهَبَ أَهْلُ الدُّثُوْرِ بِالدَّرَجَاتِ الْعُلَى وَالنَّعِيمِ الْمُقِيمِ، فَقَالَ: «وَمَا ذَاكَ؟» قَالُوا: يُصَلُّوْنَ كَمَا نُصَلِّي، وَيَصُوْمُوْنَ كَمَا نَصَوْمُ، وَيَتَصَدَّقُوْنَ وَلَا نَتَصَدَّقُ، وَيُعْتِقُوْنَ وَلَا نُعْتِقُ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «أَفَلَا أُعَلِّمُكُمْ شَيْئًا تُدْرِكُوْنَ بِهِ مَنْ سَبَقَكُمْ، وَتَسْبِقُوْنَ بِهِ مَنْ بَعْدَكُمْ، وَلَا يَكُوْنُ أَحَدٌ أَفْضَلَ مِنْكُمْ ، إِلَّا مَنْ صَنَعَ مِثْلَ مَا صَنَعْتُمْ؟» قَالُوا: بَلَى، يَا رَسُوْلَ اللهِ. قَالَ: تُسَبِّحُوْنَ وَتُكَبِّرُوْنَ وَتَحْمَدُوْنَ دُبُرَ كُلَّ صَلَاةٍ ثَلَاثًا وَثَلَاثِينَ مَرَّةً».
قَالَ أَبُو صَالِحٍ: فَرَجَعَ فُقَرَاءُ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ إِلَى رَسُوْلِ اللهِ ، فَقَالُوا: سَمِعَ إِخْوَانُنَا أَهْلُ الْأَمْوَالِ بِمَا فَعَلْنَا فَفَعَلُوْا مِثْلَهُ، فَقَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ : ذَلِكَ فَضْلُ اللهِ يُؤْتِيهِ مَنْ يَشَاءُ». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
وَلَيْسَ قَوْلُ أَبِي صَالِحٍ إِلَى آخِرِهِ إِلَّا عِنْدَ مُسْلِمٍ. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لِلْبُخَارِيِّ: تُسَبِّحُوْنَ فِي دُبُرِ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ عَشْرًا، وَتَحْمَدُوْنَ عَشْرًا، وَتُكَبِّرُوْنَ عَشْرًا بَدْلَ ثَلَاثًا وَثَلَاثِيْنَ».
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the poor among the Muhajireen came to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) and said: "The wealthy have taken the highest ranks and eternal bliss." He asked, "How is that?" They replied, "They pray as we pray, fast as we fast, but they give in charity, and we do not, and they free slaves, and we do not." The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, "Shall I not teach you something by which you can catch up with those who have preceded you and surpass those who come after you, and no one will be better than you except those who do the same as you?" They said, "Yes, O Messenger of Allah." He said, "Say سبحان الله, الحمد لله, and الله اكبر thirty-three times after every prayer."
Abu Salih said: The poor Muhajireen returned to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) and said, "Our wealthy brothers heard what we did and did the same." The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, "That is the favor of Allah, which He gives to whom He wills." [Agreed upon]
The statement of Abu Salih to the end is only found in Muslim. In a narration by Al-Bukhari: "Say سبحان الله ten times, الحمد لله ten times, and الله اكبر ten times after every prayer, instead of thirty-three."
وَعَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَنْ سَبَّحَ اللهَ فِي دُبُرِ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ ثَلَاثًا وَثَلَاثِينَ، وَحَمِدَ اللهَ ثَلَاثًا وَثَلَاثِينَ، وَكَبَّرَ اللهَ ثَلَاثًا وَثَلَاثِينَ، فَتْلِكَ تِسْعَةٌ وَتِسْعُوْنَ، وَقَالَ: تَمَامَ الْمِائَةِ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَحْدَهُ، لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ، وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ، غُفِرَتْ خَطَايَاهُ وَإِنْ كَانَتْ مِثْلَ زَبَدِ الْبَحْرِ». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Whoever glorifies Allah thirty-three times, praises Allah thirty-three times, and magnifies Allah thirty-three times after every prayer, that makes ninety-nine. And to complete one hundred, say:
لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَحْدَهُ، لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ، وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ
(There is no god but Allah alone, with no partner, to Him belongs the dominion and praise, and He is over all things competent). His sins will be forgiven, even if they are like the foam of the sea." [Narrated by Muslim]
وَعَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: أُمِرْنَا أَنْ نُسَبِّحَ فِي دُبُرِ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ ثَلَاثًا وَثَلَاثِينَ، وَنَحْمَدَ ثَلَاثًا وَثَلَاثِينَ، وَنُكَبِّرَ أَرْبَعًا وَثَلَاثِينَ، فَأُتِيَ رَجُلٌ فِي الْمَنَامِ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ، فَقِيلَ لَهُ: أَمَرَكُمْ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ تُسَبِّحُوْا فِي دُبُرِ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ كَذَا وَكَذَا؟ قَالَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ فِي مَنَامِهِ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: فَاجْعَلُوْهَا خَمْسًا وَعِشْرِينَ، وَاجْعَلُوْا فِيْهَا التَّهْلِيلَ خَمْسًا وَعِشْرِينَ. فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ غَدًا عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرَهُ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «فَافْعَلُوا». رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ والدارمي.
Zaid bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "We were commanded to say سبحان الله thirty-three times, الحمد لله thirty-three times, and الله اكبر thirty-four times after every prayer. Then a man from the Ansar saw a dream in which he was told, 'Did the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) command you to say سبحان الله, الحمد لله, and الله اكبر after every prayer?' The Ansari said in his dream, 'Yes.' He was told, 'Make it twenty-five and include the Tahlil (لا اله الا الله) twenty-five times.' When he woke up, he went to the Prophet (peace be upon him) and informed him. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, 'Do so.'" [Narrated by Ahmad, Al-Nasa’i, and Al-Darimi]
وَعَنْ سَعْدٍ (رضي الله عنه): أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُعَلِّمُ بَنِيْهِ هَؤُلَاءِ الكَلِمَاتِ وَيَقُولُ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ كَانَ يَتَعَوَّذُ بِهِنَّ دُبُرَ الصَّلَاةِ: «اللهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوْذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْجُبْنِ، وَأَعُوْذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْبُخْلِ، وَأَعُوْذُ بِكَ مِنْ أَرْذَلِ الْعُمُرِ، وَأَعُوْذُ بِكَ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ الدُّنْيَا وَعَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ». رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ.
Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that he used to teach his children these words and said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) used to seek refuge with these words after prayer:
اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوْذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْجُبْنِ، وَأَعُوْذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْبُخْلِ، وَأَعُوْذُ بِكَ مِنْ أَرْذَلِ الْعُمُرِ، وَأَعُوْذُ بِكَ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ الدُّنْيَا وَعَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ
'O Allah, I seek refuge with You from cowardice, miserliness, the burden of old age, the trials of this world, and the punishment of the grave.'" [Narrated by Al-Bukhari]
وَعَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: أَمَرَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ أَقْرَأَ بِالْمُعَوَّذَاتِ فِي دُبُرِ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ. رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي الدَّعَوَاتِ الْكَبِيرِ».
'Uqbah bin 'Amir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) commanded me to recite Al-Mu'awwidhat (Surah Al-Falaq and Surah An-Nas) after every prayer." [Narrated by Ahmad, Abu Dawud, Al-Nasa’i, and Al-Bayhaqi in "Ad-Da'awat Al-Kabir"]
وَعَنْ عَلِىّ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى أَعْوَادِ هَذَا الْمِنْبَرِ يَقُوْلُ: مَنْ قَرَأَ آيَةَ الْكُرْسِيِّ فِي دُبُرِ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ لَمْ يَمْنَعْهُ مِنْ دُخُولِ الْجَنَّةِ إِلَّا الْمَوْتُ، وَمَنْ قَرَأَهَا حِيْنَ يَأْخُذُ مَضْجَعَهُ آمَنَهُ اللهُ عَلَى دَارِهِ وَدَارِ جَارِهِ وَأَهْلِ دُوْيْرَاتٍ حَوْلَهُ. رَوَاهُ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي شُعَبِ الْإِيْمَانِ».
وَفِي شَرْحِ الْمُنْيَةِ»: وَمَا رُوِيَ مِنَ الْأَحَادِيثِ فِي الْأَذْكَارِ عَقِيْبَ الصَّلَاةِ فَلَا دَلَالَةَ فِيهَا عَلَى الْإِثْيَانِ بِهَا عَقِيْبَ الْفَرْضِ قَبْلَ السُّنَّةِ، بَلْ يُحْمَلُ عَلَى الْإِثْيَانِ بِهَا بَعْدَ السُّنَّةِ، وَلَا يُخْرِجُهَا تَخَلُّلُ السُّنَّةِ بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ الْفَرِيضَةِ عَنْ كَوْنِهَا بَعْدَهَا وَعَقِيْبَهَا ؛ لِأَنَّ السُّنَّةِ مِنْ لَوَاحِقِ الْفَرِيضَةِ وَتَوَابِعِهَا وَمُكَفِّلَاتِهَا ، فَلَمْ تَكُنْ أَجْنَبِيَّةً مِنْهَا، فَمَا يُفْعَلُ بَعْدَهَا يُطْلَقُ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ فَعَلَ بَعْدَ الْفَرِيضَةِ وَعَقِيْبَهَا. انْتَهَى
Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: "I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) on this pulpit saying: 'Whoever recites Ayat al-Kursi after every prayer, nothing will prevent him from entering Paradise except death. And whoever recites it when he goes to bed, Allah will protect him, his house, his neighbor's house, and the houses around him.'" [Narrated by Al-Bayhaqi in "Shu'ab al-Iman"]
In the explanation of "Al-Munyah": The hadiths about remembrance after prayer do not indicate that they must be done immediately after the obligatory prayer before the Sunnah prayer. Rather, they are to be done after the Sunnah prayer. The Sunnah prayer is connected to the obligatory prayer, so what is done after it is considered as being done after the obligatory prayer.
وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «لَأَنْ أَقْعُدَ مَعَ قَوْمٍ يَذْكُرُوْنَ اللهَ مِنْ صَلَاةِ الْغَدَاةِ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أُعْتِقَ أَرْبَعَةً مِنْ وُلْدِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، وَلَأَنْ أَقْعُدَ مَعَ قَوْمٍ يَذْكُرُوْنَ اللهَ مِنْ صَلَاةِ الْعَصْرِ إِلَى أَنْ تَغْرُبَ الشَّمْسُ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أُعْتِقَ أَرْبَعَةً». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ.
قَالَ ابْنُ الْمَلِكِ: إِطْلَاقُ الْأَرِقَاءِ وَالْعِتْقِ عَلَيْهِمْ عَلَى الْفَرْضِ وَالتَّقْدِيرِ انْتَهَى
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Sitting with a group of people who remember Allah from the Fajr prayer until sunrise is more beloved to me than freeing four slaves from the descendants of Isma'il. And sitting with a group of people who remember Allah from the Asr prayer until sunset is more beloved to me than freeing four slaves." [Narrated by Abu Dawud]
Ibn Al-Malik said: The freeing of slaves is obligatory and specific.
وَعَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَابِ (رضي الله عنه) أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ بَعَثَ بَعْثًا قِبَلَ نَجَدٍ، فَغَنِمُوْا غَنَائِمَ كَثِيرَةً وَأَسْرَعُوا الرَّجْعَةَ، فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنَّا لَمْ يَخْرُجُ : مَا رَأَيْنَا بَعْثًا أَسْرَعَ رَجْعَةً وَلَا أَفْضَلَ غَنِيمَةٌ مِنْ هَذَا الْبَعْثِ. فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: «أَلَا أَدُلُّكُمْ عَلَى قَوْمٍ أَفْضَلَ غَنِيمَةً وَأَفْضَلَ رَجْعَةً؟ قَوْمٌ شَهِدُوا صَلَاةَ الصُّبْحِ، ثُمَّ جَلَسُوْا يَذْكُرُوْنَ اللهَ حَتَّى طَلَعَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الشَّمْسُ، فَأُوْلَئِكَ أَسْرَعُ رَجْعَةً وَأَفْضَلُ غَنِيمَةً. رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ وَقَالَ: هَذَا حَدِيْثُ غَرِيبٌ.
Umar bin Al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet (peace be upon him) sent an expedition towards Najd, and they returned quickly with abundant spoils. A man among us who did not go out said, "We have never seen an expedition return faster or with greater spoils than this one." The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, "Shall I not guide you to people who have a faster return and greater spoils? They are those who attend the Fajr prayer in congregation, then sit remembering Allah until the sun rises. They are the ones with the fastest return and greatest spoils." [Narrated by Al-Tirmidhi, who said: This is a Gharib Hadith]
وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَنْ صَلَّى الْفَجْرَ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ، ثُمَّ قَعَدَ يَذْكُرُ اللهَ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ، كَانَتْ لَهُ كَأَجْرِ حَجَّةٍ وَعُمْرَةٍ». قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «تَامَّةٍ تَامَّةٍ تَامَّةٍ». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Whoever prays Fajr in congregation, then sits remembering Allah until the sun rises, and then prays two Rak'ahs, will have a reward like that of Hajj and Umrah." He said, "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, 'Complete, complete, complete.'" [Narrated by Al-Tirmidhi]