عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «لَوْلَا أَنْ أَشُقَ عَلَى أُمَّتِي لَأَمَرْتُهُمْ بِالسَّوَاكِ مَعَ كُلَّ وُضُوْءٍ ». رَوَاهُ مَالِكُ وَالشَّافِعِيُّ والطَّحَاوِيُّ وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي السُّنَنِ» وَرَوَى الطَّبَرَانِي فِي الْأَوْسَطِ» عَنْ عَلِيَّ هِ مِثْلَهُ.
Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "If it were not for the difficulty it would cause my Ummah, I would have commanded them to use the siwak with every ablution." [Narrated by Malik, Shafi'i, al-Tahawi, and al-Bayhaqi in their Sunan, and al-Tabarani in al-Awsat narrated a similar narration from Ali (may Allah be pleased with him).
وَعَنْهُ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «لَوْلَا أَنْ أَشُقَ عَلَى أُمَّتِي لَأَمَرْتُهُمْ عِنْدَ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ بِوُضُوْءٍ وَمَعَ كُلُّ وُضُوْءٍ بِسِوَاكِ». رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ وَالحَاكِمُ فِي الْمُسْتَدْرَكِ».
He (may Allah be pleased with him) also reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "If it were not for the difficulty it would cause my Ummah, I would have commanded them to perform ablution before every prayer and use the siwak with every ablution." [Narrated by Ahmad, al-Nasa'i, and al-Hakim in al-Mustadrak]
وَعَنْهُ : أَنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ: «لَوْلَا أَنْ أَشُقَّ عَلَى أُمَّتِي لَأَمَرْتُهُمْ بِالسَّوَاكِ عِنْدَ كُلِّ وُضُوْءٍ». رَوَاهُ النَّسَائِيُّ وَابْنُ خُزَيْمَةَ فِي صَحِيحِهِ وَالْحَاكِمُ، وَقَالَ: صَحِيحُ الْإِسْنَادِ، وَالْبُخَارِيُّ تَعْلِيْقًا.
He (may Allah be pleased with him) also reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "If it were not for the difficulty it would cause my Ummah, I would have commanded them to use the siwak with every ablution." [Narrated by al-Nasa'i, Ibn Khuzaymah in his Sahih, and al-Hakim, who said that the chain of narrators is authentic, and also by al-Bukhari in his commentary]
وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ (رضي الله عنها) قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «لَوْلَا أَنْ أَشُقَّ عَلَى أُمَّتِي لَأَمَرْتُهُمْ بِالسَّوَاكِ مَعَ الْوُضُوْءِ عِنْدَ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ». رَوَاهُ ابْنُ حِبَّانَ فِي صَحِيحِهِ.
Aisha (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "If it were not for the difficulty it would cause my Ummah, I would have commanded them to use the siwak with ablution before every prayer." [Narrated by Ibn Hibban in his Sahih]
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: «لَوْلَا أَنْ أَشُقَّ عَلَى أُمَّتِي لَأَمَرْتُهُمْ بِتَأْخِيرِ الْعِشَاءِ وَبِالسَّوَاكِ عِنْدَ كُلِّ۱ صَلَاةٍ». مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "If it were not for the difficulty it would cause my Ummah, I would have commanded them to delay the Isha prayer and use the siwak with every prayer." 1 [Agreed upon]
This indicates that, according to us, the reward for using the siwak with ablution applies to every prayer performed with that ablution, whereas for the Shafi'i, the reward only applies if the siwak is used at the time of prayer itself. However, it is not contrary to their view to recommend the siwak for each prayer; rather, it is understood that it should be used when approaching the prayer, which is an intimate communication with Allah, just as it is recommended when meeting people.
It is also confirmed in al-Halabi's Sharh al-Minya al-Saghir that the siwak is recommended at both prayer and ablution, and this is mentioned in the Tatar Khaniya from al-Tatma (an Islamic legal text), where they state that it is recommended to use the siwak with every prayer and ablution. This demonstrates a unique clarification of the recommendation.
Notes / الحواشي
1 The statement "with every prayer" refers to the opinion in Radd al-Muhtar, where it is explained that for us (Hanafi school), using the siwak (tooth-stick) is recommended with ablution, while for Shafi'i, it is specifically for prayer. In al-Bahr it is mentioned that the difference in opinion is significant when one performs multiple prayers with a single ablution: for us, it is sufficient to use the siwak with the first ablution, but for the Shafi'i, it is necessary for each prayer.
۱ قوله: عند كل صلاة قال في رد المحتار: السواك للوضوء عندنا أي سنة للوضوء، وعند الشافعي للصلاة. قال في البحر»: وقالوا: فائدة الخلاف تظهر فيمن صلّى بوضوء واحد صلوات، يكفيه عندنا لا عنده. اهـ أقول: يظهر لي التوفيق بأن معنى قولهم: السواك للوضوء عندنا بيان ما تحصل به الفضيلة الواردة فيما رواه أحمد من قوله : صلاة بسواك أفضل من سبعين صلاة بغير سواك. أي أنها تحصل بالإتيان به عند الوضوء، وعند الشافعي لا تحصل إلا بالإتيان به عند الصلاة. فعندنا كل صلاة صلاها بذلك الوضوء لها هذه الفضيلة، خلافًا له، ولا يلزم من هذا نفي استحبابه عندنا لكل صلاة أيضًا حتى يحصل التنافي. وكيف لا يستحب للصلاة التي هي مناجاة الرب تعالى، مع أنه يستحب للاجتماع بالناس، وممن صرح باستحباب السواك عند الصلاة أيضًا الحلبي في شرح المنية الصغير». وفي التاتارخانية» عن «التتمة» : ويستحب السواك عندنا عند كل صلاة ووضوء، فاغتنم هذا التحرير الفريد.
وَعَنْهُ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «لَوْلَا أَنْ أَشُقَّ عَلَى أُمَّتِي لَفَرَضْتُ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّوَاكَ مَعَ الْوُضُوْءِ، وَلَأَخَّرْتُ صَلَاةَ الْعِشَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ إِلَى آخِرِ نِصْفِ اللَّيْلِ. رَوَاهُ الْحَاكِمُ فِي الْمُسْتَدْرَكِ وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي السُّنَنِ».
From him (Abu Huraira) Allah said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "If it were not for the difficulty it would cause my Ummah, I would have made the use of the siwak obligatory with every wudu, and I would have delayed the Isha prayer until the last part of the night." [Narrated by Al-Hakim in Al-Mustadrak and Al-Bayhaqi in the Sunan]
وَعَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ تَمَّامِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ، عَنْ أَبِيْهِ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: إِنَّ نَاسًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ دَخَلُوا عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ، فَقَالَ: «مَا أَرَاكُمْ قُلَّحًا؟ اسْتَاكُوْا، فَلَوْلَا أَنْ أَشُقَّ عَلَى أُمَّتِي لَأَمَرْتُهُمْ بِالسِّوَاكِ عِنْدَ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ». وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: «مَا لِي أَرَاكُمْ تَدْخُلُوْنَ عَلَيَّ قُلَّحًا؟ اسْتَاكُوْا، فَلَوْلَا أَنْ أَشُقَّ عَلَى أُمَّتِي لَأَمَرْتُهُمْ أَنْ يَسْتَاكُوْا عِنْدَ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ أَوْ عِنْدَ كُلِّ وُضُوْءٍ ». رَوَاهُ إِمَامُنَا أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ مُرْسَلًا.
قَالَ ابْنُ حِبَّانَ: تَمَّامُ الرَّاوِي ثِقَةٌ تَابِعِيُّ، وَلَيْسَ هُوَ تَمَّامًا الضَّعِيفَ.
From Ja'far bin Tamam bin Abbas bin Abdul Muttalib, from his father Allah said: Some people from the companions of the Prophet (ﷺ) entered upon him, and he said: "Why do I see you all bald-headed? Use the siwak, for if it were not for the difficulty it would cause my Ummah, I would have commanded them to use the siwak at every prayer." And in another narration: "Why do I see you entering upon me bald-headed? Use the siwak, for if it were not for the difficulty it would cause my Ummah, I would have commanded them to use the siwak at every prayer or at every wudu." [Narrated by Imam Abu Hanifa as a disconnected narration]
Ibn Hibban said: Tamam, the narrator, is a trustworthy Tabi'i (successor), and not the weak Tamam.
وَعَنْ شُرَيْحٍ بْنِ هَانِي قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ عَائِشَةَ: بِأَيِّ شَيْءٍ كَانَ يَبْدَأُ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا دَخَلَ بَيْتَهُ؟ قَالَتْ: بِالسَّوَاكِ. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.
From Shurayh bin Hani: I asked Aisha: "With what did the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) start when he entered his house?" She replied: "With the siwak." [Narrated by Muslim]
وَعَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِذَا قَامَ لِلتَّهَجُدِ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ يَشُوْصُ فَاهُ بِالسَّوَاكِ. مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
From Hudhayfa: The Prophet (ﷺ) used to clean his mouth with the siwak when he stood for the night prayer (Tahajjud). This is agreed upon (Muttafaq alayh).
وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ (رضي الله عنها) قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «عَشْرُ مِنَ الْفِطْرَةِ: قَصُّ الشَّارِبِ وَإِعْفَاءُ اللَّحْيَةِ، وَالسَّوَاكُ، وَاسْتِنْشَاقُ الْمَاءِ، وَقَصُّ الأَظْفَارِ، وَغَسْلُ الْبَرَاجِمِ، وَنَتْفُ الْإِبِطِ، وَحَلْقُ الْعَانَةِ، وَانْتِقَاصُ الْمَاءِ يَعْنِي الاسْتِنْجَاءَ . قَالَ الرَّاوِي: وَنَسِيْتُ الْعَاشِرَ، إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُوْنَ الْمَضْمَضَةَ. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ، وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: «الْخِتَانُ» بَدْلَ إِعْفَاءُ اللَّحْيَةِ»، وَرَوَى أَبُو دَاوُدَ عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ يَاسِرٍ مِثْلَهُ.
From Aisha, she said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Ten things are part of the fitrah (natural disposition): trimming the mustache, letting the beard grow, using the siwak, inhaling water into the nose, trimming the nails, washing the joints of the fingers, plucking the armpits, shaving the pubic hair, and performing istinja (cleaning with water after relieving oneself). The narrator said: I forgot the tenth, unless it is rinsing the mouth." [Narrated by Muslim, and in another narration: "Circumcision" replaces letting the beard grow]
Abu Dawood narrated something similar from Ammar bin Yasir.
وَعَنْهَا (رضي الله عنها) قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «السَّوَاكُ مَطْهَرَةٌ لِلْفَمِ مَرْضَاةً لِلرَّبِّ». رَوَاهُ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَأَحْمَدُ وَالدَّارِمِيُّ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ، وَرَوَى البُخَارِيُّ فِي صَحِيحِهِ بِلَا إِسْنَادٍ.
From Aisha, she said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "The siwak is a purifier for the mouth and a means of pleasing the Lord." [Narrated by Al-Shafi'i, Ahmad, Al-Darimi, and Al-Nasa'I while Al-Bukhari narrated it in his Sahih without a chain of narration]
وَعَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «أَرْبَعُ مِنْ سُنَنِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ: الْحَيَاءُ - وَيُرْوَى الخِتَانُ - وَالتَّعَطَّرُ، وَالسَّوَاكُ، وَالنِّكَاحُ». رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.
From Abu Ayyub, he said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Four things are part of the Sunnah of the Muslims: modesty (and it is narrated that circumcision is also part of it), using perfume, using the siwak, and marriage." [Narrated by Tirmidhi]
وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ (رضي الله عنها) قَالَتْ: كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لَا يَرْقُدُ مِنْ لَيْلٍ وَلَا نَهَارٍ فَيَسْتَيْقِظُ إِلَّا تَسَوَّكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَتَوَضَّأَ رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَأَبُوْ دَاوُدَ.
From Aisha, she said: The Prophet (ﷺ) would not sleep at night or during the day without using the siwak before performing wudu. [Narrated by Ahmad and Abu Dawood]
وَعَنْهَا (رضي الله عنها) قَالَتْ: كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَسْتَاكُ فَيُعْطِينِي السَّوَاكَ لِأَغْسِلَهُ، فَأَبْدَأُ بِهِ فَأَسْتَاكُ، ثُمَّ أَغْسِلُهُ وَأَدْفَعُهُ إِلَيْهِ. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ.
From Aisha, she said: The Prophet (ﷺ) would use the siwak and then give it to me to wash it. I would start with it and use it, then wash it and give it back to him. [Narrated by Abu Dawood]
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ (رضي الله عنهما): أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ: «أَرَانِي فِي الْمَنَامِ أَتَسَوَّكُ بِسِوَاكَ فَجَاءَنِي رَجُلَانِ، أَحَدُهُمَا أَكْبَرُ مِنَ الْآخَرِ، فَنَاوَلْتُ السِّوَاكَ الْأَصْغَرَ مِنْهُمَا، فَقِيلَ لِي: كَبِّرْ، فَدَفَعْتُهُ إِلَى الْأَكْبَرِ مِنْهُمَا. مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
From Ibn Umar, may Allah be pleased with him: The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "I saw in a dream that I was using the siwak, and two men came to me, one of them being older than the other. I gave the siwak to the younger one, and it was said to me: 'Give it to the older one.' So I gave it to the older one." It is [Agreed upon]
وَعَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ (رضي الله عنه) أَنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ: «مَا جَاءَنِي جِبْرِيلُ قَطُّ إِلَّا أَمَرَنِي بِالسَّوَاكِ، لَقَدْ خَشِيْتُ أَنْ أُحْفِيَ مُقَدَّمَ فِي». رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ.
From Abu Umamah, may Allah be pleased with him: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Jibril (Gabriel) never came to me except that he instructed me to use the siwak. I feared that I might be negligent in doing it." [Narrated by Ahmad]
وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ : «لَقَدْ أَكْثَرْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ فِي السَّوَاكِ». رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ.
From Anas, may Allah be pleased with him: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "I have emphasized the use of the siwak to you." [Narrated by Bukhari]
وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ (رضي الله عنها) قَالَتْ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَسْتَنُّ وَعِنْدَهُ رَجُلَانِ، أَحَدُهُمَا أَكْبَرُ مِنَ الْآخَرِ، فَأُوْحِيَ إِلَيْهِ فِي فَضْلِ السَّوَاكِ أَنْ كَبِّرْ، أَعْطِ السِّوَاكَ أَكْبَرَهُمَا. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ.
From Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her: The Prophet (ﷺ) was using the siwak when two men were present, one being older than the other. It was revealed to him that the siwak should be given to the older one. So, he gave it to the older one. [Narrated by Abu Dawood]
وَعَنْهَا (رضي الله عنها) قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ : تَفْضُلُ الصَّلَاةُ الَّتِي يُسْتَاكُ لَهَا عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ الَّتِي لَا يُسْتَاكُ لَهَا سَبْعِينَ ضِعْفًا». رَوَاهُ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي شُعَبِ الْإِيْمَانِ».
From Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her: The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "The prayer performed with the use of siwak is superior to the prayer without it by seventy times." [Narrated by Al-Bayhaqi in Shua'ib al-Iman]
وَعَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْجُهَنِيِّ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُوْلُ: «لَوْلَا أَنْ أَشُقَّ عَلَى أُمَّتِي لَأَمَرْتُهُمْ بِالسَّوَاكِ عِنْدَ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ، وَلَأَخَرْتُ صَلَاةَ الْعِشَاءِ إِلَى ثُلُثِ اللَّيْلِ».
قَالَ: فَكَانَ زَيْدُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ يَشْهَدُ الصَّلَاةَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ وَسِوَاكُهُ عَلَى أُذُنِهِ مَوْضِعَ الْقَلَمِ مِنْ أُذُنِ الْكَاتِبِ، لَا يَقُوْمُ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ إِلَّا اسْتَنَّ، ثُمَّ رَدَّهُ إِلَى مَوْضِعِهِ. رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ وَأَبُوْ دَاوُدَ، إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَذْكُرْ: «وَلَأَخَّرْتُ صَلَاةَ الْعِشَاءِ إِلَى ثُلُثِ اللَّيْلِ». وَقَالَ التَّرْمِذِيُّ: هَذَا حَدِيْثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.
From Abu Salama, from Zaid bin Khalid Al-Juhani, may Allah be pleased with him: I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: "If it were not for the difficulty it would cause my Ummah, I would have commanded them to use the siwak for every prayer and I would have delayed the Isha prayer until one-third of the night." Zaid bin Khalid used to attend prayer at the mosque with his siwak placed behind his ear, at the place where a pen is placed behind a scribe's ear. He would not stand for prayer without using the siwak, and then he would return it to its place. [Narrated by Tirmidhi and Abu Dawood, but Tirmidhi did not mention: "I would have delayed the Isha prayer until one-third of the night." Tirmidhi said: "This is a good, authentic hadith."