بَابُ تَأْخِيرِ الصَّلَوَاتِ وَتَعْجِيْلِهَاDelaying and Advancing Prayers
وَعَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ صَلَّى بِنَا أَمِيرُنَا الْجُمُعَةَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِأَنَسٍ : كَيْفَ كَانَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ يُصَلِّي الظُّهْرَ، قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا اشْتَدَّ الْبَرْدُ بَكَرَ بِالصَّلَاةِ، وَإِذَا اشْتَدَّ الْحَرُّ أَبْرَدَ بِالصَّلَاةِ رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ.
Narrated by Khalid bin Dinar: Our leader led us in Friday prayer, then he asked Anas: "How did the Messenger of Allah ﷺ pray Zuhr?" He said: "When it was extremely cold, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would hasten the prayer, and when it was extremely hot, he would delay it." [Narrated by Bukhari]
وَعَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ وَأَبِي مَسْعُودٍ : أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ يُعَجِّلُهَا فِي الشَّتَاءِ وَيُؤَخِّرُهَا فِي الصَّيْفِ. رَوَاهُ الطَّحَاوِيُّ.
Narrated by Anas bin Malik and Abu Mas'ud: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ would hasten the prayer in winter and delay it in summer. [Narrated by At-Tahawi]
وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا كَانَ الْخُرُّ أَبْرَدَ بِالصَّلَاةِ، وَإِذَا كَانَ الْبَرْدُ عَجَّلَ. رَوَاهُ النَّسَائِيُّ، وَرِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتُ مِنْ رِجَالِ الصَّحِيحِ.
وَقَالَ عَلِيُّ الْقَارِي: بِهَذَا يُجْمَعُ بَيْنَ الْأَخْبَارِ الْمُتَعَارِضَةِ الظَّاهِرِ فِي الظُّهْرِ، أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُعَجِّلُهَا وَأَنَّهُ كَانَ يُؤَخِّرُهَا، وَأَمَّا مَا وَقَعَ فِيْهَا مِنَ التَّعْجِيْلِ حَتَّى عِنْدَ شِدَّةِ الْحَرِّ، فَقَالَ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ : إِنَّهُ مَنْسُوْخُ.
Narrated by Anas: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ would hasten the prayer when it was very cold, and delay it when it was very hot. [Narrated by Al-Nasa’i, and its narrators are trustworthy from the Sahih]
Ali Al-Qari said: This is how the conflicting narrations regarding Zuhr are reconciled: that he would hasten it and that he would delay it. As for the narration that speaks of hastening it even during extreme heat, Al-Bayhaqi said that it was abrogated.
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «إِذَا اشْتَدَّ الْحَرُّ فَأَبْرِدُوا بِالصَّلَاةِ - وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لِلْبُخَارِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ : بِالظُّهْرِ - فَإِنَّ شِدَّةَ الْحَرِّ مِنْ فَيْحِ جَهَنَّمَ وَاشْتَكَتِ النَّارُ إِلَى رَبِّهَا، فَقَالَتْ: رَبِّ، أَكَلَ بَعْضِي بَعْضًا، فَأَذِنَ لَهَا بِنَفَسَيْنِ: نَفَسٌ فِي الشَّتَاءِ وَنَفَسٌ فِي الصَّيْفِ، أَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُوْنَ مِنَ الْحَرِّ وَأَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُوْنَ مِنَ الزَّمْهَرِيرِ». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لِلْبُخَارِيِّ: «فَأَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُوْنَ مِنَ الْحَرِّ فَمِنْ سَمُوْمِهَا، وَأَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُوْنَ مِنَ الْبَرْدِ فَمِنْ زَمْهَرِيْرِهَا».
Narrated by Abu Huraira: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "When it is intensely hot, then delay the prayer – and in another narration from Bukhari, from Abu Sa'id: ‘delay Zuhr prayer.’ The intense heat is from the scorching breath of Hell. The Fire complained to its Lord and said: 'O my Lord, some of me have consumed the rest of me.' So, He allowed it two breaths: one in winter and one in summer. The most intense heat that you experience is from it, and the most intense cold is from its freezing cold." [Agreed upon] And in a narration from Bukhari: "The most intense heat you experience is from its poisonous breath, and the most intense cold is from its freezing cold."
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ : أَنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ: «إِذَا كَانَ الْيَوْمُ الْحَارُّ فَأَبْرِدُوا بِالصَّلَاةِ؛ فَإِنَّ شِدَّةَ الْحَرِّ مِنْ فَيْحِ جَهَنَّمَ. رَوَاهُ الطَّحَاوِيُّ.
Narrated by Abu Huraira: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "When it is a hot day, delay the prayer, for the intense heat is from the scorching breath of Hell." [Narrated by At-Tahawi]
وَعَنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: صَلَّى بِنَا رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ صَلَاةَ الظُّهْرِ بِالْهَجِيْرِ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: «إِنَّ شِدَّةَ الْحَرِّ مِنْ فَيْحِ جَهَنَّمَ، فَأَبْرِدُوْا بِالصَّلَاةِ. رَوَاهُ الطَّحَاوِيُّ.
وَقَالَ: فَأَخْبَرَ الْمُغِيرَةُ فِي حَدِيْثِهِ هَذَا أَنَّ أَمْرَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ بِالْإِبْرَادِ بِالظُّهْرِ بَعْدَ أَنْ كَانَ يُصَلَّيْهَا فِي الْحَرِّ فَثَبَتَ بِذَلِكَ نَسْخُ تَعْجِيْلِ الظُّهْرِ فِي شِدَّةِ الْحَرِّ، وَوَجَبَ اسْتِعْمَالُ الْإِبْرَادِ فِي شِدَّةِ الْحَرَّ.
Narrated by Al-Mughira bin Shu'ba: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ led us in Zuhr prayer at midday, then said: "The intense heat is from the scorching breath of Hell, so delay the prayer." [Narrated by At-Tahawi]
Al-Mughira mentioned in this narration that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ instructed to delay Zuhr prayer after previously praying it during the heat, which establishes the abrogation of hastening Zuhr during intense heat, and it is now necessary to delay it in such heat.
وَعَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: كُنَّا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي سَفَرٍ، فَأَرَادَ الْمُؤَذِّنُ أَنْ يُؤَذِّنَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: «أَبْرِدْ» ثُمَّ أَرَادَ أَنْ يُؤَذِّنَ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: «أَبْرِدْ»، ثُمَّ أَرَادَ أَنْ يُؤَذِّنَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: «أَبْرِدُ»، حَتَّى سَاوَى الظِلُّ التَّلُوْلَ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ : إِنَّ شِدَّةَ الْحَرِّ مِنْ فَيْحِ جَهَنَّمَ. رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ.
Narrated by Abu Dharr: We were traveling with the Prophet ﷺ, and when the muezzin was about to call the adhan, the Prophet ﷺ said to him: "Delay." Then the muezzin attempted to call the adhan again, and the Prophet ﷺ said: "Delay," and again he said: "Delay," until the shadow was equal to the hilltops. The Prophet ﷺ then said: "Indeed, the intense heat is from the scorching breath of Hell." [Narrated by Bukhari]
وَعَنْهُ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي مَنْزِلٍ، فَأَذَّنَ بِلَالُ، فَقَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَهُ يَا بِلَالُ»، ثُمَّ أَرَادَ أَنْ يُؤَذِّنَ ، فَقَالَ: «مَهُ يَا بِلَالُ»، ثُمَّ أَرَادَ أَنْ يُؤَذِّنَ، فَقَالَ: مَهُ يَا بِلَالُ، حَتَّى رَأَيْنَا فِي التَّلُوْلِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ : «إِنَّ شِدَّةَ الْحَرِّ مِنْ فَيْحِ جَهَنَّمَ، فَأَبْرِدُوا بِالصَّلَاةِ إِذَا اشْتَدَّ الْخُرُّ». رَوَاهُ الطَّحَاوِيُّ، وَرَوَى التَّرْمِذِيُّ نَحْوَهُ.
وَقَالَ: مَعْنَى مَنْ ذَهَبَ إِلَى تَأْخِيرِ الظُّهْرِ فِي شِدَّةِ الحَرِّ هُوَ أَوْلَى وَأَشْبَهُ بِالاتِّبَاعِ. وَأَمَّا مَا ذَهَبَ إِلَيْهِ الشَّافِعِيُّ أَنَّ الرُّخْصَةَ لِمَنْ يَنْتَابُ مِنَ الْبُعْدِ وَلِلْمَشَقَّةِ عَلَى النَّاسِ، فَإِنَّ فِي حَدِيْثِ أَبِي ذَرٍّ مَا يَدُلُّ عَلَى خِلَافِ مَا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ. فَلَوْ كَانَ الْأَمْرُ عَلَى مَا ذَهَبَ إِلَيْهِ الشَّافِعِيُّ، لَمْ يَكُنْ لِلْإِبْرَادِ فِي ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتِ مَعْنَى لِاجْتِمَاعِهِمْ فِي السَّفَرِ، وَكَانُوْا لَا يَحْتَاجُوْنَ أَنْ يَنْتَابُوْا مِنَ الْبُعْدِ.
Narrated by Abu Dharr: We were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ at a place, and Bilal called the adhan. The Prophet ﷺ said: "Wait, O Bilal," and then when he wanted to call again, he said: "Wait, O Bilal," and then when he tried to call again, he said: "Wait, O Bilal," until we saw the sun. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then said: "The intense heat is from the scorching breath of Hell. So, delay the prayer when the heat intensifies." [Narrated by At-Tahawi, and a similar narration is narrated by Tirmidhi]
He said: The interpretation of the delay of Zuhr prayer during intense heat is more in line with following the Sunnah. As for the view of Imam Shafi'i, which suggests the concession is for those who travel long distances or for people who face difficulty, the narration from Abu Dharr contradicts what Imam Shafi'i said. If it were as Imam Shafi'i said, there would have been no reason for delaying prayer during that time, especially when they were all in the journey and did not need to travel from a distance.
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ بْنِ نَافِعٍ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ مَسْجِدَ الْكُوفَةِ، فَأَذَّنَ مُؤَذِّنُ بِالْعَصْرِ، وَشَيْخُ جَالِسٌ فَلَامَهُ، وَقَالَ: إِنَّ أَبِي أَخْبَرَنِي أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ يَأْمُرُ بِتَأْخِيْرِ هَذِهِ الصَّلَاةِ.
فَسَأَلْتُ عَنْهُ، فَقَالُوا: هَذَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ رَوَاهُ الدَّارَ قُطْنِيُّ وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ.
Narrated by Abdul Wahid bin Nafi': I entered the mosque of Kufa, and the muezzin called the adhan for Asr. An elder sitting there reproached him, saying: "My father told me that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to command the delay of this prayer." I asked about it, and they said: "This is Abdullah bin Rafi' bin Khadij." [Narrated by Darqutni and Bayhaqi]
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ شَيْبَانَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ ، قَالَ: قَدِمْنَا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ، فَكَانَ يُؤَخِّرُ الْعَصْرَ مَا دَامَتِ الشَّمْسُ بَيْضَاءَ نَقِيَّةً. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَابْنُ مَاجَه.
Narrated by Abdul Rahman bin Ali bin Shayban, from his father, from his grandfather: We arrived in Madinah, and the Prophet ﷺ used to delay Asr prayer as long as the sun remained white and clear. [Narrated by Abu Dawood and Ibn Majah]
وَعَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ (رضي الله عنها) قَالَتْ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَشَدَّ تَعْجِيْلًا لِلظَّهْرِ مِنْكُمْ، وَأَنْتُمْ أَشَدُّ تَعْجِيْلًا لِلْعَصْرِ مِنْهُ. رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَالتَّرْمِذِيُّ.
وَإِسْنَادُهُ صَحِيحُ، وَرِجَالُهُ عَلَى شَرْطِ الصَّحِيحِ.
Narrated by Umm Salamah: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to hasten Zuhr prayer more than you do, and you hasten Asr prayer more than he did. [Narrated by Ahmad and Tirmidhi]
Its chain of narration is authentic, and its narrators meet the criteria of authenticity.
وَعَنْ زِيَادِ بْن عَبْدِ اللهِ النَّخَعِيِّ قَالَ: كُنَّا جُلُوسًا مَعَ عَلَيَّ الله فِي الْمَسْجِدِ الأَعْظَمِ، فَجَاءَ الْمُؤَذِّنُ، فَقَالَ: الصَّلَاةُ، فَقَالَ: اجْلِسُ، فَجَلَسَ ثُمَّ عَادَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ ذَلِكَ، فَقَالَ عَلَيَّ: هَذَا الْكَلْبُ يُعَلِّمُنَا الصَّلَاةَ. فَقَامَ عَلِيُّ ، فَصَلَّى بِنَا الْعَصْرَ، ثُمَّ انْصَرَفْنَا، فَرَجَعْنَا إِلَى الْمَكَانِ الَّذِي كُنَّا فِيْهِ جُلُوسًا، فَجَتَوْنَا لِلرَّكْبِ؛ لِنُزُولِ الشَّمْسِ لِلْغُرُوْبِ نَتَرَاءَاهَا. رَوَاهُ
الْحَاكِمُ، وَقَالَ: صَحِيحُ الْإِسْنَادِ، وَلَمْ يُخَرِّجَاهُ، وَرَوَى الدَّارَ قُطْنِيُّ مِثْلَهُ.
Narrated by Ziad bin Abdullah Al-Nakha'i: We were sitting with Ali bin Abi Talib in the Grand Mosque when the muezzin called the prayer. Ali told him to sit down. He sat down, and then the muezzin returned and called again. Ali said: "This dog is teaching us how to pray." Ali then got up and led the Asr prayer. After we finished, we returned to the place where we had been sitting, and we looked toward the horizon waiting for sunset. [Narrated by Hakim, who said: The chain of narration is authentic, though it was not [Narrated by Bukhari or Muslim, and Darqutni narrated something similar.
وَعَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ قَالَ: كُنَّا مَعَ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ فِي جَنَازَةٍ، فَلَمْ يُصَلِّ الْعَصْرَ وَسَكَتَ، حَتَّى رَاجَعْنَاهُ مِرَارًا فَلَمْ يُصَلَّ الْعَصْرَ، حَتَّى رَأَيْنَا الشَّمْسَ عَلَى رَأْسِ أَطْوَلِ جَبَلٍ بِالْمَدِينَةِ. رَوَاهُ الطَّحَاوِيُّ.
Narrated by Ikrimah: We were with Abu Huraira at a funeral, and he did not pray the Asr prayer and remained silent. We asked him repeatedly, but he did not pray it until we saw the sun at the top of the tallest mountain in Madinah. [Narrated by At-Tahawi]
وَعَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ النَّخَعِيَّ، قَالَ: أَدْرَكْتُ أَصْحَابَ ابْنِ مَسْعُوْدٍ يُصَلُّوْنَ الْعَصْرَ فِي آخِرِ وَقْتِهَا. رَوَاهُ مُحَمَّدٌ فِي كِتَابِ الْحُجَجِ».
Narrated by Hammad from Ibrahim An-Nakha'i: I saw the companions of Ibn Mas'ud praying the Asr prayer at its latest time. [Narrated by Muhammad in the Book of Hujaj]
وَعَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ قَالَ: إِنَّمَا سُمِّيَتِ الْعَصْرَ لِتُعْصَرَ . رَوَاهُ الطَّحَاوِيُّ.
Narrated by Abu Qilabah: The Asr prayer is named so because it is 'pressed.' [Narrated by At-Tahawi]
وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ : تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الْمُنَافِقِ يَجْلِسُ يَرْقُبُ الشَّمْسَ، حَتَّى إِذَا اصْفَرَّتْ وَكَانَتْ بَيْنَ قَرْنَيْ الشَّيْطَانِ، قَامَ فَنَقَرَ أَرْبَعًا، لَا يَذْكُرُ اللهَ فِيْهَا إِلَّا قَلِيلًا». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
Narrated by Anas: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "That is the prayer of the hypocrite. He sits and waits for the sun until it turns yellow and is between the two horns of Shaytan. Then he gets up and offers four rak'ahs, not remembering Allah in them except for a little." [Narrated by Muslim]
وَعَنْ بُرَيْدَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ : بَكَّرُوا بِالصَّلَاةِ يَوْمَ الْغَيْمِ؛ فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ تَرَكَ صَلَاةَ الْعَصْرِ حَبِطَ عَمَلُهُ. رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَابْنُ مَاجَهِ وَابْنُ حِبَّانَ.
Narrated by Buraidah: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Make the prayer early on a cloudy day, for whoever delays the Asr prayer, his deeds are nullified." [Narrated by Ahmad, Ibn Majah, and Ibn Hibban]
وَعَنْ مَرْثَدِ بْن عَبْدِ اللهِ قَالَ: قَدِمَ عَلَيْنَا أَبُو أَيُّوْبَ غَازِيًا، وَعُقْبَةُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَلَى مِصْرَ، فَأَخَرَ الْمَغْرِبَ، فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ أَبُو أَيُّوبَ، فَقَالَ: مَا هَذِهِ الصَّلَاةُ يَا عُقْبَةُ؟
قَالَ: شَغَلَنَا. قَالَ: أَمَا سَمِعْتَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُوْلُ: «لَا تَزَالُ أُمَّتِي بِخَيْرٍ - أَوْ قَالَ: عَلَى الْفِطْرَةِ - مَا لَمْ يُؤَخِّرُوا الْمَغْرِبَ إِلَى أَنْ تَشْتَبِكَ النُّجُوْمُ». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ.
Narrated by Martad ibn Abdullah: Abu Ayyub came to us as a warrior, and Uqbah ibn Amir was in charge of Egypt at that time. He delayed the Maghrib prayer. Abu Ayyub stood up and said: "What is this prayer, O Uqbah?" He replied: "We were busy." Abu Ayyub said: "Did you not hear the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying: 'My Ummah will remain in good condition, as long as they do not delay the Maghrib prayer until the stars begin to appear.'" [Narrated by Abu Dawood]
وَعَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: صَلُّوا صَلَاةَ الْمَغْرِبَ مَعَ سُقُوطِ الشَّمْسِ، بَادِرُوا بِهَا طُلُوْعَ النَّجْمِ». رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ فِي الْكَبِيرِ».
Narrated by Abu Ayyub: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Pray the Maghrib prayer when the sun sets, and hasten to it before the stars appear." [Narrated by Al-Tabarani in the Kabir]
وَعَنْهُ قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «بَادِرُوا بِصَلَاةِ الْمَغْرِبِ قَبْلَ طُلُوعِ النَّجْمِ». رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَالدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ.
Narrated by Abu Ayyub: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Hasten to offer the Maghrib prayer before the stars appear." [Narrated by Ahmad and Al-Daraqutni]
وَعَنْهُ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ : صَلُّوا الْمَغْرِبَ حِيْنَ فَطَرَ الصَّائِمُ مُبَادَرَةَ طلُوعِ النَّجْمِ». رَوَاهُ ابْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ.
Narrated by Abu Ayyub: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Pray the Maghrib when the fasting person breaks his fast, hasten it before the stars appear." [Narrated by Ibn Abi Shaybah]
وَعَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: كُنَّا نُصَلِّي الْمَغْرِبَ مَعَ رَسُوْلِ اللهِ ﷺ فَيَنْصَرِفُ أَحَدُنَا، وَإِنَّهُ لَيُبْصِرُ مَوَاقِعَ نَبْلِهِ. مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Narrated by Rafi' ibn Khadij: We prayed Maghrib with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and when we finished, one of us could still see the location of his arrow. [Agreed upon]
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ رُفَيْعِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «عَجْلُوا صَلَاةَ النَّهَارِ فِي يَوْمِ غِيْمٍ، وَأَخَرُوا الْمَغْرِبَ». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ فِي مَرَاسِيْلِهِ.
قَالَ الْعَزِيزِيُّ : إِسْنَادُهُ قَوِيٌّ مَعَ إِرْسَالِهِ، وَحَسَّنَهُ فِي الْجَامِعِ الصَّغِيْرِ بِالرَّمْزِ.
Narrated by Abdul Aziz ibn Rufa'i: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Hasten the daytime prayer on a cloudy day, and delay the Maghrib prayer." [Narrated by Abu Dawood in his Mursal narrations]
Al-Azizi said: "Its chain of narration is strong despite being mursal, and he rated it as good in Al-Jami' Al-Saghir).
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «لَوْلَا أَنْ أَشُقَّ عَلَى أُمَّتِي لَأَمَرْتُهُمْ أَنْ يُؤَخِّرُوا الْعِشَاءَ إِلَى ثُلُثِ اللَّيْلِ أَوْ نِصْفِهِ. رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَالتَّرْمِذِيُّ وَابْنُ مَاجَه، وَقَالَ التَّرْمِذِيُّ: حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.
Narrated by Abu Huraira: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "If I did not find it difficult for my Ummah, I would have commanded them to delay the Isha prayer until a third of the night or half of it." [Narrated by Ahmad, Al-Tirmidhi, and Ibn Majah; Al-Tirmidhi said it is good and authentic]
وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ (رضي الله عنها) قَالَتْ: كَانُوا يُصَلُّوْنَ الْعَتَمَةَ فِيْمَا بَيْنَ أَنْ يَغِيْبَ الشَّفَقُ إِلَى ثُلُثِ اللَّيْلِ الْأَوَّلِ. مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Narrated by Aisha: They used to pray Isha between the disappearance of the twilight and the first third of the night. [Agreed upon]
وَعَنِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: أَنَا أَعْلَمُ بِوَقْتِ هَذِهِ الصَّلَاةِ: صَلَاةِ الْعِشَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ، كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُصَلَّيْهَا لِسُقُوْطِ الْقَمَرِ لِثَالِثَةٍ. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالدَّارِمِيُّ.
Narrated by Nu‘man ibn Bashir: "I know the time for this prayer, the last night prayer (Isha). The Messenger of Allah ﷺ would pray it when the moon had completely set, around the third part of the night." [Narrated by Abu Dawood and al-Darimi]
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ عُمَرَ (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: مَكَثْنَا ذَاتَ لَيْلَةٍ نَنْتَظِرُ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ صَلَاةَ الْعِشَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ، فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْنَا حِيْنَ ذَهَبَ ثُلُثُ اللَّيْلِ أَوْ بَعْدَهُ، فَلَا نَدْرِي أَشَيْءٌ شَغَلَهُ فِي أَهْلِهِ أَوْ غَيْرُ ذَلِكَ؟ فَقَالَ حِيْنَ خَرَجَ: إِنَّكُمْ لَتَنْتَظِرُوْنَ صَلَاةً مَا يَنْتَظِرُهَا أَهْلُ دِيْنٍ غَيْرُكُمْ، وَلَوْلَا أَنْ يَثْقُلَ عَلَى أُمَّتِي لَصَلَّيْتُ بِهِمْ هَذِهِ السَّاعَةَ». ثُمَّ أَمَرَ الْمُؤَذِّنَ، فَأَقَامَ الصَّلَاةَ وَصَلَّى رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
Narrated by Abdullah ibn Umar: "One night, we waited for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ for the last Isha prayer. He came out when a third of the night had passed, or maybe even later. We didn't know if something had delayed him due to his family or something else. He said: 'You are waiting for a prayer that no other people wait for like you. If it were not for the hardship of my Ummah, I would have prayed this prayer at this time.' Then he instructed the muezzin to call for prayer, and he led the prayer." [Narrated by Muslim]
وَعَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ ، قَالَ : كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُصَلِّي الصَّلَوَاتِ نَحْوًا مِنْ صَلَاتِكُمْ، وَكَانَ يُؤَخِّرُ الْعَتَمَةَ بَعْدَ صَلَاتِكُمْ شَيْئًا، وَكَانَ يُخَفِّفُ الصَّلَاةَ. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
Narrated by Jabir ibn Samurah: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to perform prayers similar to your prayers, but he would delay the Isha prayer a little after your prayer and would shorten the prayer." [Narrated by Muslim]
وَعَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: صَلَّيْنَا مَعَ رَسُوْلِ اللهِ ﷺ صَلَاةَ الْعَتَمَةِ فَلَمْ يَخْرُجُ حَتَّى مَضَى نَحْو مِنْ شَطْرِ اللَّيْلِ، فَقَالَ: خُذُوا مَقَاعِدَكُمْ». فَأَخَذْنَا مَقَاعِدَنَا، فَقَالَ: إِنَّ النَّاسَ قَدْ صَلَّوْا وَأَخَذُوْا مَضَاجِعَهُمْ، وَإِنَّكُمْ لَنْ تَزَالُوا فِي صَلَاةٍ مَا انْتَظَرْتُمُ الصَّلَاةَ، وَلَوْلَا ضُعْفُ الضَّعِيْفِ وَسَقْمُ السَّقِيمِ لَأَخَرْتُ هَذِهِ الصَّلَاةَ إِلَى شَطْرِ اللَّيْلِ. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ.
Narrated by Abu Sa'id al-Khudri: "We prayed Isha with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and he did not come out until half the night had passed. He said, 'Take your seats.' We sat down, and he said, 'The people have prayed and gone to their beds, but as long as you are waiting for the prayer, you are still in prayer. If it were not for the weakness of the weak and the illness of the sick, I would have delayed this prayer until the middle of the night.'" [Narrated by Abu Dawood and al-Nasa'i]
وَعَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَنْ نَامَ عَنْ صَلَاةِ الْعِشَاءِ حَتَّى يَفُوْتَهُ وَقْتُهَا فَلَا نَامَتْ عَيْنُهُ. رَوَاهُ ابْنُ عَسَاكِرٍ مُرْسَلًا.
Narrated by Amr ibn Dinar: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Whoever misses the Isha prayer until its time has passed, his eyes have not slept properly.'" [Narrated by Ibn Asakir]
وَعَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «أَسْفِرُوا بِالْفَجْرِ؛ فَإِنَّهُ أَعْظَمُ لِلْأَجْرِ». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالدَّارِمِيُّ، وَلَيْسَ عِنْدَ النَّسَائِي: «فَإِنَّهُ أَعْظَمُ لِلْأَجْرِ». وَقَالَ التَّرْمِذِيُّ: حَدِيْثُ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ حَدِيْثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.
Narrated by Rafi‘ ibn Khadij: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Delay the Fajr prayer because it is more rewarding.'" [Narrated by al-Tirmidhi, Abu Dawood, and al-Darimi; not mentioned by al-Nasa'i: 'because it is more rewarding'). Al-Tirmidhi said: 'The Hadith of Rafi‘ ibn Khadij is a good and authentic Hadith.'
وَعَنْهُ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: نَوِّرُوْا بِالْفَجْرِ؛ فَإِنَّهُ أَعْظَمُ لِلْأَجْرِ». رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِي فِي الْكَبِيرِ».
Narrated by Rafi‘ ibn Khadij: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Illuminate (brighten) the Fajr prayer, for it is more rewarding.'" [Narrated by al-Tabarani in al-Kabir]
وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «أَسْفِرُوْا بِالْفَجْرِ يُغْفَرْ لَكُمْ». رَوَاهُ الدَّيْلَمِيُّ.
Narrated by Anas ibn Malik: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Delay the Fajr prayer and you will be forgiven.'" [Narrated by al-Dailami]
وَعَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ الصِّدِّيقِ (رضي الله عنه)، عَنْ بِلَالٍ الله قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «يَا بِلَالُ، أَصْبِحُوْا بِالصُّبْحِ؛ فَإِنَّهُ خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ». رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ فِي الْكَبِيرِ».
Narrated by Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, from Bilal: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'O Bilal, make the morning (Fajr) prayer early, for it is better for you.'" [Narrated by al-Tabarani in al-Kabir]
وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ (رضي الله عنه)، قَالَ: قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَنْ نَوَّرَ بِالْفَجْرِ نَوَّرَ اللهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ وَقَلْبِهِ وَقُبِلَ صَلَاتُهُ. رَوَاهُ الدَّيْلَمِيُّ.
Narrated by Anas ibn Malik: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Whoever brightens (or illuminates) the Fajr prayer, Allah will brighten his grave, his heart, and his prayer will be accepted.'" [Narrated by al-Dailami]
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «لَا تَزَالُ أُمَّتِي عَلَى الْفِطْرَةِ مَا أَسْفَرُوْا بِصَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ». رَوَاهُ الْبَزَّارُ وَالطَّبَرَانِيُّ فِي الْأَوْسَطِ».
Narrated by Abu Huraira: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'My Ummah will remain on the Fitrah (natural state) as long as they perform the Fajr prayer with early dawn.'" [Narrated by al-Bazzar and al-Tabarani in al-Awsat]
وَعَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «أَسْفِرُوا بِصَلَاةِ الصُّبْحِ حَتَّى يَرَى الْقَوْمُ مَوَاقِعَ نَبْلِهِمْ». رَوَاهُ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ.
Narrated by Rafi‘ ibn Khadij: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Delay the Fajr prayer until the people can see the location of their arrows.'" [Narrated by al-Tayalisi]
وَعَنْهُ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ : نَوَّرُوا بِالصُّبْحِ بِقَدْرِ مَا يُبْصِرُ الْقَوْمُ مَوَاقِعَ نَبْلِهِمْ». رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ فِي الْكَبِيْرِ».
Narrated by Rafi‘ ibn Khadij: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Brighten the Fajr prayer until the people can see the location of their arrows.'" [Narrated by al-Tabarani in al-Kabir]
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَقَيْلٍ قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللهِ (رضي الله عنه) يَقُوْلُ: كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يُؤَخِّرُ الْفَجْرَ كَاسْمِهَا. رَوَاهُ الطَّحَاوِيُّ بِسَنَدٍ صَحِيحٍ.
Narrated by Abdullah ibn Muhammad ibn Aqil: "I heard Jabir ibn Abdullah say: 'The Prophet ﷺ would delay the Fajr prayer to its proper time, not like the way it is prayed now.'" [Narrated by Al-Tahawi with an authentic chain]
وَعَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ: مَا اجْتَمَعَ أَصْحَابُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَلَى شَيْءٍ مَا اجْتَمَعُوْا عَلَى التَّنْوِيرِ. رَوَاهُ الطَّحَاوِيُّ.
Narrated by Ibrahim: "The companions of Muhammad ﷺ never agreed on anything more than they agreed on brightening the Fajr prayer." [Narrated by al-Tahawi]
وَعَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: مَا رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ صَلَّى صَلَاةٌ إِلَّا لِمِيقَاتِهَا، إِلَّا صَلَاتَيْنِ: صَلَاةَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ بِجَمْعِ، وَصَلَّى الْفَجْرَ يَوْمَئِذٍ قَبْلَ مِيْقَاتِهَا بِغَلَسٍ. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
Narrated by Ibn Mas'ud: "I never saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ perform any prayer except at its appointed time, except for two prayers: the Maghrib and Isha prayers during the Journey of Muzdalifah, and the Fajr prayer on that day before its appointed time, during the darkness of dawn." [Narrated by Muslim]
وَعَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ يَزِيدَ يَقُوْلُ: حَجَّ عَبْدِ اللهِ فَأَمَرَنِي عَلْقَمَهُ أَنْ أَلْزَمَهُ، فَلَمَّا كَانَتْ لَيْلَةُ مُزْدَلِفَةَ وَطَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ قَالَ: أَقِمْ. فَقُلْتُ: يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ
الرَّحْمَنِ، إِنَّ هَذِهِ لَسَاعَةُ مَا رَأَيْتُكَ تُصَلِّي فِيْهَا قَطَّ ؟ فَقَالَ: إِنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ لَا يُصَلِّي هَذِهِ يَعْنِي هَذِهِ الصَّلَاةَ إِلَّا هَذِهِ السَّاعَةَ فِي هَذَا الْمَكَانِ، مِنْ هَذَا الْيَوْمِ. قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ: هُمَا صَلَاتَانِ تُحَوَّلَانِ عَنْ وَقْتِهِمَا: صَلَاةُ الْمَغْرِبِ بَعْدَ مَا يَأْتِي النَّاسُ مِنْ مُزْدَلِفَةَ، وَصَلَاةُ الْغَدَاةِ حِيْنَ يَنْزَعُ الْفَجْرُ. رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ. رَوَاهُ الطَّحَاوِيُّ.
Narrated by Abu Ishaq: "I heard Abdur-Rahman ibn Yazid say: 'Abdullah performed Hajj and ordered me to stay with him. When it was the night of Muzdalifah and dawn had broken, he said: "Stand up." I said: 'O Abu Abdur-Rahman, this is a time at which I have never seen you pray.' He said: 'The Messenger of Allah ﷺ would not pray at this time, except on this day and in this place.' Abdullah said: 'There are two prayers that are changed from their appointed time: the Maghrib prayer after the people return from Muzdalifah, and the Fajr prayer when the dawn breaks.' I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ do this.'" [Narrated by al-Tahawi]
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ: «اجْعَلُوْا آخَرَ صَلَاتِكُمْ بِاللَّيْلِ وِتْرًا». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
Narrated by Ibn Umar, from the Prophet ﷺ: "Make the last of your night prayers Witr." [Narrated by Muslim]
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: أَوْصَانِي خَلِيلِي بِثَلَاثٍ: صِيَامِ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ، وَرَكْعَتَي الضُّحَى، وَأَنْ أُوْتِرَ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَنَامَ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Narrated by Abu Huraira: "My friend (Messenger of Allah ﷺ) advised me with three things: fasting three days of every month, performing two Rak'ahs of Duha, and to pray Witr before sleeping." [Agreed upon]
وَعَنْ غُضَيْفِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ قَالَ: فَقُلْتُ لِعَائِشَةَ: أَرَأَيْتِ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ يَغْتَسِلُ مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ فِي أَوَّلِ اللَّيْلِ أَمْ فِي آخِرِهِ؟ قَالَتْ: رُبَّمَا اغْتَسَلَ فِي أَوَّلِ اللَّيْلِ، وَرُبَّمَا اغْتَسَلَ فِي آخِرِهِ. قُلْتُ: اللهُ أَكْبَرُ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي جَعَلَ فِي الْأَمْرِ سَعَةً. قُلْتُ: كَانَ يُؤْتِرُ أَوَّلَ اللَّيْلِ أَمْ فِي آخِرِهِ؟ قَالَتْ: رُبَّمَا أَوْتَرَ فِي أَوَّلِ اللَّيْلِ، وَرُبَّمَا أَوْتَرَ فِي آخِرِهِ. قُلْتُ: اللهُ أَكْبَرُ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي جَعَلَ فِي الْأَمْرِ سَعَةً. قُلْتُ: كَانَ يَجْهَرُ بِالْقِرَاءَةِ أَمْ يَخْفِتُ؟ قَالَتْ: رُبَّمَا جَهَرَ بِهِ، وَرُبَّمَا خَفَتَ. قُلْتُ: اللهُ أَكْبَرُ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي جَعَلَ فِي الْأَمْرِ سَعَةً. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ، وَرَوَى ابْنُ مَاجَهِ الْفَصْلَ الْأَخِيرَ.
Narrated by Ghudayfah ibn al-Harith: "I asked Aisha: 'Did the Messenger of Allah ﷺ perform Ghusl from Janabah (major impurity) at the beginning of the night or at the end of the night?' She replied: 'He sometimes performed Ghusl at the beginning of the night, and sometimes at the end of it.' I said: 'Allah is the Greatest. Praise be to Allah, who made it spacious in the matter.' I then asked: 'Did he perform Witr at the beginning of the night or at the end?' She replied: 'He sometimes performed Witr at the beginning of the night, and sometimes at the end of it.' I said: 'Allah is the Greatest. Praise be to Allah, who made it spacious in the matter.' I then asked: 'Did he recite aloud or quietly during prayer?' She replied: 'He sometimes recited aloud, and sometimes quietly.' I said: 'Allah is the Greatest. Praise be to Allah, who made it spacious in the matter.'" [Narrated by Abu Dawood, and Ibn Majah reported the last part of it]
وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَنْ خَافَ أَنْ لَا يَقُوْمَ مِنْ آخِرِ اللَّيْلِ فَلْيُؤْتِرُ أَوَّلَهُ، وَمَنْ طَمِعَ أَنْ يَقُوْمَ آخِرَهُ فَلْيُؤْتِرُ آخِرَ اللَّيْلِ؛ فَإِنَّ صَلَاةَ آخِرِ اللَّيْلِ مَشْهُودَةٌ، وَذَلِكَ أَفْضَلُ». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ وَأَحْمَدُ.
Narrated by Jabir: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever fears that he will not be able to stand for prayer at the end of the night, let him perform Witr at the beginning of the night. And whoever hopes to stand in the last part of the night, let him perform Witr in the last part, for the prayer at the end of the night is witnessed, and it is better." [Narrated by Muslim and Ahmad]
وَعَنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ الْعَيْزَارِ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَمْرٍو الشَّيْبَانِي يَقُوْلُ: حَدَّثَنَا صَاحِبُ هَذِهِ الدَّارِ، وَأَشَارَ إِلَى دَارٍ عَبْدِ اللهِ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ: أَيُّ الْعَمَلِ أَحَبُّ إِلَى اللهِ تَعَالَى؟ قَالَ: «الصَّلَاةُ عَلَى وَقْتِهَا، وَبِرُّ الْوَالِدَيْنِ، وَالْجِهَادُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ عَزَّوَجَلَّ». رَوَاهُ النَّسَائِيُّ.
Narrated by al-Waleed ibn al-Aizar: "I heard Abu Amr al-Shaybani say: 'The companion of this house (pointing to Abdullah's house) told us: I asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, "Which deed is the most beloved to Allah?" He replied: "Performing prayer at its proper time, being kind to one's parents, and Jihad in the way of Allah."'" [Narrated by al-Nasa'i]
وَعَنْ عَلِيَّ (رضي الله عنه): أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ: «يَا عَلِيُّ، ثَلَاثُ لَا تُؤَخِّرُهَا: الصَّلَاةُ إِذَا أَتَتْ، وَالْجَنَازَةُ إِذَا حَضَرَتْ، وَالْأَيِّمُ إِذَا وَجَدْتَ لَهَا كُفُوًا». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.
Narrated by Ali ibn Abi Talib: The Prophet ﷺ said: "O Ali, there are three things you should never delay: prayer when it is due, the funeral when it is present, and the unmarried woman when you find a suitable match for her." [Narrated by al-Tirmidhi]
وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ (رضي الله عنها) قَالَتْ: مَا صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ صَلَاةً لِوَقْتِهَا الْآخِرِ مَرَّتَيْنِ حَتَّى قَبَضَهُ اللهُ تَعَالَى رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.
Narrated by Aisha: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ never prayed a prayer at its last time more than twice until Allah took his soul." [Narrated by al-Tirmidhi]
وَعَنْ أَبِي ذَرِّ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: كَيْفَ أَنْتَ إِذَا كَانَتْ عَلَيْكَ أُمَرَاءُ يُمِيتُونَ الصَّلَاةَ أَوْ يُؤَخِّرُوْنَهَا عَنْ وَقْتِهَا. قُلْتُ: فَمَا تَأْمُرُنِي؟ قَالَ: «صَلَّ الصَّلَاةَ لِوَقْتِهَا، فَإِنْ أَدْرَكْتَهَا مَعَهُمْ فَصَلَّ؛ فَإِنَّهَا لَكَ نَافِلَةٌ». رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ. وَقَالَ الْعَلَّامَةُ الْعَيْنِيُّ: حَدِيثُ مَنْ أَدْرَكَ رَكْعَةً ... مَنْسُوخُ . ۱
Narrated by Abu Dharr: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "How will you be when there are rulers over you who delay the prayer or miss its appointed time?" I replied: "What should I do?" He said: "Pray at the time of the prayer. If you catch up with them, then pray with them, for it will be a voluntary prayer for you." [Narrated by Muslim] And the scholar al-‘Ayni said: "The Hadith about catching one rak'ah is abrogated." 1
Notes / الحواشي
1 “His statement: ‘Abrogated’ – its clarification has already been discussed in the chapter on timings.”
۱ قوله: منسوخ مضى تحقيقه في باب المواقيت».
وَعَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «إِنَّهَا سَتَكُوْنُ عَلَيْكُمْ بَعْدِي أُمَرَاءُ يَشْغَلُهُمْ أَشْيَاءُ عَنْ الصَّلَاةِ لِوَقْتِهَا حَتَّى يَذْهَبَ وَقْتُهَا، فَصَلُّوْا الصَّلَاةَ لِوَقْتِهَا فَقَالَ رَجَلٌ : يَا رَسُوْلَ اللهِ، أُصَلِّي مَعَهُمْ؟ قَالَ: «نَعَمْ». رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ.
Narrated by Ubadah bin As-Samit (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to me: "After me, there will be rulers who will be preoccupied with affairs, causing them to neglect prayers at their due times until their time has passed. So, perform the prayer at its proper time." A man asked: "O Messenger of Allah, should I pray with them?" He (ﷺ) replied: "Yes." [Narrated by Abu Dawood]
وَعَنْ نَافِعٍ أَنَّ ابْنَ عُمَرَ (رضي الله عنه) كَانَ يَقُولُ : مَنْ صَلَّى صَلَاةَ الْمَغْرِبِ أَوِ الصُّبْحِ، ثُمَّ أَدْرَكَهُمَا فَلَا يُعِيدُ لَهُمَا غَيْرَ مَا قَدْ صَلَّاهُمَا. رَوَاهُ مَالِكُ، وَرَوَى الدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ما نَحْوَهُ مَرْفُوعًا.
Narrated by Nafi: Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) used to say: "Whoever performs the Maghrib or Fajr prayer, and then catches up with them, should not repeat it, except for what he has already prayed." [Narrated by Malik, and a similar narration was [Narrated by Al-Daraqutni from Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him)]
وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَنْ نَسِيَ۲ صَلَاةً أَوْ نَامَ عَنْهَا فَكَفَّارَتُهَا أَنْ يُصَلِّيَهَا إِذَا ذَكَرَهَا». وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: «لَا كَفَّارَةَ لَهَا إِلَّا ذَلَكَ». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Narrated by Anas (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Whoever forgets a prayer or sleeps through it, 2 the expiation for it is to pray it when he remembers it." In another narration: "There is no expiation for it other than this." [Agreed upon]
Notes / الحواشي
2 The statement: "Whoever forgets a prayer or sleeps through it..." Imam Al-Shafi'i used this narration as evidence to allow the performance of missed prayers during the time when it is prohibited to pray. However, according to our position, it is disliked to pray during these prohibited times, whether it is a missed prayer, obligatory, or voluntary, because it is not necessary to pray immediately upon remembering. The main point here is that remembering the prayer makes it obligatory to perform it. If one remembers it during the prohibited time and delays it until the prohibited time has passed, then they would be acting in accordance with both hadiths, this one and the one that forbids praying during the prohibited times. I took this from "Umdat al-Qari," and it is supported by the hadith regarding the practice of resting, which comes later.
۲ قوله: من نسي صلاة أو نام عنها إلخ احتج به الشافعي على جواز قضاء الفوائت في الوقت المنهي عن الصلاة فيه، وعندنا كره تحريمها صلاة مطلقا، ولو قضاء أو واجبة أو نفلا في هذه الأوقات المنهية؛ لأنه ليس بلازم أن يصلي في أول حال الذكر، غاية ما في الباب أن ذكره سبب لوجوب القضاء، فإذا ذكرها في الوقت المنهي وأخرها إلى أن يخرج ذلك وصلّى، يكون عاملا بالحديثين، أحدهما هذا، والآخر حديث النهي في الوقت المنهي عنه. أخذته من عمدة القاري، ويؤيده حديث التعريس الذي يأتي بعده.
وَعَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «لَيْسَ فِي النَّوْمِ تَفْرِيطُ، إِنَّمَا التَّفْرِيطُ فِي الْيَقَظَةِ، فَإِذَا نَسِيَ أَحَدُكُمْ صَلَاةً أَوْ نَامَ عَنْهَا فَلْيُصَلُّهَا إِذَا ذَكَرَهَا؛ فَإِنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى قَالَ: ﴿وَأَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ لِذِكْرِي . رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
From Abu Qatadah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "There is no negligence in sleep. Negligence occurs in wakefulness. If any of you forgets a prayer or sleeps through it, let him pray it when he remembers it; for indeed, Allah, the Almighty, said: 'And establish the prayer for My remembrance.'" (Quran 20:14) [Narrated by Muslim]
وَعَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَنْ نَامَ عَنِ الْوِتْرِ أَوْ نَسِيَهُ فَلْيُصَلَّ إِذَا ذَكَرَ وَإِذَا اسْتَيْقَظَ رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ وَابْنُ مَاجَه.
From Abu Sa’id, who said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Whoever sleeps through the Witr or forgets it, let him pray it when he remembers it or when he wakes up." [Narrated by Tirmidhi, Abu Dawood, and Ibn Majah]
وَعَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ : أَنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ حِيْنَ قَفَلَ مِنْ خَيْبَرَ أَسْرَى حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ مِنْ آخِرِ اللَّيْلِ عَرَّسَ، وَقَالَ لِبِلَالٍ: «اكْلَأْ لَنَا الصُّبْحَ، فَنَامَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابُهُ، وَكَلَا بِلَالُ مَا قُدَّرَ لَهُ، ثُمَّ اسْتَنَدَ إِلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ، وَهُوَ مُقَابِلُ الْفَجْرِ، فَغَلَبَتْهُ عَيْنَاهُ، فَلَمْ يَسْتَيْقِظُ رَسُولُ اللهِ وَلَا بِلَالُ وَلَا أَحَدٌ مِنَ الرَّكْبِ حَتَّى ضَرَبَتْهُمُ الشَّمْسُ، فَفَزِعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ، فَقَالَ: «يَا بِلَالُ»! فَقَالَ بِلَالُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، أَخَذَ بِنَفْسِي الَّذِي أَخَذَ بِنَفْسِكَ. قَالَ: «اقْتَادُوا». فَبَعَثُوا رَوَاحِلَهُمْ، فَاقْتَادُوْهَا شَيْئًا، ثُمَّ أَمَرَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ بِلَالًا فَأَقَامَ الصَّلَاةَ، فَصَلَّى بِهِمُ الصُّبْحَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ حِيْنَ قَضَى الصَّلَاةَ: «مَنْ نَسِيَ صَلَاةً فَلْيُصَلِّهَا إِذَا ذَكَرَهَا؛ فَإِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّوَجَلَّ يَقُولُ: ﴿ وَأَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ لِذِكْرِي رَوَاهُ مَالِكُ وَمُسْلِمُ.
وَقَالَ عُلَمَاؤُنَا: إِنَّ اقْتِيَادَهُمْ وَخُرُوجَهُمْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْوَادِي كَانَ؛ لِأَنَّهُ انْتَبَهَ حِيْنَ طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ، وَمِنَ السُّنَّةِ أَنْ لَا يُصَلِّي عِنْدَ طُلُوْعِهَا وَلَا عِنْدَ غُرُوبِهَا، فَلَا يَجُوْزُ أَدَاءُ الْفَائِتَةِ فِي السَّاعَاتِ الَّتِي نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فِيْهَا، وَخُصَّ الذَّكْرُ بِالذِّكْرِ فِي غَيْرِ هَذِهِ الْأَوْقَاتِ.
From Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib, who reported: When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) returned from Khaybar, and it was near the end of the night, he rested. He said to Bilal: "Guard the morning for us." The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and his companions slept, and Bilal ate what was available to him. Then, he leaned against his mount facing the dawn. He was overcome by sleep, and neither the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), Bilal, nor anyone else in the caravan woke up until the sun struck them. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) then woke up startled and said: "O Bilal!" Bilal replied: "O Messenger of Allah, I was overtaken by sleep just as you were." The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "Get up and continue your journey." They set out, and the Prophet (ﷺ) commanded Bilal to establish the prayer. Bilal led them in the morning prayer, and after completing the prayer, the Prophet (ﷺ) said: "Whoever forgets a prayer, let him pray it when he remembers it; for indeed, Allah, the Almighty, says: 'And establish the prayer for My remembrance.'" [Narrated by Malik and Muslim]
The scholars have said: The reason for them continuing their journey and leaving that valley was because the Prophet (ﷺ) woke up when the sun had risen, and it is a sunnah not to pray at the time of sunrise or sunset. Therefore, it is not permissible to perform the missed prayer during the times when the Prophet (ﷺ) forbade praying. The mention of "remembrance" applies to times outside these restricted hours.
وَعَنْ شُعْبَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ الْحَكَمَ وَحَمَادًا عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَنَامُ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فَيَسْتَيْقِظُ، وَقَدْ طَلَعَ مِنَ الشَّمْسِ شَيْءٌ؟ قَالَا : لَا يُصَلِّي حَتَّى تَنْبَسِطَ الشَّمْسُ رَوَاهُ الطَّحَاوِيُّ.
From Shu'bah, who said: I asked al-Hakam and Hamad about a man who sleeps through the prayer, and upon waking, some of the sun has risen. They both said: "He should not pray until the sun has fully risen." [Narrated by al-Tahawi]
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ۱ قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ : مَنْ نَسِيَ صَلَاةً فَلَمْ يَذْكُرْهَا إِلَّا وَهُوَ مَعَ الْإِمَامِ فَسَلَّمَ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ، فَإِذَا فَرَغَ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ فَلْيُعِدِ الَّتِي نَسِيَ، ثُمَّ لْيُعِدِ الَّتِي صَلَّى مَعَ الْإِمَامِ». رَوَاهُ الدَّارَ قُطْنِيُّ وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ. وَرَوَى الطَّبَرَانِيُّ وَالْخَطِيبُ نَحْوَهُ.
From Ibn Umar, who said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Whoever forgets a prayer and does not remember it until he is with the Imam and has finished his prayer, then when he finishes his prayer, let him repeat the one he forgot, and then let him repeat the one he prayed with the Imam." [Narrated by al-Daraqutni and al-Bayhaqi, Al-Tabarani and al-Khatib also narrated something similar]
Notes / الحواشي
1 His saying: "And from Ibn Umar..." These hadiths are meant to clarify the rulings regarding making up missed prayers for the one who follows the proper sequence. Ibn al-Humam in Fath al-Qadir and the author of Bahr al-Ra'iq in the commentary on al-Manar have lengthy discussions on what our scholars have concluded regarding the condition of performing the missed prayer before the regular prayer for the validity of the performance. Those who wish may refer to them.
۱ قوله: وعن ابن عمر إلخ هذه الأحاديث لبيان الأحكام المتعلقة بقضاء الصلوات الفائتة لصاحب الترتيب. ولابن الهمام في فتح القدير وصاحب البحر الرائق» في شرح المنار» كلام طويل على ما ذهب إليه أصحابنا من اشتراط أداء القضاء قبل الأداء لصحة الأداء، من شاء فليراجع إليهما.
وَعَنْ حَبِيْبِ اللهِ وَكَانَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُوْلِ اللهِ : أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ صَلَّى الْمَغْرِبَ وَنَسِيَ الْعَصْرَ، فَقَالَ: لَأَصْحَابِهِ: هَلْ رَأَيْتُمُونِي صَلَّيْتُ الْعَصْرَ؟» قَالُوا: لَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، مَا صَلَّيْتَهَا. فَأَمَرَ الْمُؤَذِّنَ، فَأَذَّنَ ثُمَّ أَقَامَ، فَصَلَّى الْعَصْرَ وَنَقَضَ الْأَوْلَى، ثُمَّ صَلَّى الْمَغْرِبَ. رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَالطَّبَرَانِيُّ وَأَبُو نُعَيْمٍ.
From Habibullah, who was from the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ: The Prophet ﷺ prayed Maghrib and forgot Asr. He asked his companions, "Did you see that I prayed Asr?" They replied, "No, O Messenger of Allah, you did not pray it." He instructed the mu'adhin to call the adhan, then he stood for prayer and prayed Asr, then he repeated Maghrib. [Narrated by Ahmad, al-Tabarani, and Abu Nu'aym]
وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ (رضي الله عنه) أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَابِ الله يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ جَعَلَ يَسُبُّ كُفَّارَ قُرَيْشٍ، وَقَالَ: يَا رَسُوْلَ اللهِ، مَا كِدْتُ أُصَلَّى الْعَصْرَ حَتَّى كَادَتِ الشَّمْسُ تَغْرُبُ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «فَوَاللهِ، مَا صَلَّيْتُهَا، فَنَزَلْنَا إِلَى بُطْحَانَ، فَتَوَضَّأَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ وَتَوَضَّأْنَا، فَصَلَّى الْعَصْرَ بَعْدَ مَا غَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ ، وَصَلَّى بَعْدَهَا الْمَغْرِبَ. رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ وَمُسْلِمٌ.
From Jabir, Allah be pleased with him: On the day of the Battle of the Trench, Umar ibn al-Khattab said: "O Messenger of Allah, I nearly missed Asr until the sun was almost setting." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied: "By Allah, I did not pray it." We then descended to Butahan, where the Messenger of Allah ﷺ made wudu, and we made wudu as well. Then, he prayed Asr after the sun had set, and after that, he prayed Maghrib. [Narrated by Bukhari and Muslim]
وَعَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فِي رَجَلٍ نَسِيَ الظُّهْرَ فَذَكَرَهَا وَهُوَ فِي الْعَصْرِ، قَالَ: يَنْصَرِفُ فَيُصَلِّي الظُّهْرَ، ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي الْعَصْرَ. رَوَاهُ الطَّحَاوِيُّ.
From Ibrahim: Regarding a person who forgot Zuhr and remembered it during Asr, he said: "He should perform Zuhr first, then pray Asr." [Narrated by Al-Tahawi]
وَعَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «مَنْ نَامَ عَنْ وِتْرِهِ فَلْيُصَلَّ إِذَا أَصْبَحَ». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ مُرْسَلًا.
وَقَالَ عَلِيُّ الْقَارِي: يَعْنِي قَبْلَ فَرْضِ الصُّبْحِ إِذَا كَانَ صَاحِبَ تَرْتِيْبِ إِنْ أَمْكَنَ، وَإِلَّا فَبَعْدَهُ وَلَوْ آخِرَ الْعُمُرِ.
From Zayd ibn Aslam: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever sleeps through his Witr, should pray it when he wakes up." [Narrated by al-Tirmidhi as marfu']
Ali al-Qari said: "This means before the Fajr prayer, if the person follows the proper sequence. If not, then after it, even if it is at the end of his life."
وَعَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيْهِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ: إِنَّ الْمُشْرِكِينَ شَغَلُوا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ عَنْ أَرْبَعِ صَلَوَاتٍ يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ حَتَّى ذَهَبَ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ مَا شَاءَ اللهُ، فَأَمَرَ بِلَالًا فَأَذَّنَ، ثُمَّ أَقَامَ فَصَلَّى الظَّهْرَ، ثُمَّ أَقَامَ فَصَلَّى الْعَصْرَ، ثُمَّ أَقَامَ فَصَلَّى الْمَغْرِبَ، ثُمَّ أَقَامَ فَصَلَّى الْعِشَاءَ رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ. وَرَوَى ابْنُ حِبَّانَ وَالْبَزَّارُ نَحْوَهُ.
وَقَالَ عُلَمَاؤُنَا: بِهَذِهِ الْأَحَادِيثِ احْتَجَّ أَصْحَابُنَا فِي فَرْضِيَّةِ التَّرْتِيبِ بَيْنَ الْوَقْتِيَّاتِ وَالْفَوَائِتِ، وَبَيْنَ الْفَوَائِتِ بَعْضِهَا بِبَعْضٍ.
From Abu Ubaidah, from his father Abdullah ibn Mas'ud: The polytheists distracted the Messenger of Allah ﷺ from four prayers on the day of the Battle of the Trench until a part of the night had passed. He then ordered Bilal to call the adhan, and he prayed Zuhr, then Asr, then Maghrib, and finally Isha. [Narrated by al-Tirmidhi and al-Nasa'I, Ibn Hibban and al-Bazzar narrated something similar]
Our scholars have used these hadiths to support the obligatory sequence between the time-specific prayers and the missed ones, as well as the ordering of some missed prayers with others.