بَابُ فَضْلِ الْأَذَانِ وَأَفْضَلِيَّةِ الْإِمَامَةِ وَإِجَابَةِ الْمُؤَذِّنِThe Virtues of the Adhan, the Excellence of Leading Prayer, and Responding to the Mu'adhdhin
وَقَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: {وَمَنْ أَحْسَنُ قَوْلًا مِّمَّنْ دَعَا إِلَى اللهِ وَعَمِلَ صَالِحًا} (فصلت: ۳۳
And the saying of Allah, the Almighty: "Who is better in speech than one who calls to Allah, does righteous deeds, and says, 'I am of the Muslims'?" (Qur'an, Fussilat 41:33).
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «خَصْلَتَانِ مَعَلَّقَتَانِ فِي أَعْنَاقِ الْمُؤَذِّنِينَ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ: صِيَامُهُمْ وَصَلَاتُهُمْ. رَوَاهُ ابْنُ مَاجَه.
It is narrated from Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Two things are hung around the necks of the Mu'adhdhins of the Muslims: their fasting and their prayer." [Narrated by Ibn Majah]
وَعَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُوْلُ: «الْمُؤَذِّنُوْنَ أَطْوَلُ النَّاسِ أَعْنَاقًا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
It is narrated from Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) say: "The Mu'adhdhins will have the longest necks on the Day of Resurrection." [Narrated by Muslim]
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ : «إِذَا نُودِيَ لِلصَّلَاةِ أَدْبَرَ الشَّيْطَانُ، لَهُ ضُرَاطُ حَتَّى لَا يَسْمَعَ التَّأْذِينَ، فَإِذَا قُضِيَ النّدَاءُ أَقْبَلَ ، حَتَّى إِذَا ثُوبَ بِالصَّلَاةِ أَدْبَرَ، حَتَّى إِذَا قُضِيَ التَّقْوِيبُ أَقْبَلَ، حَتَّى يَخْطِرَ بَيْنَ الْمَرْءِ وَنَفْسِهِ، يَقُولُ: اذْكُرْ كَذَا، اذْكُرْ كَذَا، لِمَا لَمْ يَكُنْ يَذْكُرُ ، حَتَّى يَظَلَّ الرَّجُلُ لَا يَدْرِي كَمْ صَلَّى». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
It is narrated from Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "When the call to prayer is made, Satan flees, passing wind so as not to hear the Adhan. When the call is finished, he returns. When the Iqamah is called, he flees again, and when it is finished, he returns to whisper into the heart of a person, saying, 'Remember this, remember that,' about things the person had not remembered, until the person does not know how many Rak'ahs he has prayed." This is agreed upon (by Al-Bukhari and Muslim]
وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَقُولُ: «إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ إِذَا سَمِعَ النَّدَاءَ بِالصَّلَاةِ، ذَهَبَ حَتَّى يَكُوْنَ مَكَانَ الرَّوْحَاءِ». قَالَ الرَّاوِي: وَالرَّوْحَاءُ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ عَلَى سِتَّةٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ مِيْلًا. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
It is narrated from Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: I heard the Prophet (peace be upon him) say: "When Satan hears the call to prayer, he runs away until he reaches Rawha." The narrator said: Rawha is thirty-six miles from Madinah. [Narrated by Muslim]
وَعَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «لَا يَسْمَعُ مَدَى صَوْتِ الْمُؤَذِّنِ جِنُّ وَلَا إِنْسٌ وَلَا شَيْءٌ إِلَّا شَهِدَ لَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ». رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ.
It is narrated from Abu Sa'id Al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "No jinn, human, or anything else hears the voice of the Mu'adhdhin without testifying for him on the Day of Resurrection." [Narrated by Al-Bukhari]
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: الْمُؤَذِّنُ يُغْفَرُ لَهُ مَدَى صَوْتِهِ، وَيَشْهَدُ لَهُ كُلُّ رَطْبٍ وَيَابِسٍ وَشَاهِدُ الصَّلَاةِ، يُكْتَبُ لَهُ خَمْسُ وَعِشْرُوْنَ صَلَاةً، وَيُكَفِّرُ عَنْهُ مَا بَيْنَهُمَا. رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ وَابْنُ مَاجَه، وَرَوَى النَّسَائِيُّ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: كُلُّ رَطْبٍ وَيَابِسٍ». وَقَالَ: «وَلَهُ مِثْلُ أَجْرٍ مَنْ صَلَّى».
It is narrated from Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "The Mu'adhdhin is forgiven as far as his voice reaches, and every wet and dry thing testifies for him. The one who attends the prayer is written twenty-five prayers, and it expiates his sins between them." [Narrated by Ahmad, Abu Dawud, and Ibn Majah]
Al-Nasa’i narrated it up to the words: "Every wet and dry thing," and added: "He receives the reward of those who pray with him."
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَنْ أَذَّنَ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ مُحْتَسِبًا كُتِبَ لَهُ بَرَاءَةُ مِنَ النَّارِ». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ وَابْنُ مَاجَه.
It is narrated from Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Whoever calls the Adhan for seven years, seeking reward, will be granted freedom from the Fire." [Narrated by Al-Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud, and Ibn Majah]
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ : أَنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ: «مَنْ أَذَّنَ ثِنْتَيْ عَشَرَةَ سَنَةٌ وَجَبَتْ لَهُ الْجَنَّةُ، وَكُتِبَ لَهُ بِتَأْذِيْنِهِ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ سِتُوْنَ حَسَنَةً، وَلِكُلِّ إِقَامَةٍ ثَلَاثُوْنَ حَسَنَةً». رَوَاهُ ابْنُ ماجه.
It is narrated from Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Whoever calls the Adhan for twelve years, Paradise becomes obligatory for him, and he is written sixty good deeds for every Adhan and thirty good deeds for every Iqamah." [Narrated by Ibn Majah]
وَعَنْهُ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ : ثَلَاثَةٌ عَلَى كُثْبَانِ الْمِسْكِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَبْدُ أَدَّى حَقَّ اللهِ وَحَقَّ مَوْلَاهُ ، وَرَجُلٌ أَمَّ قَوْمًا وَهُمْ بِهِ رَاضُوْنَ، وَرَجُلٌ يُنَادِي بِالصَّلَوَاتِ الْخَمْسِ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ وَلَيْلَةٍ». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.
It is narrated from him (Ibn 'Umar) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Three people will be on hills of musk on the Day of Resurrection: a slave who fulfilled the rights of Allah and his master, a man who leads a people in prayer and they are pleased with him, and a man who calls to the five prayers every day and night." [Narrated by Al-Tirmidhi]
وَعَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ : أَنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ: «لَوْ يَعْلَمُ النَّاسُ مَا فِي التَّأْذِيْنِ لَتَضَارَبُوا عَلَيْهِ بِالسَّيْفِ». رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ.
It is narrated from Abu Sa'id Al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "If people knew what is in the Adhan, they would fight over it with swords." [Narrated by Ahmad]
وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ : كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يُغِيرُ إِذَا طَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ، وَكَانَ يَسْتَمِعُ الْأَذَانَ، فَإِنْ سَمِعَ أَذَانَا أَمْسَكَ وَإِلَّا أَغَارَ ، فَسَمِعَ رَجُلًا يَقُوْلُ: اللهُ أَكْبَرُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ : «عَلَى الْفِطْرَةِ»، ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «خَرَجْتَ مِنَ النَّارِ، فَنَظَرُوا إِلَيْهِ، فَإِذَا هُوَ رَاعِي مِعْزَى. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
It is narrated from Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: The Prophet (peace be upon him) would launch raids at dawn, and he would listen for the Adhan. If he heard the Adhan, he would hold back; otherwise, he would attack. Once, he heard a man saying, "اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ," and the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, "He is upon the Fitrah (natural disposition)." Then the man said, "أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ," and the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, "You have been saved from the Fire." They looked and found that he was a shepherd. [Narrated by Muslim]
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: لَمَّا قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَتْ الْأَنْصَارُ: مِنَّا أَمَيْرُ وَمِنْكُمْ أَمَيْرُ. فَأَتَاهُمْ عُمَرُ، فَقَالَ: أَلَسْتُمْ تَعْلَمُوْنَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَدْ أَمَرَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَنْ يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ؟ فَأَيُّكُمْ تَطِيبُ نَفْسُهُ أَنْ يَتَقَدَّمَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ؟ قَالُوا: نَعُوْذُ بِاللهِ أَنْ نَتَقَدَّمَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ. رَوَاهُ النَّسَائِيُّ.
قَالَ الْإِمَامُ ابْنُ الْهُمَامِ الْإِمَامَةُ أَفْضَلُ مِنَ الْأَذَانِ عِنْدَنَا۱؛ لِمُوَاظَبَتِهِ عَلَيْهَا، وَكَذَا الْخُلَفَاءُ الرَّاشِدُوْنَ بَعْدَهُ.
It is narrated from 'Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) that when the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) passed away, the Ansar said, "Let there be a leader from us and a leader from you." 'Umar came to them and said, "Do you not know that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) commanded Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer? Which of you would feel comfortable surpassing Abu Bakr?" They said, "We seek refuge in Allah from surpassing Abu Bakr." [Narrated by Al-Nasa’i]
Imam Ibn Al-Humam said: "In our view, leading prayer is superior to calling the Adhan 1 because of the Imam's consistent role in it, and the same applies to the rightly guided Caliphs after him."
The Shafi'i school uses the hadith of Abu Hurairah: "The Imam is a guarantor, and the Mu'adhdhin is a trustee. O Allah, guide the Imams and forgive the Mu'adhdhins," to argue that the Adhan is superior to leading prayer because the trustee is in a better position than the guarantor. However, this trustee only manages the timing, while the guarantor oversees the pillars of prayer and acts as an intermediary between the people and their Lord in supplication. How can the two be compared? The Imam is the successor of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), while the Mu'adhdhin is the successor of Bilal. Moreover, the supplication for guidance is higher than the supplication for forgiveness, as forgiveness implies prior sin, while guidance implies achieving one's goal. This is supported by the following hadiths, as mentioned in Al-Mirqat.
Notes / الحواشي
1 Explanation of the statement: "Leading prayer is superior to calling the Adhan in our view":
۱ قوله: الإمامة أفضل من الأذان عندنا إلخ واستدلال الشافعي بحديث أبي هريرة: «الإمام ضامن، والمؤذن مؤتمن، اللهم أرشد الأئمة واغفر للمؤذنين على فضل الأذان على الإمامة؛ لأن حال الأمين أفضل من حال الضمين. وفيه أن هذا الأمين يتكفل الوقت فحسب، وهذا الضامن يتكفل أركان الصلاة، ويتعهد للسفارة بينهم وبين ربهم في الدعاء فأين أحدهما من الآخر؟ وكيف لا، والإمام خليفة رسول الله ، والمؤذن خليفة بلال له. وإن الدعاء بالإرشاد أعلى من الدعاء بالمغفرة؛ لأن الغفران يستدعي سبق ذنب، والإرشاد يستدعي وصول البغية. ويؤيده الأحاديث الآتية بعده، كذا في «المرقاة».
وَعَنْ عَلِيَّ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «أَفْضَلُ النَّاسِ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ الْإِمَامُ، ثُمَّ الْمُؤَذِّنُ، ثُمَّ مَنْ عَلَى يَمِينِ الْإِمَامِ». رَوَاهُ الدَّيْلَمِيُّ فِي مُسْنَدِهِ.
It is narrated from 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "The best people in the mosque are the Imam, then the Mu'adhdhin, then the one to the right of the Imam." [Narrated by Ad-Daylami in his Musnad]
وَعَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ الْحُوَيْرِثِ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ لَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «صَلُّوْا كَمَا رَأَيْتُمُونِي أُصَلَّي، وَإِذَا حَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَلْيُؤَذِّنُ لَكُمْ أَحَدُكُمْ، ثُمَّ لْيَؤْمَكُمْ أَكْبَرُكُمْ». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
It is narrated from Malik ibn Al-Huwayrith (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said to us: "Pray as you have seen me pray, and when the time for prayer comes, let one of you call the Adhan, and let the eldest among you lead the prayer." [Agreed upon]
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «الرَّحْمَةُ تَنْزِلُ عَلَى الْإِمَامِ، ثُمَّ عَلَى مَنْ عَلَى يَمِينِهِ، الْأَوَّلَ فَالْأَوَّلَ». رَوَاهُ أَبُو الشَّيْخِ.
It is narrated from Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Mercy descends upon the Imam, then upon the one to his right, then the next, and so on." [Narrated by Abu Ash-Shaikh]
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «اجْعَلُوا أَئِمَّتَكُمْ خِيَارَكُمْ؛ فَإِنَّهُمْ وَقْدُكُمْ فِيْمَا بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَ رَبَّكُمْ. رَوَاهُ الدَّارَ قُطْنِيُّ وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي السُّنَنِ»، وَرَوَى الطَّبَرَانِيُّ نَحْوَهُ فِي الْكَبِيرِ».
It is narrated from Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Make your Imams the best among you, for they are your intermediaries between you and your Lord." [Narrated by Al-Daraqutni and Al-Bayhaqi in As-Sunan while At-Tabarani narrated something similar in Al-Kabir]
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُوْلِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَامَ بِلَالٌ يُنَادِي، فَلَمَّا سَكَتَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ : «مَنْ قَالَ مِثْلَ هَذَا يَقِيْنَا دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ». رَوَاهُ النَّسَائِيُّ.
It is narrated from Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: We were with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) when Bilal stood up to call the Adhan. When he finished, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Whoever says this with certainty will enter Paradise." [Narrated by Al-Nasa’i]
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ رَجُلٌ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِنَّ الْمُؤَذِّنِيْنَ يَفْضُلُوْنَنَا، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «قُلْ كَمَا يَقُوْلُوْنَ، فَإِذَا انْتَهَيْتَ فَسَلْ تُعْطَ». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ.
It is narrated from 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) that a man said: "O Messenger of Allah, the Mu'adhdhins are superior to us." The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Say as they say, and when you finish, ask, and you will be granted." [Narrated by Abu Dawud]
وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «إِنَّ الْمُؤَذِّنِينَ وَالْمُلَبِّيْنَ يَخْرُجُونَ مِنْ قُبُوْرِهِمْ يُؤَذِّنُ الْمُؤَذِّنُ وَيُلَبِّي الْمُلَبِّي». رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ فِي الْأَوْسَطِ».
It is narrated from Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "The Mu'adhdhins and those who say the Talbiyah will come out of their graves, the Mu'adhdhin calling the Adhan and the one saying the Talbiyah saying it." [Narrated by At-Tabarani in Al-Awsat]
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «إِذَا سَمِعْتُمُ الْمُؤَذِّنَ فَقُوْلُوْا۱ مِثْلَ مَا يَقُوْلُ، ثُمَّ صَلُّوْا عَلَيَّ؛ فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ صَلَّى عَلَيَّ صَلَاةً صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ بِهَا عَشْرًا، ثُمَّ سَلُوا اللهَ لِي الْوَسِيلَةَ؛ فَإِنَّهَا مَنْزِلَةٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ، لَا تَنْبَغِي إِلَّا لِعَبْدِ مِنْ عِبَادِ اللهِ، وَأَرْجُوْ أَنْ أَكُونَ أَنَا هُوَ، فَمَنْ سَأَلَ لِي الْوَسِيلَةَ حَلَّتْ عَلَيْهِ الشَّفَاعَةُ». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
It is narrated from 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr ibn Al-'As (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "When you hear the Mu'adhdhin, say what he says, then send blessings upon me, for whoever sends blessings upon me once, Allah will send blessings upon him ten times. Then ask Allah to grant me Al-Wasilah, for it is a rank in Paradise that is fitting only for one of Allah's servants, and I hope to be that one. Whoever asks for Al-Wasilah for me, intercession will be granted to him." [Narrated by Muslim]
Notes / الحواشي
1 Explanation of the statement: "Say what he says": This means responding to the Adhan is obligatory. However, Al-Hulwani said it is recommended. The obligatory part is responding promptly so as not to miss the congregational prayer, which would be sinful. This is mentioned in Ad-Durr Al-Mukhtar. There is further elaboration on this matter in Rad Al-Muhtar.
۱ قوله: فقولوا مثل ما يقول: يعني ويُجيب وجوبا، وقال الحلواني: ندبًا، والواجب الإجابة بالقدم، أي لثلا تفوته الجماعة فيأثم، قاله في الدر المختار»، وفي المقام تفصيل آخر ، مَوْضِعُ بَسْطِهِ هو رد المحتار».
وَعَنْ عُمَرَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «إِذَا قَالَ الْمُؤَذِّنُ: اللهُ أَكْبَرُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ، فَقَالَ أَحَدُكُمُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ، قَالَ: أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ ، قَالَ: أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: حَيَّ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ، قَالَ : لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللهِ ۱، ثُمَّ قَالَ: حَيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ، قَالَ: لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: اللهُ أَكْبَرُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ، قَالَ: اللهُ أَكْبَرُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ ، قَالَ: لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ مِنْ قَلْبِهِ، دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
It is narrated from 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "When the Mu'adhdhin says, اللهُ أَكْبَرُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ, and one of you says, اللهُ أَكْبَرُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ, then when he says, أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ, say, أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ, then when he says, أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ , say, أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ ,then when he says, حَيَّ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ , say, لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللهِ , 1 then when he says, حَيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ ,say, لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللهِ ,then when he says, اللهُ أَكْبَرُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ ,say, اللهُ أَكْبَرُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ ,then when he says, لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ, say, لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ from the heart, he will enter Paradise." [Narrated by Muslim]
Notes / الحواشي
1 Explanation of the statement: "Say, لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللهِ ": This means saying, "There is no power nor strength except with Allah." In 'Umdat Al-Mufti, it is added: "What Allah wills, happens." In Al-Kafi, one is given the choice between the two. In Al-Muhit, it is specified to say "La hawla wa la quwwata illa billah" in place of "Hayya 'ala as-Salah" and "Ma sha'a Allah" in place of "Hayya 'ala al-Falah." The preferred opinion is the first one, as mentioned in Rad Al-Muhtar.
۱ قوله : قال لا حول ولا قوة إلا بالله : أي يقول: لا حول ولا قوة إلا بالله، وزاد في عمدة المفتي»: «ما شاء الله كان»، وخير بينهما في «الكافي»، وفصل في المحيط» بأن يأتي بالحوقلة مكان الصلاة»، وبالمشيئة مكان الفلاح». (إسماعيل) والمختار الأول (نوح آفندي)، كذا في رد المحتار».
وَعَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ قَالَ: إِنِّي لَعِنْدَ مُعَاوِيَةَ إِذْ أَذَّنَ مُؤَذِّنُهُ، فَقَالَ مُعَاوِيَةُ كَمَا قَالَ مُؤَذِّنُهُ، حَتَّى إِذَا قَالَ: حَيَّ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ، قَالَ: لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللهِ، فَلَمَّا قَالَ: حَيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ، قَالَ: لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللهِ الْعَلِيِّ العَظِيمِ، وَقَالَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ مَا قَالَ الْمُؤَذِّنُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ ذَلِكَ. رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ.
It is narrated from 'Alqamah ibn Abi Waqqas that he said: I was with Mu'awiyah when his Mu'adhdhin called the Adhan. Mu'awiyah repeated what the Mu'adhdhin said until he reached "حَيَّ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ", at which point he said, "لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ" When the Mu'adhdhin said, " حَيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ", Mu'awiyah said, "لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللهِ الْعَلِيِّ العَظِيمِ" After that, he repeated what the Mu'adhdhin said and then said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) say that." [Narrated by Ahmad]
وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ (رضي الله عنها) قَالَتْ: كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِذَا سَمِعَ الْمُؤَذِّنَ يَتَشَهَّدُ قَالَ: «وَأَنَا وَأَنَا». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ.
It is narrated from 'Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that she said: When the Prophet (peace be upon him) heard the Mu'adhdhin saying the Shahadah, he would say, "And I, and I." [Narrated by Abu Dawud]
وَعَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ (رضي الله عنه) أَوْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِ رَسُوْلِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ: «إِنَّ بِلَالًا أَخَذَ فِي الْإِقَامَةِ، فَلَمَّا أَنْ قَالَ: قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ : أَقَامَهَا اللهُ وَأَدَامَهَا»، وَقَالَ فِي سَائِرِ الْإِقَامَةِ كَنَحْوِ حَدِيْثِ عُمَرَ فِي الْأَذَانِ. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ.
It is narrated from Abu Umamah or one of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) that he said: "When Bilal began the Iqamah and said, 'قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ' the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, 'أَقَامَهَا اللَّهُ وَأَدَامَهَا'" He responded to the rest of the Iqamah in a manner similar to 'Umar's response to the Adhan. [Narrated by Abu Dawud]
وَعَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَنْ قَالَ حِيْنَ يَسْمَعُ الْمُؤَذِّنَ: أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ، وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُوْلُهُ، رَضِيْتُ بِاللهِ رَبًّا وَبِمُحَمَّدٍ رَسُوْلًا، وَبِالْإِسْلَامِ دِينًا، غُفِرَ لَهُ ذَنْبُهُ». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
It is narrated from Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Whoever says when he hears the Mu'adhdhin:
أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ، وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُوْلُهُ، رَضِيْتُ بِاللهِ رَبًّا وَبِمُحَمَّدٍ رَسُوْلًا، وَبِالْإِسْلَامِ دِينًا,
his sins will be forgiven." [Narrated by Muslim]
وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «لَا يُرَدُّ الدُّعَاءُ بَيْنَ الْأَذَانِ وَالْإِقَامَةِ». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالتَّرْمِذِيُّ.
It is narrated from Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Supplication between the Adhan and Iqamah is not rejected." [Narrated by Abu Dawud and Al-Tirmidhi]
وَعَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: ثِنْتَانِ لَا تُرَدَّانِ أَوْ قَلَّمَا تُرَدَّانِ: الدُّعَاءُ عِنْدَ النَّدَاءِ، وَعِنْدَ الْبَأْسِ حِيْنَ يُلْحِمُ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: «وَتَحْتَ الْمَطَرِ». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالدَّارِمِيُّ، إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَذْكُرُ: وَتَحْتَ الْمَطَرِ».
It is narrated from Sahl ibn Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Two supplications are not rejected, or are rarely rejected: supplication at the time of the call to prayer and supplication during the chaos of battle when the fighting intensifies." In another narration, it adds: "And during rainfall." [Narrated by Abu Dawud and Al-Darimi, except that he did not mention "during rainfall"]
وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَنْ قَالَ حِيْنَ يَسْمَعُ النَّدَاءَ اللهُمَّ رَبَّ هَذِهِ الدَّعْوَةِ التَّامَّةِ، وَالصَّلَاةِ الْقَائِمَةِ، آتِ مُحَمَّدًا الْوَسِيلَةَ وَالْفَضِيلَةَ، وَابْعَثْهُ مَقَامًا مَحْمُوْدًا الَّذِي وَعَدْتَهُ، حَلَّتْ لَهُ شَفَاعَتِي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ». رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ.
It is narrated from Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Whoever says upon hearing the Adhan:
اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّ هَذِهِ الدَّعْوَةِ التَّامَّةِ، وَالصَّلَاةِ الْقَائِمَةِ، آتِ مُحَمَّدًا الْوَسِيلَةَ وَالْفَضِيلَةَ، وَابْعَثْهُ مَقَامًا مَحْمُوْدًا الَّذِي وَعَدْتَهُ
(O Allah, Lord of this perfect call and the established prayer, grant Muhammad the Wasilah and the virtue, and raise him to the praiseworthy station that You have promised him), my intercession will be granted to him on the Day of Resurrection." [Narrated by Al-Bukhari]
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: كُنَّا نُؤْمَرُّ بِالدُّعَاءِ عِنْدَ أَذَانِ الْمَغْرِبِ. رَوَاهُ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي الدَّعَوَاتِ الْكَبِيرِ».
It is narrated from Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: "We were commanded to make supplication at the time of the Maghrib Adhan." [Narrated by Al-Bayhaqi in Ad-Da'awat Al-Kabir]
وَعَنْ أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ (رضي الله عنها) قَالَتْ: عَلَّمَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ أَقُوْلَ عِنْدَ أَذَانِ الْمَغْرِبِ اللهُمَّ هَذَا إِقْبَالُ لَيْلِكَ وَإِدْبَارُ نَهَارِكَ وَأَصْوَاتُ دُعَاتِكَ فَاغْفِرْ لِي. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي الدَّعَوَاتِ الْكَبِيرِ».
It is narrated from Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) that she said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) taught me to say at the time of the Maghrib Adhan:
اللَّهُمَّ هَذَا إِقْبَالُ لَيْلِكَ وَإِدْبَارُ نَهَارِكَ وَأَصْوَاتُ دُعَاتِكَ فَاغْفِرْ لِي
(O Allah, this is the arrival of Your night and the departure of Your day, and the voices of Your callers, so forgive me). [Narrated by Abu Dawud and Al-Bayhaqi in Ad-Da'awat Al-Kabir]
وَعَنِ ابْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُغَفَّلٍ الْمُزَنِي الله قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: إِنَّ عِنْدَ كُلِّ أَذَانَيْنِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ مَا خَلَا الْمَغْرِبَ . ١ رَوَاهُ الدَّارَ قُطْنِيُّ، وَقَالَ: وَهُوَ الْمَحْفُوْظُ.
وَرَوَى الْبَزَّارُ عَنْ بُرَيْدَةَ الله نَحْوَهُ. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ : صَلَاةَ إِلَّا بَدَلَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ مَا خَلَا».
It is narrated from Ibn Buraidah, from 'Abdullah ibn Mughaffal Al-Muzani (may Allah be pleased with him), that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "There are two Rak'ahs to be prayed between every two Adhans, except for Maghrib." 1 [Narrated by Al-Daraqutni, who said: "This is the Mahfooz narration."]
Al-Bazzar also narrated something similar from Buraidah (may Allah be pleased with him). In another narration, it says: "Prayer except for two Rak'ahs, except for Maghrib."
Notes / الحواشي
1 Explanation of the statement: "Except for Maghrib": The summary is that it is recommended to pray between the Adhan and Iqamah. However, Abu Hanifah disliked voluntary prayers before Maghrib due to this hadith, as mentioned in Al-Mirqat.
۱ قوله: ما خلا المغرب والحاصل أنه يُسَنُّ أن يصلي بين الأذان والإقامة، وكره أبو حنيفة النفل قبل المغرب؛ لهذا الحديث، كذا في «المرقاة».
وَعَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَاصِ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، اجْعَلْنِي إِمَامَ قَوْمِي، قَالَ: «أَنْتَ إِمَامُهُمْ، وَاقْتَدِ بِأَضْعَفِهِمْ، وَاتَّخِذْ مُؤَذِّنًا لَا يَأْخُذُ عَلَى أَذَانِهِ أَجْرًا». رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ.
It is narrated from 'Uthman ibn Abi Al-'As (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: I said, "O Messenger of Allah, make me the Imam of my people." He said: "You are their Imam. Follow the weakest among them, and appoint a Mu'adhdhin who does not take payment for his Adhan." [Narrated by Ahmad, Abu Dawud, and Al-Nasa’i]
وَعَنْ أَبِي مَحْذُورَةَ (رضي الله عنه) أَنَّهُ قَالَ: أَلْقَى عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْأَذَانَ فَأَذَنْتُ، ثُمَّ أَعْطَانِي۱ حِيْنَ قَضَيْتُ التَّأْذِينَ صُرَّةً فِيْهَا شَيْءٌ مِنْ فِضَّةٍ. رَوَاهُ ابْنُ حِبَّانَ، وَعَقَدَ تَرْجَمَةً عَلَى الرُّخْصَةِ فِي ذَلِكَ، وَرَوَاهُ النَّسَائِيُّ أَيْضًا.
It is narrated from Abu Mahdhurah (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) taught me the Adhan, and I called it. Then, when I finished, he gave me 1 a pouch containing some silver. [Narrated by Ibn Hibban, who titled a chapter on the permissibility of this, and it was also narrated by Al-Nasa’i]
Notes / الحواشي
1 Explanation of the statement: "He gave me...": Scholars have differed regarding taking payment for the Adhan, Iqamah, and leading prayer. Imam Shafi'i disliked it, while Abu Hanifah and his companions prohibited it, citing the hadith of 'Uthman ibn Abi Al-'As: "Appoint a Mu'adhdhin who does not take payment for his Adhan." This was the opinion of the early scholars. However, later scholars permitted it, using this hadith as evidence. The detailed discussion is found in Bazl Al-Majhud, and it should be referred to.
۱ قوله : ثم أعطاني إلخ : اختلف العلماء في أخذ الأجر على الأذان والإقامة والإمامة، فكرهه الشافعي ، ومنعه أبو حنيفة له وأصحابه واستدلوا بحديث عثمان بن أبي العاص: واتخذ مؤذنا لا يأخذ على أذانه أجرًا، وهذا قول المتقدمين. وأما المتأخرون منهم فأفتوا بجوازه، واستدلوا بهذا الحديث والتفصيل مذكور في بذل المجهود»، فليراجع.
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَمْرِو (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ : الْمُؤَذِّنُ الْمُحْتَسِبُ كَالشَّهِيدِ الْمُتَشَحَّطِ فِي دَمِهِ، وَإِذَا مَاتَ لَمْ يُدَوَّدْ فِي قَبْرِهِ». رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ فِي الْكَبِيرِ».
It is narrated from Ibn 'Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "The Mu'adhdhin who seeks reward is like a martyr drenched in his blood, and when he dies, his body does not decay in the grave." [Narrated by At-Tabarani in Al-Kabir]
وَعَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: يَعْجَبُ رَبُّكَ مِنْ رَاعِي غَنَمٍ فِي رَأْسِ شَفِيَّةِ الْجَبَلِ، يُؤَذِّنُ بِالصَّلَاةِ وَيُصَلِّي، فَيَقُولُ اللهُ عَزَّوَجَلَّ: انْظُرُوا إِلَى عَبْدِي هَذَا، يُؤَذِّنُ وَيُقِيمُ الصَّلَاةَ، يَخَافُ مِنِّي، قَدْ غَفَرْتُ لِعَبْدِي وَأَدْخَلْتُهُ الْجَنَّةَ». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ.
It is narrated from 'Uqbah ibn 'Amir (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Your Lord is amazed by a shepherd on a mountain peak who calls the Adhan and prays. Allah, the Almighty, says: 'Look at this servant of Mine; he calls the Adhan and establishes the prayer out of fear of Me. I have forgiven My servant and admitted him to Paradise.'" [Narrated by Abu Dawud and Al-Nasa’i]
وَعَنْ سَلْمَانَ الْفَارِسِيِّ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ : «إِذَا كَانَ الرَّجُلُ بِأَرْضِ فَلَاةٍ، فَحَانَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَلْيَتَوَضَّأُ، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ مَاءً فَلْيَتَيَمَّمْ، فَإِنْ أَقَامَ صَلَّى مَعَهُ مَلَكَانِ، وَإِنْ أَذَّنَ وَأَقَامَ صَلَّى خَلْفَهُ مِنْ جُنُودِ اللهِ مَا لَا يُرَى طَرْفَاهُ. رَوَاهُ عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، هَذَا سَنَدٌ رِجَالُهُ رِجَالُ الصِّحَاحِ.
It is narrated from Salman Al-Farisi (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "If a man is in a deserted land and the time for prayer comes, let him perform ablution. If he does not find water, let him perform Tayammum (dry ablution). If he calls the Iqamah, two angels will pray with him. If he calls the Adhan and Iqamah, an army of Allah, whose ends cannot be seen, will pray behind him." [Narrated by 'Abdur-Razzaq, and its chain consists of reliable narrators from the authentic collections]