بَابُ الْمَسْحِ عَلَى الْخُفَّيْنِWiping Over the Leather Socks (Khuffayn)

Allah, the Exalted, says: "O you who have believed, when you rise to pray, wash your faces and your hands to the elbows, and wipe over your heads and your feet to the ankles." (Al-Ma'idah: 6)

From Al-Mughira ibn Shu'ba, who said: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ wiped over his leather socks. I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, did you forget?' He replied: 'No, it was I whom my Lord had commanded to do so.'" [Narrated by Ahmad and Abu Dawood]

From Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, who said: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ kept wiping over his leather socks until he passed away." [Narrated by Al-Daraqutni]

From Abu Huraira, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: "The Prophet ﷺ said to him: 'Perform wudu.' He said: 'So I brought him water for wudu. He performed wudu and wiped over his leather socks. I said: O Messenger of Allah, did you not wash your feet?' He replied: 'I put them on while they were pure.'" [Narrated by Ahmad and Al-Bayhaqi]

From Ibn Abbas, who said: "I testify that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ wiped over his leather socks." [Narrated by Al-Bazzar]

Imam Abu Hanifa said: "I did not speak about wiping over the leather socks until I had received clear evidence, like the brightness of daylight, and I fear disbelief for anyone who does not accept wiping over the leather socks."

From Usama ibn Zaid, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered with Bilal into the market. He went to relieve himself, then came out. I asked Bilal: 'What did he do?' Bilal replied: 'The Prophet ﷺ went to relieve himself, then performed wudu, washed his face and hands, wiped his head, and wiped over his leather socks, then prayed.'" [Narrated by Al-Nasa'i]

From Abad ibn Ziyad, the son of Al-Mughira ibn Shu'ba, who said: "The Prophet ﷺ went to relieve himself during the Battle of Tabuk. I went with him carrying water. The Prophet ﷺ came and I poured water over him. He washed his face, then tried to remove his hands from ¹ his sleeves but could not due to their tightness. So, he pulled them out from under his garment and washed his hands, wiped his head, and wiped over his leather socks. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came and prayed with them, leading them in one unit, and then completed the remaining unit. The people were startled, and he said to them: 'You did well.'" [Narrated by Muhammad in Al-Muwatta, and Al-Bukhari narrated something similar]

And from Abu Bakrah, from the Prophet ﷺ: "He allowed the traveler to wipe over his socks for three days and nights, and the resident for one day and one night, if he performed ablution and then wore his socks, to wipe over them." [Narrated by Al-Athram in his Sunan, Ibn Khuzaymah, and Al-Daraqutni]

Al-Khattabi said: "The chain of narration is authentic, as stated in Al-Muntaha," and Ibn Khuzaymah confirmed it as authentic.

And from Shuraih bin Hani, who said: "I asked Ali ibn Abi Talib about wiping over the socks. He said: 'The Messenger of Allah ﷺ made it three days and nights for the traveler, and one day and one night for the resident.'" [Narrated by Muslim, and Al-Tahawi narrated similarly]

And from Safwan bin Abdal, Allah be pleased with him, who said: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Three days and nights for the traveler, and one day and one night for the resident, and do not remove them due to sleep, urination, or defecation, except due to janabah (ritual impurity).'" [Narrated by Al-Tabarani in his Al-Kabir, and narrated similarly by Al-Tirmidhi and Al-Nasa'i]

And from Anas, Allah be pleased with him, who said: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'When one of you performs ablution and wears his socks, he should pray in them and wipe over them, then he should not remove them unless due to janabah.'" [Narrated by Al-Daraqutni and Al-Hakim, who authenticated it]

And from Abu Usman Al-Nahdi, who said: "Sa'd and Ibn Umar disagreed about wiping over the socks. Sa'd said: 'I wipe over the socks.' Ibn Umar said: 'I do not wipe over them.' Sa'd said: 'Between me and you is your father.' We then went to Umar and mentioned this to him. Umar said: 'Your uncle knows better than you. When you wear your socks after performing ablution, then if you break your ablution, you can perform ablution and wipe over your socks, and that wiping is valid until that hour, whether it is night or day.'" [Narrated by Sa'id bin Mansur]

And from Al-Mughira bin Shu'bah, Allah be pleased with him, who said: "I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ urinate, then perform ablution and wipe over his socks, placing his right hand on his right sock and his left hand on his left sock, and then he wiped over the tops of them with one wipe, such that I almost saw the fingers of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the socks." [Narrated by Ibn Abi Shaibah, and Al-Bayhaqi narrated similarly]

And from Ali, Allah be pleased with him, who said: "If religion were based on personal opinion, the bottom of the sock would be more appropriate for wiping than the top, but I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ wipe over the top of his socks." [Narrated by Abu Dawood with a Sahih chain, and Al-Darami narrated similarly]

According to Al-Talkhis, its chain of narration is authentic.

And from Jabir, Allah be pleased with him, who said: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed by a man who was performing ablution and washing his socks. He nudged him with his foot and said: 'This is not the Sunnah. We were commanded to wipe over them like this,' and he passed his hands over his socks." [Narrated by Al-Tabarani in Al-Awsat]

In another narration, he showed him with his hands from the front of the socks to the base of the shin once, spreading his fingers apart. And in another narration from Ibn al-Mundhir, from Umar ibn al-Khattab, that he wiped over his socks until the marks of his fingers appeared on the socks.

And from Al-Hasan, who said: "The wiping over the socks is done in stripes with the fingers." [Narrated by Sa'id bin Mansur]

And from Abu Musa, Allah be pleased with him, who said: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ wiped over his two socks and sandals." [Narrated by Al-Tahawi, and similarly narrated by Ahmad, Al-Tirmidhi, Abu Dawood, and Ibn Majah]

Al-Tahawi said: "We do not see the permissibility of wiping over sandals, and one of the arguments for this is that it is possible that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ wiped over sandals that were underneath two socks, and he intended to wipe over the socks, not the sandals. And if he had been wearing only socks without sandals, it would have been permissible for him to wipe over them. Therefore, his wiping was specifically for the socks, not the sandals. Since this is the case, his wiping was for the socks which he had worn for purification, and the wiping over the sandals was an additional action.

When we consider the hadith and find that it does not serve as evidence for the permissibility of wiping over sandals, we approached it from the perspective of reasoning to determine its ruling. We found that the socks, over which wiping is permissible, are invalid for wiping if they are torn to the point that the feet are exposed or if more than the feet are visible. There is unanimous agreement that wiping is not allowed in such a case. Therefore, since wiping over socks is only permissible when they completely cover the feet, and this is not the case with sandals, it was concluded that sandals are like socks that do not completely cover the feet, and thus wiping over them is not permissible."

And from Abdul Khayr, who said: "I saw Ali, while he was presenting the prisoners, urinate, then perform ablution and wipe over his socks." [Narrated by Sa'id bin Mansur]

And from Ibrahim, who said: "Indeed, Ibn Mas'ud used to wipe over his socks and also over his two socks." [Narrated by Abdul Razzaq]

And from Bilal, who said: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Wipe over your socks and shoes.'" [Narrated by Al-Tabarani and Al-Baghawi]

And from Ata' bin Yasar, from Abdullah bin Rawaha and Usama bin Zayd: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered the house of Hamal, and Bilal came out to them and informed them that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had performed ablution and wiped over his shoes." Narrated by Ibn Asakir, and Ahmad and Abu Dawood narrated from Bilal, with a similar report.

And from Hammad, from Ibrahim: "He used to wipe over the shoes." [Narrated by Muhammad in Al-Athar]

And from Hisham bin Urwah, from his father: "He saw his father wiping over the tops of his socks, not the bottoms. Then he would lift his turban and wipe his head." [Narrated by Muhammad in Al-Muwatta]

And it is narrated from Ibn Umar, Allah be pleased with him: "He was on a campaign and removed his socks, washed his feet, and did not repeat the ablution."

And from Ibrahim, who said: "If you are wiping (over socks) and you are in a state of ablution, then if you remove your socks, wash your feet." [Narrated by Muhammad in Al-Athar]