بَابُ مَنَاقِبِ هَؤُلَاءِ الثَّلَاثَةِؓThe Virtues of These Three (RA)
عَنْ أَنَسٍ (رضي الله عنه) أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ صَعِدَ أُحُدًا وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ وَعُثْمَانُ فَرَجَفَ بِهِمْ، فَضَرَبَهُ بِرِجْلِهِ فَقَالَ: «اثْبُتْ۱ أُحُدُ؛ فَإِنَّمَا عَلَيْكَ نَبِيٌّ وَصِدِّيقُ وَشَهِيدَانِ». رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ.
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet (ﷺ) ascended Uhud with Abu Bakr, Umar, and Uthman, and the mountain shook with them. He struck it with his foot and said: “Be still 1, Uhud, for upon you are only a prophet, a truthful one, and two martyrs.” [Narrated by Bukhari]
Notes / الحواشي
1 His statement “Be still, Uhud, etc.”: meaning that the companionship of those with firmness and dignity must have an effect free of ostentation. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)
۱ قوله : أثبت أحد إلخ : أي وصحبة أهل التمكين والوقار لا بد لها من تأثير خال عن الإظهار. كذا في «المرقاة».
وَعَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيِّ (رضي الله عنه) قَالَ: كُنْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي حَائِطٍ مِنْ حِيطَانِ الْمَدِينَةِ، فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ فَاسْتَفْتَحَ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: «افْتَحْ لَهُ، وَبَشِّرْهُ بِالْجَنَّةِ» فَفَتَحْتُ لَهُ فَإِذَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ، فَبَشَّرْتُهُ بِمَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ، فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ ثُمَّ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ فَاسْتَفْتَحَ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: «افْتَحْ لَهُ، وَبَشِّرْهُ بِالْجَنَّةِ» فَفَتَحْتُ لَهُ فَإِذَا هُوَ عُمَرُ، فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ بِمَا قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ ، فَحَمِدَ اللهَ ثُمَّ اسْتَفْتَحَ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ لِي: «افْتَحْ لَهُ، وَبَشِّرْهُ بِالْجَنَّةِ عَلَى بَلْوَى ۱ تُصِيبُهُ» فَإِذَا عُثْمَانُ، فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ بِمَا قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ ، فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: اللَّهُ الْمُسْتَعَانُ. مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Abu Musa al-Ash’ari (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: “I was with the Prophet (ﷺ) in one of the gardens of Madinah when a man came and asked to enter. The Prophet (ﷺ) said: ‘Open for him and give him glad tidings of Paradise.’ I opened for him, and it was Abu Bakr. I informed him of what the Prophet (ﷺ) said, and he praised Allah. Then another man came and asked to enter, and the Prophet (ﷺ) said: ‘Open for him and give him glad tidings of Paradise.’ I opened for him, and it was Umar. I informed him of what the Prophet (ﷺ) said, and he praised Allah. Then another man asked to enter, and he said to me: ‘Open for him and give him glad tidings of Paradise despite a trial 1 that will afflict him.’ It was Uthman. I informed him of what the Prophet (ﷺ) said, and he praised Allah, then said: ‘Allah is the One Whose help is sought.’” [Agreed Upon]
Notes / الحواشي
1 His statement “despite a trial”: meaning with a great affliction. Uthman was singled out with this despite Umar also facing trials, due to the magnitude of Uthman’s trial, especially with the prolonged duration and lack of support from prominent figures. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)
۱ قوله: على بلوى: أي مع بلية عظيمة، وإنما خص عثمان به مع أن عمر الله أيضًا ابتلي به لعظم ابتلاء عثمان، لا سيما مع امتداد الزمان وقلة الأعوان من الأعيان. كذا في «المرقاة».
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ (رضي الله عنهما) قَالَ: كُنَّا نَقُولُ وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حَيٌّ: أَبُو۱ بَكْرٍ ثُمَّ عُمَرُ ثُمَّ عُثْمَانُ(رضي الله عنهما) . رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ.
Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrated: “We used to say, while the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was alive: Abu 1 Bakr, then Umar, then Uthman (may Allah be pleased with them).” [Narrated by At-Tirmidhi]
Notes / الحواشي
1 His statement “Abu Bakr, Umar, and Uthman, etc.”: The commentator said: Abu Bakr and those conjoined with him are the subject, and “may Allah be pleased with them” is the predicate, with the phrase being the object of “say.” The statement “the Messenger of Allah was alive” is a parenthetical clause, meaning we used to mention these three as those whom Allah is pleased with. In some versions, after “alive,” it says: “the best of the Prophet’s nation are Abu Bakr, then Umar, then Uthman (may Allah be pleased with them),” meaning we remained silent about the rest. In a narration by At-Tirmidhi from him, he said: “We used to compare during the time of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), saying: Abu Bakr, then Umar, then Uthman, and this reached the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), and he did not object.” (As stated in Al-Mirqat)
۱ قوله : أبو بكر وعمر وعثمان إلخ : قال شارح: أبو بكر وما عطف عليه مبتدأ خبره رضي الله عنهم، والجملة مقول القول، و«رسول الله حي جملة معترضة، أي كنا نذكر هؤلاء الثلاثة بأن الله تعالى رضي عنهم. وفي بعض النسخ بعد قوله: «حي»: أفضل أمة النبي الله أبو بكر وعمر وعثمان رضي الله عنهم، أي ونسكت عن الباقين. وفي رواية للترمذي عنه قال: كنا نفاضل على عهد رسول الله ، فنقول : أبو بكر ثم عمر ثم عثمان، فبلغ ذلك رسول الله ، فلا ينكره. كذا في «المرقاة».
وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ (رضي الله عنه) أَنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ: «أُرِيَ۱ اللَّيْلَةَ رَجُلٌ صَالِحٌ أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ نِيطَ بِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ ، وَنِيطَ عُمَرُ بِأَبِي بَكْرٍ، وَنِيطَ عُثْمَانُ بِعُمَرَ. قَالَ جَابِرٌ: فَلَمَّا قُمْنَا مِنْ عِنْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَ قُلْنَا: أَمَّا الرَّجُلُ الصَّالِحُ فَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ، وَأَمَّا تَنَوُّطُ بَعْضِهِمْ بِبَعْضٍ فَهُمْ وَلَاةُ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ الَّذِي بَعَثَ اللَّهُ بِهِ نَبِيَّهُ ﷺ. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ.
Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Tonight, I was shown 1 a righteous man, that Abu Bakr is tied to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), Umar is tied to Abu Bakr, and Uthman is tied to Umar.” Jabir said: “When we left the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), we said: As for the righteous man, it is the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), and as for their being tied to one another, they are the leaders of this matter with which Allah sent His Prophet (ﷺ).” [Narrated by Abu Dawud]
Notes / الحواشي
1 His statement “I was shown”: with a dammah on the hamzah, kasrah on the ra, and fathah on the ya, meaning I saw in my dream. His statement “tied” with a kasrah on the first letter, meaning connected or attached. His statement “leaders of this matter”: meaning the matter of religion. (As stated in Al-Mirqat)
۱ قوله: أرى بضم الهمز وكسر الراء وفتح الياء، أي أبصر في منامه. وقوله: «نيط» بكسر أوله، أي علق. وقوله: ولاة الأمر» أي أمر الدين. كذا في «المرقاة».